From b19caaefc277335ed623e0a3b6c80be31fce439c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Martin Holst Swende Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2015 20:47:40 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 1/7] Fixed minor bugs in iclass fullsim, does not work yet though --- armsrc/iclass.c | 19 +++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/armsrc/iclass.c b/armsrc/iclass.c index a976217d..81ecd01b 100644 --- a/armsrc/iclass.c +++ b/armsrc/iclass.c @@ -1085,7 +1085,7 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) // Tag CSN uint8_t *modulated_response; - int modulated_response_size; + int modulated_response_size = 0; uint8_t* trace_data = NULL; int trace_data_size = 0; @@ -1132,8 +1132,10 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) CodeIClassTagAnswer(card_challenge_data, sizeof(card_challenge_data)); memcpy(resp_cc, ToSend, ToSendMax); resp_cc_len = ToSendMax; - //This is used for responding to READ-block commands + //This is used for responding to READ-block commands or other data which is dynamically generated uint8_t *data_response = BigBuf_malloc(8 * 2 + 2); + //This is used for responding to READ-block commands or other data which is dynamically generated + uint8_t *data_generic_trace = BigBuf_malloc(8 * 2 + 2); // Start from off (no field generated) //FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); @@ -1201,7 +1203,8 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) //Reader just sent us NR and MAC(k,cc * nr) //The diversified key should be stored on block 3 //However, from a typical dump, the key will not be there - uint8_t *diversified_key = { 0 }; + uint8_t diversified_key[8] = { 0 }; + //Get the diversified key from emulator memory memcpy(diversified_key, emulator+(8*3),8); uint8_t ccnr[12] = { 0 }; @@ -1210,7 +1213,8 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) //Put nr there memcpy(ccnr+8, receivedCmd+1,4); //Now, calc MAC - doMAC(ccnr,diversified_key, trace_data); + doMAC(ccnr,diversified_key, data_generic_trace); + trace_data = data_generic_trace; trace_data_size = 4; CodeIClassTagAnswer(trace_data , trace_data_size); memcpy(data_response, ToSend, ToSendMax); @@ -1253,6 +1257,13 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) modulated_response = data_response; modulated_response_size = ToSendMax; } + else if(receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_PAGESEL) + {//Pagesel + //Pagesel enables to select a page in the selected chip memory and return its configuration block + //Chips with a single page will not answer to this command + // It appears we're fine ignoring this. + //Otherwise, we should answer 8bytes (block) + 2bytes CRC + } else { //#db# Unknown command received from reader (len=5): 26 1 0 f6 a 44 44 44 44 // Never seen this command before From 10a8875c723002d015b8f8872f1d50759f090c89 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Martin Holst Swende Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2015 20:35:35 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 2/7] Implemented new optimized version of MAC-calculation for iclass --- armsrc/Makefile | 3 +- armsrc/cipher.c | 272 ---------------------------------------- armsrc/cipher.h | 49 -------- armsrc/cipherutils.c | 292 ------------------------------------------- armsrc/cipherutils.h | 76 ----------- armsrc/iclass.c | 6 +- armsrc/lfsampling.c | 9 +- 7 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 698 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 armsrc/cipher.c delete mode 100644 armsrc/cipher.h delete mode 100644 armsrc/cipherutils.c delete mode 100644 armsrc/cipherutils.h diff --git a/armsrc/Makefile b/armsrc/Makefile index be08e56b..75ccdece 100644 --- a/armsrc/Makefile +++ b/armsrc/Makefile @@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ ARMSRC = fpgaloader.c \ legic_prng.c \ iclass.c \ BigBuf.c \ - cipher.c \ - cipherutils.c\ + optimized_cipher.c # stdint.h provided locally until GCC 4.5 becomes C99 compliant APP_CFLAGS += -I. diff --git a/armsrc/cipher.c b/armsrc/cipher.c deleted file mode 100644 index 7c9cc873..00000000 --- a/armsrc/cipher.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,272 +0,0 @@ -/***************************************************************************** - * WARNING - * - * THIS CODE IS CREATED FOR EXPERIMENTATION AND EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY. - * - * USAGE OF THIS CODE IN OTHER WAYS MAY INFRINGE UPON THE INTELLECTUAL - * PROPERTY OF OTHER PARTIES, SUCH AS INSIDE SECURE AND HID GLOBAL, - * AND MAY EXPOSE YOU TO AN INFRINGEMENT ACTION FROM THOSE PARTIES. - * - * THIS CODE SHOULD NEVER BE USED TO INFRINGE PATENTS OR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. - * - ***************************************************************************** - * - * This file is part of loclass. It is a reconstructon of the cipher engine - * used in iClass, and RFID techology. - * - * The implementation is based on the work performed by - * Flavio D. Garcia, Gerhard de Koning Gans, Roel Verdult and - * Milosch Meriac in the paper "Dismantling IClass". - * - * Copyright (C) 2014 Martin Holst Swende - * - * This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify - * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published - * by the Free Software Foundation. - * - * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, - * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of - * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the - * GNU General Public License for more details. - * - * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License - * along with loclass. If not, see . - * - * - * - ****************************************************************************/ - - -#include "cipher.h" -#include "cipherutils.h" -#include -#include -#include -#include -#ifndef ON_DEVICE -#include "fileutils.h" -#endif - - -/** -* Definition 1 (Cipher state). A cipher state of iClass s is an element of F 40/2 -* consisting of the following four components: -* 1. the left register l = (l 0 . . . l 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 ; -* 2. the right register r = (r 0 . . . r 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 ; -* 3. the top register t = (t 0 . . . t 15 ) ∈ F 16/2 . -* 4. the bottom register b = (b 0 . . . b 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 . -**/ -typedef struct { - uint8_t l; - uint8_t r; - uint8_t b; - uint16_t t; -} State; - -/** -* Definition 2. The feedback function for the top register T : F 16/2 → F 2 -* is defined as -* T (x 0 x 1 . . . . . . x 15 ) = x 0 ⊕ x 1 ⊕ x 5 ⊕ x 7 ⊕ x 10 ⊕ x 11 ⊕ x 14 ⊕ x 15 . -**/ -bool T(State state) -{ - bool x0 = state.t & 0x8000; - bool x1 = state.t & 0x4000; - bool x5 = state.t & 0x0400; - bool x7 = state.t & 0x0100; - bool x10 = state.t & 0x0020; - bool x11 = state.t & 0x0010; - bool x14 = state.t & 0x0002; - bool x15 = state.t & 0x0001; - return x0 ^ x1 ^ x5 ^ x7 ^ x10 ^ x11 ^ x14 ^ x15; -} -/** -* Similarly, the feedback function for the bottom register B : F 8/2 → F 2 is defined as -* B(x 0 x 1 . . . x 7 ) = x 1 ⊕ x 2 ⊕ x 3 ⊕ x 7 . -**/ -bool B(State state) -{ - bool x1 = state.b & 0x40; - bool x2 = state.b & 0x20; - bool x3 = state.b & 0x10; - bool x7 = state.b & 0x01; - - return x1 ^ x2 ^ x3 ^ x7; - -} - - -/** -* Definition 3 (Selection function). The selection function select : F 2 × F 2 × -* F 8/2 → F 3/2 is defined as select(x, y, r) = z 0 z 1 z 2 where -* z 0 = (r 0 ∧ r 2 ) ⊕ (r 1 ∧ r 3 ) ⊕ (r 2 ∨ r 4 ) -* z 1 = (r 0 ∨ r 2 ) ⊕ (r 5 ∨ r 7 ) ⊕ r 1 ⊕ r 6 ⊕ x ⊕ y -* z 2 = (r 3 ∧ r 5 ) ⊕ (r 4 ∧ r 6 ) ⊕ r 7 ⊕ x -**/ -uint8_t _select(bool x, bool y, uint8_t r) -{ - bool r0 = r >> 7 & 0x1; - bool r1 = r >> 6 & 0x1; - bool r2 = r >> 5 & 0x1; - bool r3 = r >> 4 & 0x1; - bool r4 = r >> 3 & 0x1; - bool r5 = r >> 2 & 0x1; - bool r6 = r >> 1 & 0x1; - bool r7 = r & 0x1; - - bool z0 = (r0 & r2) ^ (r1 & ~r3) ^ (r2 | r4); - bool z1 = (r0 | r2) ^ ( r5 | r7) ^ r1 ^ r6 ^ x ^ y; - bool z2 = (r3 & ~r5) ^ (r4 & r6 ) ^ r7 ^ x; - - // The three bitz z0.. z1 are packed into a uint8_t: - // 00000ZZZ - //Return value is a uint8_t - uint8_t retval = 0; - retval |= (z0 << 2) & 4; - retval |= (z1 << 1) & 2; - retval |= z2 & 1; - - // Return value 0 <= retval <= 7 - return retval; -} - -/** -* Definition 4 (Successor state). Let s = l, r, t, b be a cipher state, k ∈ (F 82 ) 8 -* be a key and y ∈ F 2 be the input bit. Then, the successor cipher state s ′ = -* l ′ , r ′ , t ′ , b ′ is defined as -* t ′ := (T (t) ⊕ r 0 ⊕ r 4 )t 0 . . . t 14 l ′ := (k [select(T (t),y,r)] ⊕ b ′ ) ⊞ l ⊞ r -* b ′ := (B(b) ⊕ r 7 )b 0 . . . b 6 r ′ := (k [select(T (t),y,r)] ⊕ b ′ ) ⊞ l -* -* @param s - state -* @param k - array containing 8 bytes -**/ -State successor(uint8_t* k, State s, bool y) -{ - bool r0 = s.r >> 7 & 0x1; - bool r4 = s.r >> 3 & 0x1; - bool r7 = s.r & 0x1; - - State successor = {0,0,0,0}; - - successor.t = s.t >> 1; - successor.t |= (T(s) ^ r0 ^ r4) << 15; - - successor.b = s.b >> 1; - successor.b |= (B(s) ^ r7) << 7; - - bool Tt = T(s); - - successor.l = ((k[_select(Tt,y,s.r)] ^ successor.b) + s.l+s.r ) & 0xFF; - successor.r = ((k[_select(Tt,y,s.r)] ^ successor.b) + s.l ) & 0xFF; - - return successor; -} -/** -* We define the successor function suc which takes a key k ∈ (F 82 ) 8 , a state s and -* an input y ∈ F 2 and outputs the successor state s ′ . We overload the function suc -* to multiple bit input x ∈ F n 2 which we define as -* @param k - array containing 8 bytes -**/ -State suc(uint8_t* k,State s, BitstreamIn *bitstream) -{ - if(bitsLeft(bitstream) == 0) - { - return s; - } - bool lastbit = tailBit(bitstream); - return successor(k,suc(k,s,bitstream), lastbit); -} - -/** -* Definition 5 (Output). Define the function output which takes an internal -* state s =< l, r, t, b > and returns the bit r 5 . We also define the function output -* on multiple bits input which takes a key k, a state s and an input x ∈ F n 2 as -* output(k, s, ǫ) = ǫ -* output(k, s, x 0 . . . x n ) = output(s) · output(k, s ′ , x 1 . . . x n ) -* where s ′ = suc(k, s, x 0 ). -**/ -void output(uint8_t* k,State s, BitstreamIn* in, BitstreamOut* out) -{ - if(bitsLeft(in) == 0) - { - return; - } - pushBit(out,(s.r >> 2) & 1); - //Remove first bit - uint8_t x0 = headBit(in); - State ss = successor(k,s,x0); - output(k,ss,in, out); -} - -/** -* Definition 6 (Initial state). Define the function init which takes as input a -* key k ∈ (F 82 ) 8 and outputs the initial cipher state s =< l, r, t, b > -**/ - -State init(uint8_t* k) -{ - State s = { - ((k[0] ^ 0x4c) + 0xEC) & 0xFF,// l - ((k[0] ^ 0x4c) + 0x21) & 0xFF,// r - 0x4c, // b - 0xE012 // t - }; - return s; -} -void MAC(uint8_t* k, BitstreamIn input, BitstreamOut out) -{ - uint8_t zeroes_32[] = {0,0,0,0}; - BitstreamIn input_32_zeroes = {zeroes_32,sizeof(zeroes_32)*8,0}; - State initState = suc(k,init(k),&input); - output(k,initState,&input_32_zeroes,&out); -} - -void doMAC(uint8_t *cc_nr_p, uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]) -{ - uint8_t cc_nr[13] = { 0 }; - uint8_t div_key[8]; - //cc_nr=(uint8_t*)malloc(length+1); - - memcpy(cc_nr,cc_nr_p,12); - memcpy(div_key,div_key_p,8); - - reverse_arraybytes(cc_nr,12); - BitstreamIn bitstream = {cc_nr,12 * 8,0}; - uint8_t dest []= {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; - BitstreamOut out = { dest, sizeof(dest)*8, 0 }; - MAC(div_key,bitstream, out); - //The output MAC must also be reversed - reverse_arraybytes(dest, sizeof(dest)); - memcpy(mac, dest, 4); - //free(cc_nr); - return; -} -#ifndef ON_DEVICE -int testMAC() -{ - prnlog("[+] Testing MAC calculation..."); - - //From the "dismantling.IClass" paper: - uint8_t cc_nr[] = {0xFE,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0,0,0,0}; - //From the paper - uint8_t div_key[8] = {0xE0,0x33,0xCA,0x41,0x9A,0xEE,0x43,0xF9}; - uint8_t correct_MAC[4] = {0x1d,0x49,0xC9,0xDA}; - - uint8_t calculated_mac[4] = {0}; - doMAC(cc_nr,div_key, calculated_mac); - - if(memcmp(calculated_mac, correct_MAC,4) == 0) - { - prnlog("[+] MAC calculation OK!"); - - }else - { - prnlog("[+] FAILED: MAC calculation failed:"); - printarr(" Calculated_MAC", calculated_mac, 4); - printarr(" Correct_MAC ", correct_MAC, 4); - return 1; - } - - return 0; -} -#endif diff --git a/armsrc/cipher.h b/armsrc/cipher.h deleted file mode 100644 index bdea9432..00000000 --- a/armsrc/cipher.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,49 +0,0 @@ -/***************************************************************************** - * WARNING - * - * THIS CODE IS CREATED FOR EXPERIMENTATION AND EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY. - * - * USAGE OF THIS CODE IN OTHER WAYS MAY INFRINGE UPON THE INTELLECTUAL - * PROPERTY OF OTHER PARTIES, SUCH AS INSIDE SECURE AND HID GLOBAL, - * AND MAY EXPOSE YOU TO AN INFRINGEMENT ACTION FROM THOSE PARTIES. - * - * THIS CODE SHOULD NEVER BE USED TO INFRINGE PATENTS OR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. - * - ***************************************************************************** - * - * This file is part of loclass. It is a reconstructon of the cipher engine - * used in iClass, and RFID techology. - * - * The implementation is based on the work performed by - * Flavio D. Garcia, Gerhard de Koning Gans, Roel Verdult and - * Milosch Meriac in the paper "Dismantling IClass". - * - * Copyright (C) 2014 Martin Holst Swende - * - * This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify - * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published - * by the Free Software Foundation. - * - * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, - * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of - * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the - * GNU General Public License for more details. - * - * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License - * along with loclass. If not, see . - * - * - * - ****************************************************************************/ - - -#ifndef CIPHER_H -#define CIPHER_H -#include - -void doMAC(uint8_t *cc_nr_p, uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]); -#ifndef ON_DEVICE -int testMAC(); -#endif - -#endif // CIPHER_H diff --git a/armsrc/cipherutils.c b/armsrc/cipherutils.c deleted file mode 100644 index c00e2be2..00000000 --- a/armsrc/cipherutils.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,292 +0,0 @@ -/***************************************************************************** - * WARNING - * - * THIS CODE IS CREATED FOR EXPERIMENTATION AND EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY. - * - * USAGE OF THIS CODE IN OTHER WAYS MAY INFRINGE UPON THE INTELLECTUAL - * PROPERTY OF OTHER PARTIES, SUCH AS INSIDE SECURE AND HID GLOBAL, - * AND MAY EXPOSE YOU TO AN INFRINGEMENT ACTION FROM THOSE PARTIES. - * - * THIS CODE SHOULD NEVER BE USED TO INFRINGE PATENTS OR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. - * - ***************************************************************************** - * - * This file is part of loclass. It is a reconstructon of the cipher engine - * used in iClass, and RFID techology. - * - * The implementation is based on the work performed by - * Flavio D. Garcia, Gerhard de Koning Gans, Roel Verdult and - * Milosch Meriac in the paper "Dismantling IClass". - * - * Copyright (C) 2014 Martin Holst Swende - * - * This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify - * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published - * by the Free Software Foundation. - * - * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, - * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of - * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the - * GNU General Public License for more details. - * - * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License - * along with loclass. If not, see . - * - * - * - ****************************************************************************/ - -#include -#include -#include -#include "cipherutils.h" -#ifndef ON_DEVICE -#include "fileutils.h" -#endif -/** - * - * @brief Return and remove the first bit (x0) in the stream : - * @param stream - * @return - */ -bool headBit( BitstreamIn *stream) -{ - int bytepos = stream->position >> 3; // divide by 8 - int bitpos = (stream->position++) & 7; // mask out 00000111 - return (*(stream->buffer + bytepos) >> (7-bitpos)) & 1; -} -/** - * @brief Return and remove the last bit (xn) in the stream: - * @param stream - * @return - */ -bool tailBit( BitstreamIn *stream) -{ - int bitpos = stream->numbits -1 - (stream->position++); - - int bytepos= bitpos >> 3; - bitpos &= 7; - return (*(stream->buffer + bytepos) >> (7-bitpos)) & 1; -} -/** - * @brief Pushes bit onto the stream - * @param stream - * @param bit - */ -void pushBit( BitstreamOut* stream, bool bit) -{ - int bytepos = stream->position >> 3; // divide by 8 - int bitpos = stream->position & 7; - *(stream->buffer+bytepos) |= (bit & 1) << (7 - bitpos); - stream->position++; - stream->numbits++; -} - -/** - * @brief Pushes the lower six bits onto the stream - * as b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 - * @param stream - * @param bits - */ -void push6bits( BitstreamOut* stream, uint8_t bits) -{ - pushBit(stream, bits & 0x20); - pushBit(stream, bits & 0x10); - pushBit(stream, bits & 0x08); - pushBit(stream, bits & 0x04); - pushBit(stream, bits & 0x02); - pushBit(stream, bits & 0x01); -} - -/** - * @brief bitsLeft - * @param stream - * @return number of bits left in stream - */ -int bitsLeft( BitstreamIn *stream) -{ - return stream->numbits - stream->position; -} -/** - * @brief numBits - * @param stream - * @return Number of bits stored in stream - */ -int numBits(BitstreamOut *stream) -{ - return stream->numbits; -} - -void x_num_to_bytes(uint64_t n, size_t len, uint8_t* dest) -{ - while (len--) { - dest[len] = (uint8_t) n; - n >>= 8; - } -} - -uint64_t x_bytes_to_num(uint8_t* src, size_t len) -{ - uint64_t num = 0; - while (len--) - { - num = (num << 8) | (*src); - src++; - } - return num; -} -uint8_t reversebytes(uint8_t b) { - b = (b & 0xF0) >> 4 | (b & 0x0F) << 4; - b = (b & 0xCC) >> 2 | (b & 0x33) << 2; - b = (b & 0xAA) >> 1 | (b & 0x55) << 1; - return b; -} -void reverse_arraybytes(uint8_t* arr, size_t len) -{ - uint8_t i; - for( i =0; i< len ; i++) - { - arr[i] = reversebytes(arr[i]); - } -} -void reverse_arraycopy(uint8_t* arr, uint8_t* dest, size_t len) -{ - uint8_t i; - for( i =0; i< len ; i++) - { - dest[i] = reversebytes(arr[i]); - } -} -#ifndef ON_DEVICE -void printarr(char * name, uint8_t* arr, int len) -{ - int cx; - size_t outsize = 40+strlen(name)+len*5; - char* output = malloc(outsize); - memset(output, 0,outsize); - - int i ; - cx = snprintf(output,outsize, "uint8_t %s[] = {", name); - for(i =0 ; i< len ; i++) - { - cx += snprintf(output+cx,outsize-cx,"0x%02x,",*(arr+i));//5 bytes per byte - } - cx += snprintf(output+cx,outsize-cx,"};"); - prnlog(output); -} - -void printvar(char * name, uint8_t* arr, int len) -{ - int cx; - size_t outsize = 40+strlen(name)+len*2; - char* output = malloc(outsize); - memset(output, 0,outsize); - - int i ; - cx = snprintf(output,outsize,"%s = ", name); - for(i =0 ; i< len ; i++) - { - cx += snprintf(output+cx,outsize-cx,"%02x",*(arr+i));//2 bytes per byte - } - - prnlog(output); -} - -void printarr_human_readable(char * title, uint8_t* arr, int len) -{ - int cx; - size_t outsize = 100+strlen(title)+len*4; - char* output = malloc(outsize); - memset(output, 0,outsize); - - - int i; - cx = snprintf(output,outsize, "\n\t%s\n", title); - for(i =0 ; i< len ; i++) - { - if(i % 16 == 0) - cx += snprintf(output+cx,outsize-cx,"\n%02x| ", i ); - cx += snprintf(output+cx,outsize-cx, "%02x ",*(arr+i)); - } - prnlog(output); - free(output); -} -#endif -//----------------------------- -// Code for testing below -//----------------------------- - -#ifndef ON_DEVICE -int testBitStream() -{ - uint8_t input [] = {0xDE,0xAD,0xBE,0xEF,0xDE,0xAD,0xBE,0xEF}; - uint8_t output [] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; - BitstreamIn in = { input, sizeof(input) * 8,0}; - BitstreamOut out ={ output, 0,0} - ; - while(bitsLeft(&in) > 0) - { - pushBit(&out, headBit(&in)); - //printf("Bits left: %d\n", bitsLeft(&in)); - //printf("Bits out: %d\n", numBits(&out)); - } - if(memcmp(input, output, sizeof(input)) == 0) - { - prnlog(" Bitstream test 1 ok"); - }else - { - prnlog(" Bitstream test 1 failed"); - uint8_t i; - for(i = 0 ; i < sizeof(input) ; i++) - { - prnlog(" IN %02x, OUT %02x", input[i], output[i]); - } - return 1; - } - return 0; -} - -int testReversedBitstream() -{ - uint8_t input [] = {0xDE,0xAD,0xBE,0xEF,0xDE,0xAD,0xBE,0xEF}; - uint8_t reverse [] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; - uint8_t output [] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; - BitstreamIn in = { input, sizeof(input) * 8,0}; - BitstreamOut out ={ output, 0,0}; - BitstreamIn reversed_in ={ reverse, sizeof(input)*8,0}; - BitstreamOut reversed_out ={ reverse,0 ,0}; - - while(bitsLeft(&in) > 0) - { - pushBit(&reversed_out, tailBit(&in)); - } - while(bitsLeft(&reversed_in) > 0) - { - pushBit(&out, tailBit(&reversed_in)); - } - if(memcmp(input, output, sizeof(input)) == 0) - { - prnlog(" Bitstream test 2 ok"); - }else - { - prnlog(" Bitstream test 2 failed"); - uint8_t i; - for(i = 0 ; i < sizeof(input) ; i++) - { - prnlog(" IN %02x, MIDDLE: %02x, OUT %02x", input[i],reverse[i], output[i]); - } - return 1; - } - return 0; -} - - -int testCipherUtils(void) -{ - prnlog("[+] Testing some internals..."); - int retval = 0; - retval |= testBitStream(); - retval |= testReversedBitstream(); - return retval; -} -#endif diff --git a/armsrc/cipherutils.h b/armsrc/cipherutils.h deleted file mode 100644 index ee4939e3..00000000 --- a/armsrc/cipherutils.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,76 +0,0 @@ -/***************************************************************************** - * WARNING - * - * THIS CODE IS CREATED FOR EXPERIMENTATION AND EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY. - * - * USAGE OF THIS CODE IN OTHER WAYS MAY INFRINGE UPON THE INTELLECTUAL - * PROPERTY OF OTHER PARTIES, SUCH AS INSIDE SECURE AND HID GLOBAL, - * AND MAY EXPOSE YOU TO AN INFRINGEMENT ACTION FROM THOSE PARTIES. - * - * THIS CODE SHOULD NEVER BE USED TO INFRINGE PATENTS OR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. - * - ***************************************************************************** - * - * This file is part of loclass. It is a reconstructon of the cipher engine - * used in iClass, and RFID techology. - * - * The implementation is based on the work performed by - * Flavio D. Garcia, Gerhard de Koning Gans, Roel Verdult and - * Milosch Meriac in the paper "Dismantling IClass". - * - * Copyright (C) 2014 Martin Holst Swende - * - * This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify - * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published - * by the Free Software Foundation. - * - * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, - * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of - * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the - * GNU General Public License for more details. - * - * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License - * along with loclass. If not, see . - * - * - * - ****************************************************************************/ - - -#ifndef CIPHERUTILS_H -#define CIPHERUTILS_H -#include -#include -#include - -typedef struct { - uint8_t * buffer; - uint8_t numbits; - uint8_t position; -} BitstreamIn; - -typedef struct { - uint8_t * buffer; - uint8_t numbits; - uint8_t position; -}BitstreamOut; - -bool headBit( BitstreamIn *stream); -bool tailBit( BitstreamIn *stream); -void pushBit( BitstreamOut *stream, bool bit); -int bitsLeft( BitstreamIn *stream); -#ifndef ON_DEVICE -int testCipherUtils(void); -int testMAC(); -void printarr(char * name, uint8_t* arr, int len); -void printvar(char * name, uint8_t* arr, int len); -void printarr_human_readable(char * title, uint8_t* arr, int len); -#endif -void push6bits( BitstreamOut* stream, uint8_t bits); -void EncryptDES(bool key[56], bool outBlk[64], bool inBlk[64], int verbose) ; -void x_num_to_bytes(uint64_t n, size_t len, uint8_t* dest); -uint64_t x_bytes_to_num(uint8_t* src, size_t len); -uint8_t reversebytes(uint8_t b); -void reverse_arraybytes(uint8_t* arr, size_t len); -void reverse_arraycopy(uint8_t* arr, uint8_t* dest, size_t len); -#endif // CIPHERUTILS_H diff --git a/armsrc/iclass.c b/armsrc/iclass.c index 81ecd01b..ca6d9a7e 100644 --- a/armsrc/iclass.c +++ b/armsrc/iclass.c @@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ // different initial value (CRC_ICLASS) #include "iso14443crc.h" #include "iso15693tools.h" -#include "cipher.h" #include "protocols.h" +#include "optimized_cipher.h" + static int timeout = 4096; @@ -1213,13 +1214,14 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) //Put nr there memcpy(ccnr+8, receivedCmd+1,4); //Now, calc MAC - doMAC(ccnr,diversified_key, data_generic_trace); + opt_doMAC(ccnr,diversified_key, data_generic_trace); trace_data = data_generic_trace; trace_data_size = 4; CodeIClassTagAnswer(trace_data , trace_data_size); memcpy(data_response, ToSend, ToSendMax); modulated_response = data_response; modulated_response_size = ToSendMax; + //exitLoop = true; }else { //Not fullsim, we don't respond // We do not know what to answer, so lets keep quiet diff --git a/armsrc/lfsampling.c b/armsrc/lfsampling.c index 7af065ea..6094bd34 100644 --- a/armsrc/lfsampling.c +++ b/armsrc/lfsampling.c @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ #include "string.h" #include "lfsampling.h" -#include "cipherutils.h" + sample_config config = { 1, 8, 1, 95, 0 } ; void printConfig() @@ -55,20 +55,19 @@ sample_config* getSamplingConfig() { return &config; } -/* + typedef struct { uint8_t * buffer; uint32_t numbits; uint32_t position; } BitstreamOut; -*/ /** * @brief Pushes bit onto the stream * @param stream * @param bit */ -/*void pushBit( BitstreamOut* stream, uint8_t bit) +void pushBit( BitstreamOut* stream, uint8_t bit) { int bytepos = stream->position >> 3; // divide by 8 int bitpos = stream->position & 7; @@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ typedef struct { stream->position++; stream->numbits++; } -*/ + /** * Setup the FPGA to listen for samples. This method downloads the FPGA bitstream * if not already loaded, sets divisor and starts up the antenna. From c99dc845b1057be4ba2e535730345b4e6e8bfc58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Martin Holst Swende Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2015 20:19:10 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 3/7] Added the ciphers also.. doh --- armsrc/optimized_cipher.c | 239 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ armsrc/optimized_cipher.h | 5 + 2 files changed, 244 insertions(+) create mode 100644 armsrc/optimized_cipher.c create mode 100644 armsrc/optimized_cipher.h diff --git a/armsrc/optimized_cipher.c b/armsrc/optimized_cipher.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..067e9022 --- /dev/null +++ b/armsrc/optimized_cipher.c @@ -0,0 +1,239 @@ +/***************************************************************************** + * WARNING + * + * THIS CODE IS CREATED FOR EXPERIMENTATION AND EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY. + * + * USAGE OF THIS CODE IN OTHER WAYS MAY INFRINGE UPON THE INTELLECTUAL + * PROPERTY OF OTHER PARTIES, SUCH AS INSIDE SECURE AND HID GLOBAL, + * AND MAY EXPOSE YOU TO AN INFRINGEMENT ACTION FROM THOSE PARTIES. + * + * THIS CODE SHOULD NEVER BE USED TO INFRINGE PATENTS OR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. + * + ***************************************************************************** + * + * This file is part of loclass. It is a reconstructon of the cipher engine + * used in iClass, and RFID techology. + * + * The implementation is based on the work performed by + * Flavio D. Garcia, Gerhard de Koning Gans, Roel Verdult and + * Milosch Meriac in the paper "Dismantling IClass". + * + * Copyright (C) 2014 Martin Holst Swende + * + * This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify + * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published + * by the Free Software Foundation. + * + * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the + * GNU General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License + * along with loclass. If not, see . + * + * + * + ****************************************************************************/ + +/** + + This file contains an optimized version of the MAC-calculation algorithm. Some measurements on + a std laptop showed it runs in about 1/3 of the time: + + Std: 0.428962 + Opt: 0.151609 + + Additionally, it is self-reliant, not requiring e.g. bitstreams from the cipherutils, thus can + be easily dropped into a code base. + + The optimizations have been performed in the following steps: + * Parameters passed by reference instead of by value. + * Iteration instead of recursion, un-nesting recursive loops into for-loops. + * Handling of bytes instead of individual bits, for less shuffling and masking + * Less creation of "objects", structs, and instead reuse of alloc:ed memory + * Inlining some functions via #define:s + + As a consequence, this implementation is less generic. Also, I haven't bothered documenting this. + For a thorough documentation, check out the MAC-calculation within cipher.c instead. + + -- MHS 2015 +**/ + +#include "optimized_cipher.h" +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +/** +* Definition 1 (Cipher state). A cipher state of iClass s is an element of F 40/2 +* consisting of the following four components: +* 1. the left register l = (l 0 . . . l 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 ; +* 2. the right register r = (r 0 . . . r 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 ; +* 3. the top register t = (t 0 . . . t 15 ) ∈ F 16/2 . +* 4. the bottom register b = (b 0 . . . b 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 . +**/ +typedef struct { + uint8_t l; + uint8_t r; + uint8_t b; + uint16_t t; +} State; + + +#define opt_T(s) (0x1 & ((s->t >> 15) ^ (s->t >> 14)^ (s->t >> 10)^ (s->t >> 8)^ (s->t >> 5)^ (s->t >> 4)^ (s->t >> 1)^ s->t)) + +#define opt_B(s) (((s->b >> 6) ^ (s->b >> 5) ^ (s->b >> 4) ^ (s->b)) & 0x1) + +#define opt__select(x,y,r) (4 & (((r & (r << 2)) >> 5) ^ ((r & ~(r << 2)) >> 4) ^ ( (r | r << 2) >> 3)))\ + |(2 & (((r | r << 2) >> 6) ^ ( (r | r << 2) >> 1) ^ (r >> 5) ^ r ^ ((x^y) << 1)))\ + |(1 & (((r & ~(r << 2)) >> 4) ^ ((r & (r << 2)) >> 3) ^ r ^ x)) + +/* + * Some background on the expression above can be found here... +uint8_t xopt__select(bool x, bool y, uint8_t r) +{ + uint8_t r_ls2 = r << 2; + uint8_t r_and_ls2 = r & r_ls2; + uint8_t r_or_ls2 = r | r_ls2; + + //r: r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 + //r_ls2: r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 0 0 + // z0 + // z1 + +// uint8_t z0 = (r0 & r2) ^ (r1 & ~r3) ^ (r2 | r4); // <-- original + uint8_t z0 = (r_and_ls2 >> 5) ^ ((r & ~r_ls2) >> 4) ^ ( r_or_ls2 >> 3); + +// uint8_t z1 = (r0 | r2) ^ ( r5 | r7) ^ r1 ^ r6 ^ x ^ y; // <-- original + uint8_t z1 = (r_or_ls2 >> 6) ^ ( r_or_ls2 >> 1) ^ (r >> 5) ^ r ^ ((x^y) << 1); + +// uint8_t z2 = (r3 & ~r5) ^ (r4 & r6 ) ^ r7 ^ x; // <-- original + uint8_t z2 = ((r & ~r_ls2) >> 4) ^ (r_and_ls2 >> 3) ^ r ^ x; + + return (z0 & 4) | (z1 & 2) | (z2 & 1); +} +*/ + +void opt_successor(uint8_t* k, State *s, bool y, State* successor) +{ + + uint8_t Tt = 1 & opt_T(s); + + successor->t = (s->t >> 1); + successor->t |= (Tt ^ (s->r >> 7 & 0x1) ^ (s->r >> 3 & 0x1)) << 15; + + successor->b = s->b >> 1; + successor->b |= (opt_B(s) ^ (s->r & 0x1)) << 7; + + successor->r = (k[opt__select(Tt,y,s->r)] ^ successor->b) + s->l ; + successor->l = successor->r+s->r; + +} + +void opt_suc(uint8_t* k,State* s, uint8_t *in) +{ + State x2; + int i; + uint8_t head = 0; + for(i =0 ; i < 12 ; i++) + { + head = 1 & (in[i] >> 7); + opt_successor(k,s,head,&x2); + + head = 1 & (in[i] >> 6); + opt_successor(k,&x2,head,s); + + head = 1 & (in[i] >> 5); + opt_successor(k,s,head,&x2); + + head = 1 & (in[i] >> 4); + opt_successor(k,&x2,head,s); + + head = 1 & (in[i] >> 3); + opt_successor(k,s,head,&x2); + + head = 1 & (in[i] >> 2); + opt_successor(k,&x2,head,s); + + head = 1 & (in[i] >> 1); + opt_successor(k,s,head,&x2); + + head = 1 & in[i]; + opt_successor(k,&x2,head,s); + + } + +} + +void opt_output(uint8_t* k,State* s, uint8_t *buffer) +{ + uint8_t times = 0; + uint8_t bout = 0; + State temp = {0,0,0,0}; + for( ; times < 4 ; times++) + { + bout =0; + bout |= (s->r & 0x4) << 5; + opt_successor(k,s,0,&temp); + bout |= (temp.r & 0x4) << 4; + opt_successor(k,&temp,0,s); + bout |= (s->r & 0x4) << 3; + opt_successor(k,s,0,&temp); + bout |= (temp.r & 0x4) << 2; + opt_successor(k,&temp,0,s); + bout |= (s->r & 0x4) << 1; + opt_successor(k,s,0,&temp); + bout |= (temp.r & 0x4) ; + opt_successor(k,&temp,0,s); + bout |= (s->r & 0x4) >> 1; + opt_successor(k,s,0,&temp); + bout |= (temp.r & 0x4) >> 2; + opt_successor(k,&temp,0,s); + buffer[times] = bout; + } + +} + +void opt_MAC(uint8_t* k, uint8_t* input, uint8_t* out) +{ + State _init = { + ((k[0] ^ 0x4c) + 0xEC) & 0xFF,// l + ((k[0] ^ 0x4c) + 0x21) & 0xFF,// r + 0x4c, // b + 0xE012 // t + }; + + opt_suc(k,&_init,input); + //printf("\noutp "); + opt_output(k,&_init, out); +} +uint8_t rev_byte(uint8_t b) { + b = (b & 0xF0) >> 4 | (b & 0x0F) << 4; + b = (b & 0xCC) >> 2 | (b & 0x33) << 2; + b = (b & 0xAA) >> 1 | (b & 0x55) << 1; + return b; +} +void opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t *src, size_t len) +{ + uint8_t i; + for( i =0; i< len ; i++) + dest[i] = rev_byte(src[i]); +} + +void opt_doMAC(uint8_t *cc_nr_p, uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]) +{ + static uint8_t cc_nr[13]; + static uint8_t div_key[8]; + + opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(cc_nr, cc_nr_p,12); + memcpy(div_key,div_key_p,8); + uint8_t dest []= {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; + opt_MAC(div_key,cc_nr, dest); + //The output MAC must also be reversed + opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(mac, dest,12); + return; +} diff --git a/armsrc/optimized_cipher.h b/armsrc/optimized_cipher.h new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0f4f0ec2 --- /dev/null +++ b/armsrc/optimized_cipher.h @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +#ifndef OPTIMIZED_CIPHER_H +#define OPTIMIZED_CIPHER_H +#include +void opt_doMAC(uint8_t *cc_nr_p, uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]); +#endif // OPTIMIZED_CIPHER_H From 61fe90736be4400f09fb5f56e2de48d11a0ae0a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Martin Holst Swende Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2015 00:38:36 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 4/7] Implemented the correct way to calculate MAC from a tag, feeding it an extra 32 zeroes. Also divided it up into two parts, one of which can be precalculated by the device before the simulation begins --- armsrc/iclass.c | 25 ++++----- armsrc/optimized_cipher.c | 103 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- armsrc/optimized_cipher.h | 45 ++++++++++++++++- 3 files changed, 131 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-) diff --git a/armsrc/iclass.c b/armsrc/iclass.c index ca6d9a7e..f289d24e 100644 --- a/armsrc/iclass.c +++ b/armsrc/iclass.c @@ -1053,6 +1053,8 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory BigBuf_free_keep_EM(); + State cipher_state; +// State cipher_state_reserve; uint8_t *csn = BigBuf_get_EM_addr(); uint8_t *emulator = csn; uint8_t sof_data[] = { 0x0F} ; @@ -1069,12 +1071,18 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) ComputeCrc14443(CRC_ICLASS, anticoll_data, 8, &anticoll_data[8], &anticoll_data[9]); ComputeCrc14443(CRC_ICLASS, csn_data, 8, &csn_data[8], &csn_data[9]); + //The diversified key should be stored on block 3 + uint8_t diversified_key[8] = { 0 }; + //Get the diversified key from emulator memory + memcpy(diversified_key, emulator+(8*3),8); // e-Purse uint8_t card_challenge_data[8] = { 0x00 }; if(simulationMode == MODE_FULLSIM) { //Card challenge, a.k.a e-purse is on block 2 memcpy(card_challenge_data,emulator + (8 * 2) , 8); + //Precalculate the cipher state, feeding it the CC + opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data,diversified_key); } int exitLoop = 0; @@ -1200,21 +1208,10 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) } else if(receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_CHECK) { // Reader random and reader MAC!!! if(simulationMode == MODE_FULLSIM) - { //This is what we must do.. - //Reader just sent us NR and MAC(k,cc * nr) - //The diversified key should be stored on block 3 - //However, from a typical dump, the key will not be there - uint8_t diversified_key[8] = { 0 }; + { + //NR, from reader, is in receivedCmd +1 + opt_doTagMAC_2(cipher_state,receivedCmd+1,data_generic_trace,diversified_key); - //Get the diversified key from emulator memory - memcpy(diversified_key, emulator+(8*3),8); - uint8_t ccnr[12] = { 0 }; - //Put our cc there (block 2) - memcpy(ccnr, emulator + (8 * 2), 8); - //Put nr there - memcpy(ccnr+8, receivedCmd+1,4); - //Now, calc MAC - opt_doMAC(ccnr,diversified_key, data_generic_trace); trace_data = data_generic_trace; trace_data_size = 4; CodeIClassTagAnswer(trace_data , trace_data_size); diff --git a/armsrc/optimized_cipher.c b/armsrc/optimized_cipher.c index 067e9022..444b93d0 100644 --- a/armsrc/optimized_cipher.c +++ b/armsrc/optimized_cipher.c @@ -68,21 +68,6 @@ #include #include -/** -* Definition 1 (Cipher state). A cipher state of iClass s is an element of F 40/2 -* consisting of the following four components: -* 1. the left register l = (l 0 . . . l 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 ; -* 2. the right register r = (r 0 . . . r 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 ; -* 3. the top register t = (t 0 . . . t 15 ) ∈ F 16/2 . -* 4. the bottom register b = (b 0 . . . b 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 . -**/ -typedef struct { - uint8_t l; - uint8_t r; - uint8_t b; - uint16_t t; -} State; - #define opt_T(s) (0x1 & ((s->t >> 15) ^ (s->t >> 14)^ (s->t >> 10)^ (s->t >> 8)^ (s->t >> 5)^ (s->t >> 4)^ (s->t >> 1)^ s->t)) @@ -118,7 +103,7 @@ uint8_t xopt__select(bool x, bool y, uint8_t r) } */ -void opt_successor(uint8_t* k, State *s, bool y, State* successor) +void opt_successor(const uint8_t* k, State *s, bool y, State* successor) { uint8_t Tt = 1 & opt_T(s); @@ -134,12 +119,12 @@ void opt_successor(uint8_t* k, State *s, bool y, State* successor) } -void opt_suc(uint8_t* k,State* s, uint8_t *in) +void opt_suc(const uint8_t* k,State* s, uint8_t *in, uint8_t length, bool add32Zeroes) { State x2; int i; uint8_t head = 0; - for(i =0 ; i < 12 ; i++) + for(i =0 ; i < length ; i++) { head = 1 & (in[i] >> 7); opt_successor(k,s,head,&x2); @@ -166,10 +151,16 @@ void opt_suc(uint8_t* k,State* s, uint8_t *in) opt_successor(k,&x2,head,s); } - + //For tag MAC, an additional 32 zeroes + if(add32Zeroes) + for(i =0 ; i < 16 ; i++) + { + opt_successor(k,s,0,&x2); + opt_successor(k,&x2,0,s); + } } -void opt_output(uint8_t* k,State* s, uint8_t *buffer) +void opt_output(const uint8_t* k,State* s, uint8_t *buffer) { uint8_t times = 0; uint8_t bout = 0; @@ -207,7 +198,7 @@ void opt_MAC(uint8_t* k, uint8_t* input, uint8_t* out) 0xE012 // t }; - opt_suc(k,&_init,input); + opt_suc(k,&_init,input,12, false); //printf("\noutp "); opt_output(k,&_init, out); } @@ -224,16 +215,74 @@ void opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t *src, size_t len) dest[i] = rev_byte(src[i]); } -void opt_doMAC(uint8_t *cc_nr_p, uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]) +void opt_doReaderMAC(uint8_t *cc_nr_p, uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]) { - static uint8_t cc_nr[13]; - static uint8_t div_key[8]; + static uint8_t cc_nr[12]; opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(cc_nr, cc_nr_p,12); - memcpy(div_key,div_key_p,8); uint8_t dest []= {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; - opt_MAC(div_key,cc_nr, dest); + opt_MAC(div_key_p,cc_nr, dest); //The output MAC must also be reversed - opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(mac, dest,12); + opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(mac, dest,4); + return; +} +void opt_doTagMAC(uint8_t *cc_p, const uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]) +{ + static uint8_t cc_nr[8+4+4]; + opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(cc_nr, cc_p,12); + State _init = { + ((div_key_p[0] ^ 0x4c) + 0xEC) & 0xFF,// l + ((div_key_p[0] ^ 0x4c) + 0x21) & 0xFF,// r + 0x4c, // b + 0xE012 // t + }; + opt_suc(div_key_p,&_init,cc_nr, 12,true); + uint8_t dest []= {0,0,0,0}; + opt_output(div_key_p,&_init, dest); + //The output MAC must also be reversed + opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(mac, dest,4); + return; + +} +/** + * The tag MAC can be divided (both can, but no point in dividing the reader mac) into + * two functions, since the first 8 bytes are known, we can pre-calculate the state + * reached after feeding CC to the cipher. + * @param cc_p + * @param div_key_p + * @return the cipher state + */ +State opt_doTagMAC_1(uint8_t *cc_p, const uint8_t *div_key_p) +{ + static uint8_t cc_nr[8]; + opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(cc_nr, cc_p,8); + State _init = { + ((div_key_p[0] ^ 0x4c) + 0xEC) & 0xFF,// l + ((div_key_p[0] ^ 0x4c) + 0x21) & 0xFF,// r + 0x4c, // b + 0xE012 // t + }; + opt_suc(div_key_p,&_init,cc_nr, 8,false); + return _init; +} +/** + * The second part of the tag MAC calculation, since the CC is already calculated into the state, + * this function is fed only the NR, and internally feeds the remaining 32 0-bits to generate the tag + * MAC response. + * @param _init - precalculated cipher state + * @param nr - the reader challenge + * @param mac - where to store the MAC + * @param div_key_p - the key to use + */ +void opt_doTagMAC_2(State _init, uint8_t* nr, uint8_t mac[4], const uint8_t* div_key_p) +{ + static uint8_t _nr [4]; + opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(_nr, nr, 4); + opt_suc(div_key_p,&_init,_nr, 4, true); + //opt_suc(div_key_p,&_init,nr, 4, false); + uint8_t dest []= {0,0,0,0}; + opt_output(div_key_p,&_init, dest); + //The output MAC must also be reversed + opt_reverse_arraybytecpy(mac, dest,4); return; } diff --git a/armsrc/optimized_cipher.h b/armsrc/optimized_cipher.h index 0f4f0ec2..c10aea28 100644 --- a/armsrc/optimized_cipher.h +++ b/armsrc/optimized_cipher.h @@ -1,5 +1,48 @@ #ifndef OPTIMIZED_CIPHER_H #define OPTIMIZED_CIPHER_H #include -void opt_doMAC(uint8_t *cc_nr_p, uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]); + +/** +* Definition 1 (Cipher state). A cipher state of iClass s is an element of F 40/2 +* consisting of the following four components: +* 1. the left register l = (l 0 . . . l 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 ; +* 2. the right register r = (r 0 . . . r 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 ; +* 3. the top register t = (t 0 . . . t 15 ) ∈ F 16/2 . +* 4. the bottom register b = (b 0 . . . b 7 ) ∈ F 8/2 . +**/ +typedef struct { + uint8_t l; + uint8_t r; + uint8_t b; + uint16_t t; +} State; + +/** The reader MAC is MAC(key, CC * NR ) + **/ +void opt_doReaderMAC(uint8_t *cc_nr_p, uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]); +/** + * The tag MAC is MAC(key, CC * NR * 32x0)) + */ +void opt_doTagMAC(uint8_t *cc_p, const uint8_t *div_key_p, uint8_t mac[4]); + +/** + * The tag MAC can be divided (both can, but no point in dividing the reader mac) into + * two functions, since the first 8 bytes are known, we can pre-calculate the state + * reached after feeding CC to the cipher. + * @param cc_p + * @param div_key_p + * @return the cipher state + */ +State opt_doTagMAC_1(uint8_t *cc_p, const uint8_t *div_key_p); +/** + * The second part of the tag MAC calculation, since the CC is already calculated into the state, + * this function is fed only the NR, and internally feeds the remaining 32 0-bits to generate the tag + * MAC response. + * @param _init - precalculated cipher state + * @param nr - the reader challenge + * @param mac - where to store the MAC + * @param div_key_p - the key to use + */ +void opt_doTagMAC_2(State _init, uint8_t* nr, uint8_t mac[4], const uint8_t* div_key_p); + #endif // OPTIMIZED_CIPHER_H From e5cd4ee4b4265bebaaece7091fb5784e7c5a92e7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Martin Holst Swende Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2015 20:14:35 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 5/7] Tag MAC finally works! (Full sim not yet, though) --- armsrc/iclass.c | 17 ++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/armsrc/iclass.c b/armsrc/iclass.c index f289d24e..4d847909 100644 --- a/armsrc/iclass.c +++ b/armsrc/iclass.c @@ -1071,18 +1071,20 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) ComputeCrc14443(CRC_ICLASS, anticoll_data, 8, &anticoll_data[8], &anticoll_data[9]); ComputeCrc14443(CRC_ICLASS, csn_data, 8, &csn_data[8], &csn_data[9]); - //The diversified key should be stored on block 3 uint8_t diversified_key[8] = { 0 }; - //Get the diversified key from emulator memory - memcpy(diversified_key, emulator+(8*3),8); // e-Purse uint8_t card_challenge_data[8] = { 0x00 }; if(simulationMode == MODE_FULLSIM) { + //The diversified key should be stored on block 3 + //Get the diversified key from emulator memory + memcpy(diversified_key, emulator+(8*3),8); + //Card challenge, a.k.a e-purse is on block 2 memcpy(card_challenge_data,emulator + (8 * 2) , 8); //Precalculate the cipher state, feeding it the CC - opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data,diversified_key); + cipher_state = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data,diversified_key); + } int exitLoop = 0; @@ -1164,9 +1166,9 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) LED_A_ON(); bool buttonPressed = false; - + uint8_t response_delay = 1; while(!exitLoop) { - + response_delay = 1; LED_B_OFF(); //Signal tracer // Can be used to get a trigger for an oscilloscope.. @@ -1218,6 +1220,7 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) memcpy(data_response, ToSend, ToSendMax); modulated_response = data_response; modulated_response_size = ToSendMax; + response_delay = 0;//We need to hurry here... //exitLoop = true; }else { //Not fullsim, we don't respond @@ -1288,7 +1291,7 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) A legit tag has about 380us delay between reader EOT and tag SOF. **/ if(modulated_response_size > 0) { - SendIClassAnswer(modulated_response, modulated_response_size, 1); + SendIClassAnswer(modulated_response, modulated_response_size, response_delay); t2r_time = GetCountSspClk(); } From 27eabcdccb0179e8ab003e496a46fb1621f08701 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Martin Holst Swende Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2015 21:05:44 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 6/7] Added brackets around crc field in protocol listings --- client/cmdhf.c | 67 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------- 1 file changed, 38 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-) diff --git a/client/cmdhf.c b/client/cmdhf.c index d279c9e6..074a37e2 100644 --- a/client/cmdhf.c +++ b/client/cmdhf.c @@ -288,35 +288,7 @@ uint16_t printTraceLine(uint16_t tracepos, uint16_t traceLen, uint8_t *trace, ui uint8_t *parityBytes = trace + tracepos; tracepos += parity_len; - - //--- Draw the data column - //char line[16][110]; - char line[16][110]; - - for (int j = 0; j < data_len && j/16 < 16; j++) { - - int oddparity = 0x01; - int k; - - for (k=0 ; k<8 ; k++) { - oddparity ^= (((frame[j] & 0xFF) >> k) & 0x01); - } - - uint8_t parityBits = parityBytes[j>>3]; - if (isResponse && (oddparity != ((parityBits >> (7-(j&0x0007))) & 0x01))) { - snprintf(line[j/16]+(( j % 16) * 4),110, "%02x! ", frame[j]); - - } else { - snprintf(line[j/16]+(( j % 16) * 4),110, "%02x ", frame[j]); - } - } - if(data_len == 0) - { - if(data_len == 0){ - sprintf(line[0],""); - } - } - //--- Draw the CRC column + //Check the CRC status uint8_t crcStatus = 2; if (data_len > 2) { @@ -344,6 +316,43 @@ uint16_t printTraceLine(uint16_t tracepos, uint16_t traceLen, uint8_t *trace, ui //0 CRC-command, CRC not ok //1 CRC-command, CRC ok //2 Not crc-command + + //--- Draw the data column + //char line[16][110]; + char line[16][110]; + + for (int j = 0; j < data_len && j/16 < 16; j++) { + + int oddparity = 0x01; + int k; + + for (k=0 ; k<8 ; k++) { + oddparity ^= (((frame[j] & 0xFF) >> k) & 0x01); + } + uint8_t parityBits = parityBytes[j>>3]; + if (isResponse && (oddparity != ((parityBits >> (7-(j&0x0007))) & 0x01))) { + snprintf(line[j/16]+(( j % 16) * 4),110, "%02x! ", frame[j]); + + } else { + snprintf(line[j/16]+(( j % 16) * 4),110, "%02x ", frame[j]); + } + + } + if(crcStatus == 1) + {//CRC-command + char *pos1 = line[(data_len-2)/16]+(((data_len-2) % 16) * 4)-1; + (*pos1) = '['; + char *pos2 = line[(data_len)/16]+(((data_len) % 16) * 4)-2; + (*pos2) = ']'; + } + if(data_len == 0) + { + if(data_len == 0){ + sprintf(line[0],""); + } + } + //--- Draw the CRC column + char *crc = (crcStatus == 0 ? "!crc" : (crcStatus == 1 ? " ok " : " ")); EndOfTransmissionTimestamp = timestamp + duration; From c8387e85e39182527d30317efa127642ddfe5d79 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Martin Holst Swende Date: Mon, 2 Mar 2015 21:30:22 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 7/7] iClass full simulation of tags now officially works, with some cheating regarding reader update and write commands --- armsrc/iclass.c | 36 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----- 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/armsrc/iclass.c b/armsrc/iclass.c index 4d847909..260e6a60 100644 --- a/armsrc/iclass.c +++ b/armsrc/iclass.c @@ -1042,6 +1042,10 @@ void SimulateIClass(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datain Dbprintf("Done..."); } +void AppendCrc(uint8_t* data, int len) +{ + ComputeCrc14443(CRC_ICLASS,data,len,data+len,data+len+1); +} /** * @brief Does the actual simulation @@ -1144,9 +1148,11 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) memcpy(resp_cc, ToSend, ToSendMax); resp_cc_len = ToSendMax; //This is used for responding to READ-block commands or other data which is dynamically generated - uint8_t *data_response = BigBuf_malloc(8 * 2 + 2); - //This is used for responding to READ-block commands or other data which is dynamically generated - uint8_t *data_generic_trace = BigBuf_malloc(8 * 2 + 2); + //First the 'trace'-data, not encoded for FPGA + uint8_t *data_generic_trace = BigBuf_malloc(8 + 2);//8 bytes data + 2byte CRC is max tag answer + //Then storage for the modulated data + //Each bit is doubled when modulated for FPGA, and we also have SOF and EOF (2 bytes) + uint8_t *data_response = BigBuf_malloc( (8+2) * 2 + 2); // Start from off (no field generated) //FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); @@ -1252,8 +1258,28 @@ int doIClassSimulation( int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) } else if(simulationMode == MODE_FULLSIM && receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READ_OR_IDENTIFY && len == 4){ //Read block uint16_t blk = receivedCmd[1]; - trace_data = emulator+(blk << 3); - trace_data_size = 8; + //Take the data... + memcpy(data_generic_trace, emulator+(blk << 3),8); + //Add crc + AppendCrc(data_generic_trace, 8); + trace_data = data_generic_trace; + trace_data_size = 10; + CodeIClassTagAnswer(trace_data , trace_data_size); + memcpy(data_response, ToSend, ToSendMax); + modulated_response = data_response; + modulated_response_size = ToSendMax; + }else if(receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_UPDATE && simulationMode == MODE_FULLSIM) + {//Probably the reader wants to update the nonce. Let's just ignore that for now. + // OBS! If this is implemented, don't forget to regenerate the cipher_state + //We're expected to respond with the data+crc, exactly what's already in the receivedcmd + //receivedcmd is now UPDATE 1b | ADDRESS 1b| DATA 8b| Signature 4b or CRC 2b| + + //Take the data... + memcpy(data_generic_trace, receivedCmd+2,8); + //Add crc + AppendCrc(data_generic_trace, 8); + trace_data = data_generic_trace; + trace_data_size = 10; CodeIClassTagAnswer(trace_data , trace_data_size); memcpy(data_response, ToSend, ToSendMax); modulated_response = data_response;