proxmark3/client/cmdhfmfu.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Ultralight Code (c) 2013,2014 Midnitesnake & Andy Davies of Pentura
// 2015,2016,2017 Iceman, Marshmellow
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// High frequency MIFARE ULTRALIGHT (C) commands
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "cmdhfmfu.h"

#define MAX_UL_BLOCKS		0x0F
#define MAX_ULC_BLOCKS		0x2B
#define MAX_ULEV1a_BLOCKS	0x13
#define MAX_ULEV1b_BLOCKS	0x28
#define MAX_NTAG_203		0x29
#define MAX_NTAG_210		0x13
#define MAX_NTAG_212		0x28
#define MAX_NTAG_213		0x2C
#define MAX_NTAG_215		0x86
#define MAX_NTAG_216		0xE6
#define MAX_MY_D_NFC		0xFF
#define MAX_MY_D_MOVE		0x25
#define MAX_MY_D_MOVE_LEAN	0x0F
#define MAX_UL_NANO_40		0x0A

static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);

#define PUBLIC_ECDA_KEYLEN 33
uint8_t public_ecda_key[PUBLIC_ECDA_KEYLEN] = {
		0x04, 0x49, 0x4e, 0x1a, 0x38, 0x6d, 0x3d, 0x3c,
		0xfe, 0x3d, 0xc1, 0x0e, 0x5d, 0xe6, 0x8a, 0x49,
		0x9b, 0x1c, 0x20, 0x2d, 0xb5, 0xb1, 0x32, 0x39,
		0x3e, 0x89, 0xed, 0x19, 0xfe, 0x5b, 0xe8, 0xbc,
		0x61
};

#define KEYS_3DES_COUNT 7
uint8_t default_3des_keys[KEYS_3DES_COUNT][16] = {
		{ 0x42,0x52,0x45,0x41,0x4b,0x4d,0x45,0x49,0x46,0x59,0x4f,0x55,0x43,0x41,0x4e,0x21 },// 3des std key
		{ 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 },// all zeroes
		{ 0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x08,0x09,0x0a,0x0b,0x0c,0x0d,0x0e,0x0f },// 0x00-0x0F
		{ 0x49,0x45,0x4D,0x4B,0x41,0x45,0x52,0x42,0x21,0x4E,0x41,0x43,0x55,0x4F,0x59,0x46 },// NFC-key
		{ 0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01 },// all ones
		{ 0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF },// all FF
		{ 0x00,0x11,0x22,0x33,0x44,0x55,0x66,0x77,0x88,0x99,0xAA,0xBB,0xCC,0xDD,0xEE,0xFF }	// 11 22 33
};

#define KEYS_PWD_COUNT 1
uint8_t default_pwd_pack[KEYS_PWD_COUNT][4] = {
	{0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF}, // PACK 0x00,0x00 -- factory default
};

#define MAX_UL_TYPES 22
uint32_t UL_TYPES_ARRAY[MAX_UL_TYPES] = {
		UNKNOWN, UL, UL_C, 
		UL_EV1_48, UL_EV1_128, NTAG,
		NTAG_203, NTAG_210, NTAG_212,
		NTAG_213, NTAG_215, NTAG_216,
		MY_D, MY_D_NFC, MY_D_MOVE,
		MY_D_MOVE_NFC, MY_D_MOVE_LEAN, FUDAN_UL,
		UL_EV1, NTAG_213_F, NTAG_216_F, UL_NANO_40
	};

uint8_t UL_MEMORY_ARRAY[MAX_UL_TYPES] = {
		MAX_UL_BLOCKS, MAX_UL_BLOCKS, MAX_ULC_BLOCKS,
		MAX_ULEV1a_BLOCKS, MAX_ULEV1b_BLOCKS, MAX_NTAG_203,
		MAX_NTAG_203, MAX_NTAG_210, MAX_NTAG_212,
		MAX_NTAG_213, MAX_NTAG_215, MAX_NTAG_216, 
		MAX_UL_BLOCKS, MAX_MY_D_NFC, MAX_MY_D_MOVE,
		MAX_MY_D_MOVE, MAX_MY_D_MOVE_LEAN, MAX_UL_BLOCKS,
		MAX_ULEV1a_BLOCKS, MAX_NTAG_213, MAX_NTAG_216, MAX_UL_NANO_40
	};

//------------------------------------
// Pwd & Pack generation Stuff
//------------------------------------
const uint32_t c_D[] = { 
	0x6D835AFC, 0x7D15CD97, 0x0942B409, 0x32F9C923, 0xA811FB02, 0x64F121E8, 
	0xD1CC8B4E, 0xE8873E6F, 0x61399BBB, 0xF1B91926, 0xAC661520, 0xA21A31C9, 
	0xD424808D, 0xFE118E07, 0xD18E728D, 0xABAC9E17, 0x18066433, 0x00E18E79, 
	0x65A77305, 0x5AE9E297, 0x11FC628C, 0x7BB3431F, 0x942A8308, 0xB2F8FD20, 
	0x5728B869, 0x30726D5A
};		

void transform_D(uint8_t* ru) {
	//Transform
	uint8_t i;
	uint8_t p = 0;
	uint32_t v1 = ((ru[3] << 24) | (ru[2] << 16) | (ru[1] << 8) | ru[0]) + c_D[p++];
	uint32_t v2 = ((ru[7] << 24) | (ru[6] << 16) | (ru[5] << 8) | ru[4]) + c_D[p++];
	for (i = 0; i < 12; i += 2)
	{
		uint32_t t1 = ROTL(v1 ^ v2, v2 & 0x1F) + c_D[p++];
		uint32_t t2 = ROTL(v2 ^ t1, t1 & 0x1F) + c_D[p++];
		v1 = ROTL(t1 ^ t2, t2 & 0x1F) + c_D[p++];
		v2 = ROTL(t2 ^ v1, v1 & 0x1F) + c_D[p++];
	}

	//Re-use ru
	ru[0] = v1 & 0xFF;
	ru[1] = (v1 >> 8) & 0xFF;
	ru[2] = (v1 >> 16) & 0xFF;
	ru[3] = (v1 >> 24) & 0xFF;
	ru[4] = v2 & 0xFF;
	ru[5] = (v2 >> 8) & 0xFF;
	ru[6] = (v2 >> 16) & 0xFF;
	ru[7] = (v2 >> 24) & 0xFF;
}
		
// Certain pwd generation algo nickname A.
uint32_t ul_ev1_pwdgenA(uint8_t* uid) { 

	uint8_t pos = (uid[3] ^ uid[4] ^ uid[5] ^ uid[6]) % 32;
	
	uint32_t xortable[] = {
						0x4f2711c1, 0x07D7BB83, 0x9636EF07, 0xB5F4460E, 0xF271141C, 0x7D7BB038, 0x636EF871, 0x5F4468E3,
						0x271149C7, 0xD7BB0B8F, 0x36EF8F1E, 0xF446863D, 0x7114947A, 0x7BB0B0F5, 0x6EF8F9EB, 0x44686BD7,
						0x11494fAF, 0xBB0B075F, 0xEF8F96BE, 0x4686B57C, 0x1494F2F9, 0xB0B07DF3, 0xF8F963E6, 0x686B5FCC,
						0x494F2799, 0x0B07D733, 0x8F963667, 0x86B5F4CE, 0x94F2719C, 0xB07D7B38, 0xF9636E70, 0x6B5F44E0
						};

	uint8_t entry[] = {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00};
	uint8_t pwd[] = {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00};
	
	num_to_bytes( xortable[pos], 4, entry);

	pwd[0] = entry[0] ^ uid[1] ^ uid[2] ^ uid[3];
	pwd[1] = entry[1] ^ uid[0] ^ uid[2] ^ uid[4];
	pwd[2] = entry[2] ^ uid[0] ^ uid[1] ^ uid[5];
	pwd[3] = entry[3] ^ uid[6];

	return (uint32_t)bytes_to_num(pwd, 4);
}

// Certain pwd generation algo nickname B. (very simple)
uint32_t ul_ev1_pwdgenB(uint8_t* uid) {

	uint8_t pwd[] = {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00};
	
	pwd[0] = uid[1] ^ uid[3] ^ 0xAA;
	pwd[1] = uid[2] ^ uid[4] ^ 0x55;
	pwd[2] = uid[3] ^ uid[5] ^ 0xAA;
	pwd[3] = uid[4] ^ uid[6] ^ 0x55;
	return (uint32_t)bytes_to_num(pwd, 4);
}

// Certain pwd generation algo nickname C.
uint32_t ul_ev1_pwdgenC(uint8_t* uid){
	uint32_t pwd = 0;
	uint8_t base[] = {
		0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x28,
		0x63, 0x29, 0x20, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x70, 0x79, 0x72,
		0x69, 0x67, 0x68, 0x74, 0x20, 0x4c, 0x45, 0x47,
		0x4f, 0x20, 0x32, 0x30, 0x31, 0x34, 0xaa, 0xaa
	};

	memcpy(base, uid, 7);

	for (int i = 0; i < 32; i += 4) {
		uint32_t b = *(uint32_t *)(base + i);
		pwd = b + ROTR(pwd, 25) + ROTR(pwd, 10) - pwd;
	}
	return BSWAP_32(pwd);
}
// Certain pwd generation algo nickname D. 
// a.k.a xzy 
uint32_t ul_ev1_pwdgenD(uint8_t* uid){
	uint8_t i;
	//Rotate
	uint8_t r = (uid[1] + uid[3] + uid[5]) & 7; //Rotation offset
	uint8_t ru[8] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; //Rotated UID
	for (i = 0; i < 7; i++)
		ru[(i + r) & 7] = uid[i];
	
	transform_D(ru);
	
	//Calc key
	uint32_t pwd = 0; //Key as int
	r = (ru[0] + ru[2] + ru[4] + ru[6]) & 3; //Offset
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
		pwd = ru[i + r] + (pwd << 8);

	return BSWAP_32(pwd);
}
// pack generation for algo 1-3
uint16_t ul_ev1_packgenA(uint8_t* uid){
	uint16_t pack = (uid[0] ^ uid[1] ^ uid[2]) << 8 | (uid[2] ^ 8);
	return pack;
}
uint16_t ul_ev1_packgenB(uint8_t* uid){
	return 0x8080;
}
uint16_t ul_ev1_packgenC(uint8_t* uid){
	return 0xaa55;
}
uint16_t ul_ev1_packgenD(uint8_t* uid){
	uint8_t i;
	//Rotate
	uint8_t r = (uid[2] + uid[5]) & 7; //Rotation offset
	uint8_t ru[8] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; //Rotated UID
	for (i = 0; i < 7; i++)
		ru[(i + r) & 7] = uid[i];
	
	transform_D(ru);
	
	//Calc pack
	uint32_t p = 0;	
	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
		p += ru[i] * 13;

	p ^= 0x5555;
	return BSWAP_16( p & 0xFFFF );
}

int ul_ev1_pwdgen_selftest(){
	
	uint8_t uid1[] = {0x04, 0x11, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x11, 0x10};
	uint32_t pwd1 = ul_ev1_pwdgenA(uid1);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "UID | %s | %08X | %s", sprint_hex(uid1,7), pwd1, (pwd1 == 0x8432EB17)?"OK":"->8432EB17<-");

	uint8_t uid2[] = {0x04, 0x1f, 0x98, 0xea, 0x1e, 0x3e, 0x81};		
	uint32_t pwd2 = ul_ev1_pwdgenB(uid2);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "UID | %s | %08X | %s", sprint_hex(uid2,7), pwd2, (pwd2 == 0x5fd37eca)?"OK":"->5fd37eca<--");

	uint8_t uid3[] = {0x04, 0x62, 0xB6, 0x8A, 0xB4, 0x42, 0x80};
	uint32_t pwd3 = ul_ev1_pwdgenC(uid3);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "UID | %s | %08X | %s", sprint_hex(uid3,7), pwd3, (pwd3 == 0x5a349515)?"OK":"->5a349515<--");

	uint8_t uid4[] = {0x04, 0xC5, 0xDF, 0x4A, 0x6D, 0x51, 0x80};
	uint32_t pwd4 = ul_ev1_pwdgenD(uid4);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "UID | %s | %08X | %s", sprint_hex(uid4,7), pwd4, (pwd4 == 0x72B1EC61)?"OK":"->72B1EC61<--");
	return 0;
}

//------------------------------------
// get version nxp product type 
char *getProductTypeStr( uint8_t id){

	static char buf[20];
	char *retStr = buf;

	switch(id) {
		case 3: sprintf(retStr, "%02X, Ultralight", id); break;
		case 4:	sprintf(retStr, "%02X, NTAG", id); break;
		default: sprintf(retStr, "%02X, unknown", id); break;
	}
	return buf;
}

/*
  The 7 MSBits (=n) code the storage size itself based on 2^n, 
  the LSBit is set to '0' if the size is exactly 2^n
  and set to '1' if the storage size is between 2^n and 2^(n+1). 
*/
char *getUlev1CardSizeStr( uint8_t fsize ){

	static char buf[40];
	char *retStr = buf;
	memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));

	uint16_t usize = 1 << ((fsize >>1) + 1);
	uint16_t lsize = 1 << (fsize >>1);

	// is  LSB set?
	if (  fsize & 1 )
		sprintf(retStr, "%02X, (%u <-> %u bytes)",fsize, usize, lsize);
	else 
		sprintf(retStr, "%02X, (%u bytes)", fsize, lsize);		
	return buf;
}

static void ul_switch_on_field(void) {
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_CONNECT | ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT | ISO14A_NO_RATS, 0, 0}};
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
}

static int ul_send_cmd_raw( uint8_t *cmd, uint8_t cmdlen, uint8_t *response, uint16_t responseLength ) {
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_RAW | ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT | ISO14A_APPEND_CRC | ISO14A_NO_RATS, cmdlen, 0}};
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, cmd, cmdlen);
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500)) return -1;
	if (!resp.arg[0] && responseLength) return -1;

	uint16_t resplen = (resp.arg[0] < responseLength) ? resp.arg[0] : responseLength;
	memcpy(response, resp.d.asBytes, resplen);
	return resplen;
}

static int ul_select( iso14a_card_select_t *card ){

	ul_switch_on_field();

	UsbCommand resp;
	bool ans = false;
	ans = WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500);
	
	if (!ans || resp.arg[0] < 1) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "iso14443a card select failed");
		DropField();
		return 0;
	}

	memcpy(card, resp.d.asBytes, sizeof(iso14a_card_select_t));
	return 1;
}

// This read command will at least return 16bytes.
static int ul_read( uint8_t page, uint8_t *response, uint16_t responseLength ){

	uint8_t cmd[] = {ISO14443A_CMD_READBLOCK, page};
	int len = ul_send_cmd_raw(cmd, sizeof(cmd), response, responseLength);
	return len;
}

static int ul_comp_write( uint8_t page, uint8_t *data, uint8_t datalen ){

	uint8_t cmd[18];
	memset(cmd, 0x00, sizeof(cmd));
	datalen = ( datalen > 16) ? 16 : datalen;

	cmd[0] = ISO14443A_CMD_WRITEBLOCK;
	cmd[1] = page;
	memcpy(cmd+2, data, datalen);

	uint8_t response[1] = {0xff};
	ul_send_cmd_raw(cmd, 2+datalen, response, sizeof(response));
	// ACK
	if ( response[0] == 0x0a ) return 0;
	// NACK
	return -1;
}

static int ulc_requestAuthentication( uint8_t *nonce, uint16_t nonceLength ){

	uint8_t cmd[] = {MIFARE_ULC_AUTH_1, 0x00};
	int len = ul_send_cmd_raw(cmd, sizeof(cmd), nonce, nonceLength);
	return len;
}

static int ulc_authentication( uint8_t *key, bool switch_off_field ){

	UsbCommand c = {CMD_MIFAREUC_AUTH, {switch_off_field}};
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, key, 16);
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	if ( !WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500) ) return 0;
	if ( resp.arg[0] == 1 ) return 1;

	return 0;
}

static int ulev1_requestAuthentication( uint8_t *pwd, uint8_t *pack, uint16_t packLength ){

	uint8_t cmd[] = {MIFARE_ULEV1_AUTH, pwd[0], pwd[1], pwd[2], pwd[3]};
	int len = ul_send_cmd_raw(cmd, sizeof(cmd), pack, packLength);
	// NACK tables different tags,  but between 0-9 is a NEGATIVE response.
	// ACK == 0xA
	if ( len == 1 && pack[0] <= 0x09 ) 
		return -1;
	return len;
}

static int ul_auth_select( iso14a_card_select_t *card, TagTypeUL_t tagtype, bool hasAuthKey, uint8_t *authkey, uint8_t *pack, uint8_t packSize){
	if ( hasAuthKey && (tagtype & UL_C)) {
		//will select card automatically and close connection on error
		if (!ulc_authentication(authkey, false)) {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Authentication Failed UL-C");
			return 0;
		}
	} else {
		if ( !ul_select(card) ) return 0;

		if (hasAuthKey) {
			if ( ulev1_requestAuthentication(authkey, pack, packSize) == -1 ) {
				DropField();
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Authentication Failed UL-EV1/NTAG");
				return 0;
			}
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

static int ulev1_getVersion( uint8_t *response, uint16_t responseLength ){
	uint8_t cmd[] = {MIFARE_ULEV1_VERSION};	
	int len = ul_send_cmd_raw(cmd, sizeof(cmd), response, responseLength);
	return len;
}

static int ulev1_readCounter( uint8_t counter, uint8_t *response, uint16_t responseLength ){

	uint8_t cmd[] = {MIFARE_ULEV1_READ_CNT, counter};
	int len = ul_send_cmd_raw(cmd, sizeof(cmd), response, responseLength);
	return len;
}

static int ulev1_readTearing( uint8_t counter, uint8_t *response, uint16_t responseLength ){

	uint8_t cmd[] = {MIFARE_ULEV1_CHECKTEAR, counter};
	int len = ul_send_cmd_raw(cmd, sizeof(cmd), response, responseLength);
	return len;
}

static int ulev1_readSignature( uint8_t *response, uint16_t responseLength ){

	uint8_t cmd[] = {MIFARE_ULEV1_READSIG, 0x00};
	int len = ul_send_cmd_raw(cmd, sizeof(cmd), response, responseLength);
	return len;
}

// Fudan check checks for which error is given for a command with incorrect crc
// NXP UL chip responds with 01, fudan 00.
// other possible checks:
//  send a0 + crc 
//  UL responds with 00, fudan doesn't respond
//  or
//  send a200 + crc
//  UL doesn't respond, fudan responds with 00
//  or
//  send 300000 + crc (read with extra byte(s))
//  UL responds with read of page 0, fudan doesn't respond.
//
// make sure field is off before calling this function
static int ul_fudan_check( void ){
	iso14a_card_select_t card;
	if ( !ul_select(&card) ) 
		return UL_ERROR;

	UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_RAW | ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT | ISO14A_NO_RATS, 4, 0}};

	uint8_t cmd[4] = {0x30,0x00,0x02,0xa7}; //wrong crc on purpose  should be 0xa8
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, cmd, 4);
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500)) return UL_ERROR;
	if (resp.arg[0] != 1) return UL_ERROR;

	return (!resp.d.asBytes[0]) ? FUDAN_UL : UL; //if response == 0x00 then Fudan, else Genuine NXP
}

static int ul_print_default( uint8_t *data){

	uint8_t uid[7];
	uid[0] = data[0];
	uid[1] = data[1];
	uid[2] = data[2];
	uid[3] = data[4];
	uid[4] = data[5];
	uid[5] = data[6];
	uid[6] = data[7];

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       UID : %s ", sprint_hex(uid, 7));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    UID[0] : %02X, %s",  uid[0], getTagInfo(uid[0]) );
	if ( uid[0] == 0x05 && ((uid[1] & 0xf0) >> 4) == 2 ) { // is infineon and 66RxxP
		uint8_t chip = (data[8] & 0xC7); // 11000111  mask, bit 3,4,5 RFU
		switch (chip){
			case 0xc2: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "   IC type : SLE 66R04P 770 Bytes"); break; //77 pages
			case 0xc4: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "   IC type : SLE 66R16P 2560 Bytes"); break; //256 pages
			case 0xc6: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "   IC type : SLE 66R32P 5120 Bytes"); break; //512 pages /2 sectors
		}
	}
	// CT (cascade tag byte) 0x88 xor SN0 xor SN1 xor SN2 
	int crc0 = 0x88 ^ data[0] ^ data[1] ^data[2];
	if ( data[3] == crc0 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      BCC0 : %02X, Ok", data[3]);
	else
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      BCC0 : %02X, crc should be %02X", data[3], crc0);

	int crc1 = data[4] ^ data[5] ^ data[6] ^data[7];
	if ( data[8] == crc1 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      BCC1 : %02X, Ok", data[8]);
	else
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      BCC1 : %02X, crc should be %02X", data[8], crc1 );

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  Internal : %02X, %sdefault", data[9], (data[9]==0x48)?"":"not " );

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      Lock : %s - %s",
				sprint_hex(data+10, 2),
				sprint_bin(data+10, 2)
		);

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "OneTimePad : %s - %s\n",
				sprint_hex(data + 12, 4),
				sprint_bin(data+12, 4)
		);

	return 0;
}

static int ndef_print_CC(uint8_t *data) {
	// no NDEF message
	if (data[0] != 0xE1)
		return -1;

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "--- NDEF Message");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Capability Container: %s", sprint_hex(data,4) );
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  %02X : NDEF Magic Number", data[0]); 
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  %02X : version %d.%d supported by tag", data[1], (data[1] & 0xF0) >> 4, data[1] & 0x0F);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  %02X : Physical Memory Size: %d bytes", data[2], (data[2] + 1) * 8);
	if ( data[2] == 0x96 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  %02X : NDEF Memory Size: %d bytes", data[2], 48);
	else if ( data[2] == 0x12 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  %02X : NDEF Memory Size: %d bytes", data[2], 144);
	else if ( data[2] == 0x3E )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  %02X : NDEF Memory Size: %d bytes", data[2], 496);
	else if ( data[2] == 0x6D )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  %02X : NDEF Memory Size: %d bytes", data[2], 872);

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  %02X : %s / %s", data[3], 
				(data[3] & 0xF0) ? "(RFU)" : "Read access granted without any security", 
				(data[3] & 0x0F)==0 ? "Write access granted without any security" : (data[3] & 0x0F)==0x0F ? "No write access granted at all" : "(RFU)");
	return 0;
}

int ul_print_type(uint32_t tagtype, uint8_t spaces){
	char spc[11] = "          ";
	spc[10]=0x00;
	char *spacer = spc + (10-spaces);

	if ( tagtype & UL )	
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : MIFARE Ultralight (MF0ICU1) %s", spacer, (tagtype & MAGIC) ? "<magic>" : "" );
	else if ( tagtype & UL_C)
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : MIFARE Ultralight C (MF0ULC) %s", spacer, (tagtype & MAGIC) ? "<magic>" : "" );
	else if ( tagtype & UL_NANO_40)
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : MIFARE Ultralight Nano 40bytes (MF0UNH00)", spacer); 		
	else if ( tagtype & UL_EV1_48)
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : MIFARE Ultralight EV1 48bytes (MF0UL1101)", spacer); 
	else if ( tagtype & UL_EV1_128)	
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : MIFARE Ultralight EV1 128bytes (MF0UL2101)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & UL_EV1 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : MIFARE Ultralight EV1 UNKNOWN", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG UNKNOWN", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_203 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG 203 144bytes (NT2H0301F0DT)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_210 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG 210 48bytes (NT2L1011G0DU)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_212 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG 212 128bytes (NT2L1211G0DU)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_213 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG 213 144bytes (NT2H1311G0DU)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_213_F )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG 213F 144bytes (NT2H1311F0DTL)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_215 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG 215 504bytes (NT2H1511G0DU)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_216 )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG 216 888bytes (NT2H1611G0DU)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_216_F )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG 216F 888bytes (NT2H1611F0DTL)", spacer);	
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_I2C_1K )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG I%sC 888bytes (NT3H1101FHK)", spacer, "\xFD");
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_I2C_2K )	
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG I%sC 1904bytes (NT3H1201FHK)", spacer, "\xFD");
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_I2C_1K_PLUS )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG I%sC plus 888bytes (NT3H2111FHK)", spacer, "\xFD");
	else if ( tagtype & NTAG_I2C_2K_PLUS )	
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : NTAG I%sC plus 1912bytes (NT3H2211FHK)", spacer, "\xFD");
	else if ( tagtype & MY_D )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : INFINEON my-d\x99 (SLE 66RxxS)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & MY_D_NFC )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : INFINEON my-d\x99 NFC (SLE 66RxxP)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & MY_D_MOVE )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : INFINEON my-d\x99 move (SLE 66R01P)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & MY_D_MOVE_NFC )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : INFINEON my-d\x99 move NFC (SLE 66R01P)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & MY_D_MOVE_LEAN )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : INFINEON my-d\x99 move lean (SLE 66R01L)", spacer);
	else if ( tagtype & FUDAN_UL )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : FUDAN Ultralight Compatible (or other compatible) %s", spacer, (tagtype & MAGIC) ? "<magic>" : "" );
	else
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%sTYPE : Unknown %06x", spacer, tagtype);
	return 0;
}

static int ulc_print_3deskey( uint8_t *data){
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         deskey1 [44/0x2C] : %s [s]", sprint_hex(data   ,4), sprint_ascii(data,4) );
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         deskey1 [45/0x2D] : %s [s]", sprint_hex(data+4 ,4), sprint_ascii(data+4,4));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         deskey2 [46/0x2E] : %s [s]", sprint_hex(data+8 ,4), sprint_ascii(data+8,4));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         deskey2 [47/0x2F] : %s [s]", sprint_hex(data+12,4), sprint_ascii(data+12,4));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n 3des key : %s", sprint_hex(SwapEndian64(data, 16, 8), 16));
	return 0;
}

static int ulc_print_configuration( uint8_t *data){

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "--- UL-C Configuration");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " Higher Lockbits [40/0x28] : %s - %s", sprint_hex(data, 4), sprint_bin(data, 2));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         Counter [41/0x29] : %s - %s", sprint_hex(data+4, 4), sprint_bin(data+4, 2));

	bool validAuth = (data[8] >= 0x03 && data[8] <= 0x30);
	if ( validAuth )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "           Auth0 [42/0x2A] : %s page %d/0x%02X and above need authentication", sprint_hex(data+8, 4), data[8],data[8] );
	else{
		if ( data[8] == 0){
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "           Auth0 [42/0x2A] : %s default", sprint_hex(data+8, 4) );
		} else {
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "           Auth0 [42/0x2A] : %s auth byte is out-of-range", sprint_hex(data+8, 4) );
		}
	}
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "           Auth1 [43/0x2B] : %s %s",
			sprint_hex(data+12, 4),
			(data[12] & 1) ? "write access restricted": "read and write access restricted"
			);
	return 0;
}

static int ulev1_print_configuration(uint32_t tagtype, uint8_t *data, uint8_t startPage){

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n--- Tag Configuration");

	bool strg_mod_en = (data[0] & 2);
	uint8_t authlim = (data[4] & 0x07);
	bool nfc_cnf_en = (data[4] & 0x08);
	bool nfc_cnf_prot_pwd = (data[4] & 0x10);
	bool cfglck = (data[4] & 0x40);
	bool prot = (data[4] & 0x80);
	uint8_t vctid = data[5];

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  cfg0 [%u/0x%02X] : %s", startPage, startPage, sprint_hex(data, 4));
	
	 if ( (tagtype & (NTAG_213_F | NTAG_216_F)) ) {
		uint8_t mirror_conf = (data[0] & 0xC0);
		uint8_t mirror_byte = (data[0] & 0x30);
		bool sleep_en = (data[0] & 0x08);
		strg_mod_en = (data[0] & 0x04);
		uint8_t fdp_conf = (data[0] & 0x03);
		
		switch (mirror_conf) {
			case 0: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - no ASCII mirror"); break;
			case 1: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - UID ASCII mirror"); break;
			case 2: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - NFC counter ASCII mirror"); break;
			case 3: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - UID and NFC counter ASCII mirror"); break;			
			default: break;
		}
		
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - SLEEP mode %s", (sleep_en) ? "enabled":"disabled");	
		
		switch (fdp_conf) {
			case 0: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - no field detect"); break;
			case 1: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - enabled by first State-of-Frame (start of communication)"); break;
			case 2: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - enabled by selection of the tag"); break;
			case 3: PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - enabled by field presence"); break;			
			default: break;
		}
		// valid mirror start page and byte position within start page.
		if ( tagtype & NTAG_213_F ) {
			switch ( mirror_conf ) {
				case 1: { PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         mirror start block %02X | byte pos %02X - %s", data[2], mirror_byte, ( data[2]>= 0x4 && data[2] <= 0x24) ? "OK":"Invalid value"); break;}
				case 2: { PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         mirror start block %02X | byte pos %02X - %s", data[2], mirror_byte, ( data[2]>= 0x4 && data[2] <= 0x26) ? "OK":"Invalid value"); break;}
				case 3: { PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         mirror start block %02X | byte pos %02X - %s", data[2], mirror_byte, ( data[2]>= 0x4 && data[2] <= 0x22) ? "OK":"Invalid value"); break;}
				default: break;
			}
		} else if ( tagtype & NTAG_216_F ) {
			switch ( mirror_conf ) {
				case 1: { PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         mirror start block %02X | byte pos %02X - %s", data[2], mirror_byte, ( data[2]>= 0x4 && data[2] <= 0xDE) ? "OK":"Invalid value"); break;}
				case 2: { PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         mirror start block %02X | byte pos %02X - %s", data[2], mirror_byte, ( data[2]>= 0x4 && data[2] <= 0xE0) ? "OK":"Invalid value"); break;}
				case 3: { PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         mirror start block %02X | byte pos %02X - %s", data[2], mirror_byte, ( data[2]>= 0x4 && data[2] <= 0xDC) ? "OK":"Invalid value"); break;}
				default: break;
			}			
		}
	}
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - strong modulation mode %s", (strg_mod_en) ? "enabled":"disabled");
	
	if ( data[3] < 0xff )
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - page %d and above need authentication",data[3]);
	else 
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - pages don't need authentication");

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  cfg1 [%u/0x%02X] : %s", startPage + 1, startPage + 1,  sprint_hex(data+4, 4) );
	if ( authlim == 0)
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - Unlimited password attempts");
	else
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - Max number of password attempts is %d", authlim);
	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - NFC counter %s", (nfc_cnf_en) ? "enabled":"disabled");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - NFC counter %s", (nfc_cnf_prot_pwd) ? "not protected":"password protection enabled");
	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - user configuration %s", cfglck ? "permanently locked":"writeable");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - %s access is protected with password", prot ? "read and write":"write");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - %02X, Virtual Card Type Identifier is %s default", vctid, (vctid==0x05)? "":"not");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  PWD  [%u/0x%02X] : %s- (cannot be read)", startPage + 2, startPage + 2,  sprint_hex(data+8, 4));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  PACK [%u/0x%02X] : %s      - (cannot be read)", startPage + 3, startPage + 3,  sprint_hex(data+12, 2));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  RFU  [%u/0x%02X] :       %s- (cannot be read)", startPage + 3, startPage + 3,  sprint_hex(data+14, 2));
	return 0;
}

static int ulev1_print_counters(){
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "--- Tag Counters");
	uint8_t tear[1] = {0};
	uint8_t counter[3] = {0,0,0};
	uint16_t len = 0;
	for ( uint8_t i = 0; i<3; ++i) {
		ulev1_readTearing(i,tear,sizeof(tear));
		len = ulev1_readCounter(i,counter, sizeof(counter) );
		if (len == 3) {
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       [%0d] : %s", i, sprint_hex(counter,3));
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "                    - %02X tearing %s", tear[0], ( tear[0]==0xBD)?"Ok":"failure");
		}
	}
	return len;
}

static int ulev1_print_signature( uint8_t *data, uint8_t len){
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n--- Tag Signature");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "IC signature public key name  : NXP NTAG21x (2013)"); 
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "IC signature public key value : %s", sprint_hex(public_ecda_key, PUBLIC_ECDA_KEYLEN) );
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    Elliptic curve parameters : secp128r1");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "            Tag ECC Signature : %s", sprint_hex(data, len));
	//to do:  verify if signature is valid
	// only UID is signed.
	//PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "IC signature status: %s valid", (iseccvalid() )?"":"not");
	return 0;
}

static int ulev1_print_version(uint8_t *data){
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n--- Tag Version");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       Raw bytes : %s",sprint_hex(data, 8) );
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       Vendor ID : %02X, %s", data[1], getTagInfo(data[1]));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    Product type : %s", getProductTypeStr(data[2]));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " Product subtype : %02X, %s", data[3], (data[3]==1) ?"17 pF":"50pF");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "   Major version : %02X", data[4]);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "   Minor version : %02X", data[5]);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "            Size : %s", getUlev1CardSizeStr(data[6]));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "   Protocol type : %02X %s", data[7],  (data[7]==0x3)?"(ISO14443-3 Compliant)":"");
	return 0;
}

/*
static int ulc_magic_test(){
	// Magic Ultralight test
		// Magic UL-C, by observation,
	// 1) it seems to have a static nonce response to 0x1A command.
	// 2) the deskey bytes is not-zero:d out on as datasheet states.
	// 3) UID - changeable, not only, but pages 0-1-2-3.
	// 4) use the ul_magic_test !  magic tags answers specially!
	int returnValue = UL_ERROR;
	iso14a_card_select_t card;
	uint8_t nonce1[11] = {0x00};
	uint8_t nonce2[11] = {0x00};
	int status = ul_select(&card);
	if ( !status ){
		return UL_ERROR;
	}
	status = ulc_requestAuthentication(nonce1, sizeof(nonce1));
	if ( status > 0 ) {
		status = ulc_requestAuthentication(nonce2, sizeof(nonce2));
		returnValue =  ( !memcmp(nonce1, nonce2, 11) ) ? UL_C_MAGIC : UL_C;
	} else {
		returnValue = UL;
	}	
	DropField();
	return returnValue;
}
*/
static int ul_magic_test(){
	// Magic Ultralight tests
	// 1) take present UID, and try to write it back. OBSOLETE 
	// 2) make a wrong length write to page0, and see if tag answers with ACK/NACK:

	iso14a_card_select_t card;
	if ( !ul_select(&card) ) 
		return UL_ERROR;
	int status = ul_comp_write(0, NULL, 0);
	DropField();
	if ( status == 0 ) 
		return MAGIC;
	return 0;
}

uint32_t GetHF14AMfU_Type(void){

	TagTypeUL_t tagtype = UNKNOWN;
	iso14a_card_select_t card;
	uint8_t version[10] = {0x00};
	int status = 0;
	int len;

	if (!ul_select(&card)) return UL_ERROR;

	// Ultralight - ATQA / SAK 
	if ( card.atqa[1] != 0x00 || card.atqa[0] != 0x44 || card.sak != 0x00 ) {
		//PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Tag is not Ultralight | NTAG | MY-D  [ATQA: %02X %02X SAK: %02X]\n", card.atqa[1], card.atqa[0], card.sak);
		DropField();
		return UL_ERROR;
	}

	if ( card.uid[0] != 0x05) {

		len  = ulev1_getVersion(version, sizeof(version));
		DropField();

		switch (len) {
			case 0x0A: {

				if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x03\x01\x01\x00\x0B", 7) == 0)      { tagtype = UL_EV1_48; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x03\x01\x02\x00\x0B", 7) == 0) { tagtype = UL_NANO_40; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x03\x02\x01\x00\x0B", 7) == 0) { tagtype = UL_EV1_48; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x03\x01\x01\x00\x0E", 7) == 0) { tagtype = UL_EV1_128; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x03\x02\x01\x00\x0E", 7) == 0) { tagtype = UL_EV1_128; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x01\x01\x00\x0B", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_210; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x01\x01\x00\x0E", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_212; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x02\x01\x00\x0F", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_213; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x02\x01\x00\x11", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_215; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x02\x01\x00\x13", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_216; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x04\x01\x00\x0F", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_213_F; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x04\x01\x00\x13", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_216_F; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x05\x02\x01\x13", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_I2C_1K; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x05\x02\x01\x15", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_I2C_2K; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x05\x02\x02\x13", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_I2C_1K_PLUS; break; }
				else if ( memcmp(version, "\x00\x04\x04\x05\x02\x02\x15", 7) == 0) { tagtype = NTAG_I2C_2K_PLUS; break; }
				else if ( version[2] == 0x04 ) { tagtype = NTAG; break; }
				else if ( version[2] == 0x03 ) { tagtype = UL_EV1; }
				break;
			}
			case 0x01: tagtype = UL_C; break;
			case 0x00: tagtype = UL; break;
			case -1  : tagtype = (UL | UL_C | NTAG_203); break;  // could be UL | UL_C magic tags
			default  : tagtype = UNKNOWN; break;
		}

		// UL vs UL-C vs ntag203 test
		if (tagtype & (UL | UL_C | NTAG_203)) {
			if ( !ul_select(&card) ) return UL_ERROR;

			// do UL_C check first...
			uint8_t nonce[11] = {0x00};
			status = ulc_requestAuthentication(nonce, sizeof(nonce));
			DropField();
			if (status > 1) {
				tagtype = UL_C;
			} else { 
				// need to re-select after authentication error
				if ( !ul_select(&card) ) return UL_ERROR;

				uint8_t data[16] = {0x00};
				// read page 0x26-0x29 (last valid ntag203 page)
				status = ul_read(0x26, data, sizeof(data));
				if ( status <= 1 ) {
					tagtype = UL;
				} else {
					// read page 0x30 (should error if it is a ntag203)
					status = ul_read(0x30, data, sizeof(data));
					if ( status <= 1 ){
						tagtype = NTAG_203;
					} else {
						tagtype = UNKNOWN;
					}
				}
				DropField();
			}
		}
		if (tagtype & UL) {
			tagtype = ul_fudan_check(); 
			DropField();
		}
	} else {
		DropField();
		// Infinition MY-D tests   Exam high nibble 
		uint8_t nib = (card.uid[1] & 0xf0) >> 4;
		switch ( nib ){
			// case 0: tagtype =  SLE66R35E7; break; //or SLE 66R35E7 - mifare compat... should have different sak/atqa for mf 1k
			case 1:	tagtype =  MY_D; break; // or SLE 66RxxS ... up to 512 pages of 8 user bytes...
			case 2:	tagtype = (MY_D_NFC); break; // or SLE 66RxxP ... up to 512 pages of 8 user bytes... (or in nfc mode FF pages of 4 bytes)
			case 3:	tagtype = (MY_D_MOVE | MY_D_MOVE_NFC); break; // or SLE 66R01P // 38 pages of 4 bytes //notice: we can not currently distinguish between these two
			case 7: tagtype =  MY_D_MOVE_LEAN; break; // or SLE 66R01L  // 16 pages of 4 bytes
		}
	}

	tagtype |= ul_magic_test();
	if (tagtype == (UNKNOWN | MAGIC)) tagtype = (UL_MAGIC);
	return tagtype;
}
//
//  extended tag information
//
int CmdHF14AMfUInfo(const char *Cmd){

	uint8_t authlim = 0xff;
	uint8_t data[16] = {0x00};
	iso14a_card_select_t card;
	int status;
	bool errors = false;
	bool hasAuthKey = false;
	bool locked = false;
	bool swapEndian = false;
	uint8_t cmdp = 0;
	uint8_t dataLen = 0;
	uint8_t authenticationkey[16] = {0x00};
	uint8_t *authkeyptr = authenticationkey;
	uint8_t pwd[4] = {0,0,0,0};
	uint8_t	*key = pwd;
	uint8_t pack[4] = {0,0,0,0};
	int len = 0;
	char tempStr[50];

	while (param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00 && !errors) {
		switch (tolower(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp))) {
		case 'h':
			return usage_hf_mfu_info();
		case 'k':
			dataLen = param_getstr(Cmd, cmdp+1, tempStr, sizeof(tempStr));
			if (dataLen == 32 || dataLen == 8) { //ul-c or ev1/ntag key length
				errors = param_gethex(tempStr, 0, authenticationkey, dataLen);
				dataLen /= 2; // handled as bytes from now on
			} else {
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "ERROR: Key is incorrect length\n");
				errors = true;
			}
			cmdp += 2;
			hasAuthKey = true;
			break;
		case 'l':
			swapEndian = true;
			cmdp++;
			break;
		default:
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Unknown parameter '%c'", param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp));
			errors = true;
			break;
		}
	}
	//Validations
	if (errors) return usage_hf_mfu_info();

	TagTypeUL_t tagtype = GetHF14AMfU_Type();
	if (tagtype == UL_ERROR) return -1;

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n--- Tag Information ---------");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "-------------------------------------------------------------");
	ul_print_type(tagtype, 6);

	// Swap endianness 
	if (swapEndian && hasAuthKey) authkeyptr = SwapEndian64(authenticationkey, dataLen, (dataLen == 16) ? 8 : 4 );

	if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;

	// read pages 0,1,2,3 (should read 4pages)
	status = ul_read(0, data, sizeof(data));
	if ( status == -1 ) {
		DropField();
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Error: tag didn't answer to READ");
		return status;
	} else if (status == 16) {
		ul_print_default(data);
		ndef_print_CC(data+12);
	} else {
		locked = true;
	}

	// UL_C Specific
	if ((tagtype & UL_C)) {

		// read pages 0x28, 0x29, 0x2A, 0x2B
		uint8_t ulc_conf[16] = {0x00};
		status = ul_read(0x28, ulc_conf, sizeof(ulc_conf));
		if ( status == -1 ){
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Error: tag didn't answer to READ UL-C");
			DropField();
			return status;
		} 
		if (status == 16) 
			ulc_print_configuration(ulc_conf);
		else 
			locked = true;

		if ((tagtype & MAGIC)) {
			//just read key
			uint8_t ulc_deskey[16] = {0x00};
			status = ul_read(0x2C, ulc_deskey, sizeof(ulc_deskey));
			if ( status == -1 ) {
				DropField();
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Error: tag didn't answer to READ magic");
				return status;
			}
			if (status == 16) ulc_print_3deskey(ulc_deskey);

		} else {
			DropField();
			// if we called info with key, just return 
			if ( hasAuthKey ) return 1;

			// also try to diversify default keys..  look into CmdHF14AMfuGenDiverseKeys
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Trying some default 3des keys");
			for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KEYS_3DES_COUNT; ++i ) {
				key = default_3des_keys[i];
				if (ulc_authentication(key, true)) {
					PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Found default 3des key: ");
					uint8_t keySwap[16];
					memcpy(keySwap, SwapEndian64(key,16,8), 16);
					ulc_print_3deskey(keySwap);
					return 1;
				} 
			}
			return 1;
		}
	}

	// do counters and signature first (don't neet auth) 

	// ul counters are different than ntag counters
	if ((tagtype & (UL_EV1_48 | UL_EV1_128 | UL_EV1))) {
		if (ulev1_print_counters() != 3) {
			// failed - re-select
			if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;
		}
	}

	// NTAG counters?
	
	// Read signature
	if ((tagtype & (UL_EV1_48 | UL_EV1_128 | UL_EV1 | UL_NANO_40 | NTAG_213 | NTAG_213_F | NTAG_215 | NTAG_216 | NTAG_216_F | NTAG_I2C_1K | NTAG_I2C_2K | NTAG_I2C_1K_PLUS | NTAG_I2C_2K_PLUS))) {
		uint8_t ulev1_signature[32] = {0x00};
		status = ulev1_readSignature( ulev1_signature, sizeof(ulev1_signature));
		if ( status == -1 ) {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Error: tag didn't answer to READ SIGNATURE");
			DropField();
			return status;
		}
		if (status == 32) ulev1_print_signature( ulev1_signature, sizeof(ulev1_signature));
		else {
			// re-select
			if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;
		}
	}

	// Get Version
	if ((tagtype & (UL_EV1_48 | UL_EV1_128 | UL_EV1 | UL_NANO_40 | NTAG_213 | NTAG_213_F | NTAG_215 | NTAG_216 | NTAG_216_F | NTAG_I2C_1K | NTAG_I2C_2K | NTAG_I2C_1K_PLUS | NTAG_I2C_2K_PLUS))) {
		uint8_t version[10] = {0x00};
		status  = ulev1_getVersion(version, sizeof(version));
		if ( status == -1 ) {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Error: tag didn't answer to GETVERSION");
			DropField();
			return status;
		} else if (status == 10) {
			ulev1_print_version(version);
		} else {
			locked = true;
			if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;
		}

		uint8_t startconfigblock = 0;
		uint8_t ulev1_conf[16] = {0x00};
		
		// config blocks always are last 4 pages
		for (uint8_t i = 0; i < MAX_UL_TYPES; i++) {
			if (tagtype & UL_TYPES_ARRAY[i]) {
				startconfigblock = UL_MEMORY_ARRAY[i]-3;
				break;
			}
		}
		
		if (startconfigblock){ // if we know where the config block is...
			status = ul_read(startconfigblock, ulev1_conf, sizeof(ulev1_conf));
			if ( status == -1 ) {
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Error: tag didn't answer to READ EV1");
				DropField();
				return status;
			} else if (status == 16) {
				// save AUTHENTICATION LIMITS for later:
				authlim = (ulev1_conf[4] & 0x07);
				// add pwd / pack if used from cli
				if ( hasAuthKey ) {
					memcpy(ulev1_conf+8, authkeyptr, 4);
					memcpy(ulev1_conf+12, pack, 2);
				}
				ulev1_print_configuration(tagtype, ulev1_conf, startconfigblock);
			}
		}

		// AUTHLIMIT, (number of failed authentications)
		// 0 = limitless.
		// 1-7 = limit. No automatic tries then.
		// hasAuthKey,  if we was called with key, skip test.
		if ( !authlim && !hasAuthKey ) {
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n--- Known EV1/NTAG passwords.");
			len = 0;
			
			// test pwd gen A
			num_to_bytes( ul_ev1_pwdgenA(card.uid), 4, key);
			len = ulev1_requestAuthentication(key, pack, sizeof(pack));
			if (len > -1) {
				PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Found a default password: %s || Pack: %02X %02X",sprint_hex(key, 4), pack[0], pack[1]);
				goto out;
			}

			if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;
			
			// test pwd gen B
			num_to_bytes( ul_ev1_pwdgenB(card.uid), 4, key);
			len = ulev1_requestAuthentication(key, pack, sizeof(pack));
			if (len > -1) {
				PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Found a default password: %s || Pack: %02X %02X",sprint_hex(key, 4), pack[0], pack[1]);
				goto out;
			}

			if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;

			// test pwd gen C
			num_to_bytes( ul_ev1_pwdgenC(card.uid), 4, key);
			len = ulev1_requestAuthentication(key, pack, sizeof(pack));
			if (len > -1) {
				PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Found a default password: %s || Pack: %02X %02X",sprint_hex(key, 4), pack[0], pack[1]);
				goto out;
			}
			
			if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;
						
			// test pwd gen D
			num_to_bytes( ul_ev1_pwdgenD(card.uid), 4, key);
			len = ulev1_requestAuthentication(key, pack, sizeof(pack));
			if (len > -1) {
				PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Found a default password: %s || Pack: %02X %02X",sprint_hex(key, 4), pack[0], pack[1]);
				goto out;
			}
			
			if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;			
			
			for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KEYS_PWD_COUNT; ++i ) {
				key = default_pwd_pack[i];
				len = ulev1_requestAuthentication(key, pack, sizeof(pack));
				if (len > -1) {
					PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Found a default password: %s || Pack: %02X %02X",sprint_hex(key, 4), pack[0], pack[1]);
					break;
				} else {
					if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authkeyptr, pack, sizeof(pack))) return -1;
				}
			}
			if (len < 1) PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "password not known");
		}
	}
out:
	DropField();
	if (locked) PrintAndLogEx(FAILED, "\nTag appears to be locked, try using the key to get more info");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	return 1;
}

//
//  Write Single Block
//
int CmdHF14AMfUWrBl(const char *Cmd){

	int blockNo = -1;	
	bool errors = false;
	bool hasAuthKey = false;
	bool hasPwdKey = false;
	bool swapEndian = false;

	uint8_t cmdp = 0;
	uint8_t keylen = 0;
	uint8_t blockdata[20] = {0x00};
	uint8_t data[16] = {0x00};
	uint8_t authenticationkey[16] = {0x00};
	uint8_t *authKeyPtr = authenticationkey;

	while (param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00 && !errors) {
		switch (tolower(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp))) {
			case 'h':
				return usage_hf_mfu_wrbl();
			case 'k':
				// EV1/NTAG size key
				keylen = param_gethex(Cmd, cmdp+1, data, 8);
				if ( !keylen ) {
					memcpy(authenticationkey, data, 4);
					cmdp += 2;
					hasPwdKey = true;
					break;
				}
				// UL-C size key	
				keylen = param_gethex(Cmd, cmdp+1, data, 32);
				if (!keylen){
					memcpy(authenticationkey, data, 16);
					cmdp += 2;
					hasAuthKey = true;
					break;
				}
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "ERROR: Key is incorrect length\n");
				errors = true; 
				break;
			case 'b':
				blockNo = param_get8(Cmd, cmdp+1);
				if (blockNo < 0) {
					PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Wrong block number");
					errors = true;									
				}
				cmdp += 2;
				break;
			case 'l':
				swapEndian = true;
				cmdp++;	
				break;
			case 'd':
				if ( param_gethex(Cmd, cmdp+1, blockdata, 8) ) {
					PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Block data must include 8 HEX symbols");
					errors = true;
					break;
				}
				cmdp += 2;
				break;
			default:
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Unknown parameter '%c'", param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp));
				errors = true;
				break;
		}
	}
	//Validations
	if (errors || cmdp == 0) return usage_hf_mfu_wrbl();
		
	if ( blockNo == -1 ) return usage_hf_mfu_wrbl();
	// starting with getting tagtype
	TagTypeUL_t tagtype = GetHF14AMfU_Type();
	if (tagtype == UL_ERROR) return -1;

	uint8_t maxblockno = 0;
	for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < MAX_UL_TYPES; idx++){
		if (tagtype & UL_TYPES_ARRAY[idx]) {
			maxblockno = UL_MEMORY_ARRAY[idx];
			break;
		}
	}
	if (blockNo > maxblockno){
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "block number too large. Max block is %u/0x%02X \n", maxblockno,maxblockno);
		return usage_hf_mfu_wrbl();
	}

	// Swap endianness 
	if (swapEndian && hasAuthKey) authKeyPtr = SwapEndian64(authenticationkey, 16, 8);
	if (swapEndian && hasPwdKey)  authKeyPtr = SwapEndian64(authenticationkey, 4, 4);

	if ( blockNo <= 3) 		
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Special Block: %0d (0x%02X) [ %s]", blockNo, blockNo, sprint_hex(blockdata, 4));
	else
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Block: %0d (0x%02X) [ %s]", blockNo, blockNo, sprint_hex(blockdata, 4));
	
	//Send write Block
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_MIFAREU_WRITEBL, {blockNo}};
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, blockdata, 4);

	if ( hasAuthKey ){
		c.arg[1] = 1;
		memcpy(c.d.asBytes+4, authKeyPtr, 16);
	}
	else if ( hasPwdKey ) {
		c.arg[1] = 2;
		memcpy(c.d.asBytes+4, authKeyPtr, 4);
	}
	
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500)) {
		uint8_t isOK  = resp.arg[0] & 0xff;
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "isOk:%02x", isOK);
	} else {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Command execute timeout");
	}
	
	return 0;
}
//
//  Read Single Block
//
int CmdHF14AMfURdBl(const char *Cmd){

	int blockNo = -1;	
	bool errors = false;
	bool hasAuthKey = false;
	bool hasPwdKey = false;
	bool swapEndian = false;
	uint8_t cmdp = 0;
	uint8_t keylen = 0;
	uint8_t data[16] = {0x00};
	uint8_t authenticationkey[16] = {0x00};
	uint8_t *authKeyPtr = authenticationkey;

	while (param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00 && !errors) {
		switch (tolower(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp))) {
			case 'h':
				return usage_hf_mfu_rdbl();
			case 'k':
				// EV1/NTAG size key
				keylen = param_gethex(Cmd, cmdp+1, data, 8);
				if ( !keylen ) {
					memcpy(authenticationkey, data, 4);
					cmdp += 2;
					hasPwdKey = true;
					break;
				}
				// UL-C size key	
				keylen = param_gethex(Cmd, cmdp+1, data, 32);
				if (!keylen){
					memcpy(authenticationkey, data, 16);
					cmdp += 2;
					hasAuthKey = true;
					break;
				}
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "ERROR: Key is incorrect length\n");
				errors = true; 
				break;
			case 'b':
				blockNo = param_get8(Cmd, cmdp+1);
				if (blockNo < 0) {
					PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Wrong block number");
					errors = true;									
				}
				cmdp += 2;
				break;
			case 'l':
				swapEndian = true;
				cmdp++;	
				break;				
			default:
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Unknown parameter '%c'", param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp));
				errors = true;
				break;
		}
	}
	//Validations
	if (errors || cmdp == 0) return usage_hf_mfu_rdbl();
	
	if ( blockNo == -1 ) return usage_hf_mfu_rdbl();
	// start with getting tagtype
	TagTypeUL_t tagtype = GetHF14AMfU_Type();
	if (tagtype == UL_ERROR) return -1;

	uint8_t maxblockno = 0;
	for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < MAX_UL_TYPES; idx++){
		if (tagtype & UL_TYPES_ARRAY[idx]) {
			maxblockno = UL_MEMORY_ARRAY[idx];
			break;
		}
	}
	if (blockNo > maxblockno){
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "block number to large. Max block is %u/0x%02X \n", maxblockno,maxblockno);
		return usage_hf_mfu_rdbl();
	}

	// Swap endianness 
	if (swapEndian && hasAuthKey) authKeyPtr = SwapEndian64(authenticationkey, 16, 8);
	if (swapEndian && hasPwdKey)  authKeyPtr = SwapEndian64(authenticationkey, 4, 4);
	
	//Read Block
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_MIFAREU_READBL, {blockNo}};
	if ( hasAuthKey ){
		c.arg[1] = 1;
		memcpy(c.d.asBytes,authKeyPtr,16);
	}
	else if ( hasPwdKey ) {
		c.arg[1] = 2;
		memcpy(c.d.asBytes,authKeyPtr,4);
	}
	
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500)) {
		uint8_t isOK = resp.arg[0] & 0xff;
		if (isOK) {
			uint8_t *data = resp.d.asBytes;
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\nBlock#  | Data        | Ascii");
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "-----------------------------");
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%02d/0x%02X | %s| %s\n", blockNo, blockNo, sprint_hex(data, 4), sprint_ascii(data,4));
		}
		else {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Failed reading block: (%02x)", isOK);
		}
	} else {
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Command execute time-out");
	}
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_info(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "It gathers information about the tag and tries to detect what kind it is.");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Sometimes the tags are locked down, and you may need a key to be able to read the information");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "The following tags can be identified:\n");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Ultralight, Ultralight-C, Ultralight EV1, NTAG 203, NTAG 210,");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "NTAG 212, NTAG 213, NTAG 215, NTAG 216, NTAG I2C 1K & 2K");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "my-d, my-d NFC, my-d move, my-d move NFC\n");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu info k <key> l");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  Options : ");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  k <key> : (optional) key for authentication [UL-C 16bytes, EV1/NTAG 4bytes]");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  l       : (optional) swap entered key's endianness");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu info");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu info k 00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu info k AABBCCDD");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_dump(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Reads all pages from Ultralight, Ultralight-C, Ultralight EV1");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "NTAG 203, NTAG 210, NTAG 212, NTAG 213, NTAG 215, NTAG 216");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "and saves binary dump into the file `filename.bin` or `cardUID.bin`");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "It autodetects card type.\n");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu dump k <key> l f <filename w/o .bin> p <page#> q <#pages>");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  Options :");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  k <key> : (optional) key for authentication [UL-C 16bytes, EV1/NTAG 4bytes]");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  l       : (optional) swap entered key's endianness");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  f <FN > : filename w/o .bin to save the dump as");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  p <Pg > : starting Page number to manually set a page to start the dump at");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  q <qty> : number of Pages to manually set how many pages to dump");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu dump");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu dump n myfile");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu dump k 00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu dump k AABBCCDD\n");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_restore(void){
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Restore dumpfile onto card.");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu restore [h] [l] [s] k <key> n <filename w/o .bin> ");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  Options :");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  k <key> : (optional) key for authentication [UL-C 16bytes, EV1/NTAG 4bytes]");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  l       : (optional) swap entered key's endianness");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  s       : (optional) enable special write UID -MAGIC TAG ONLY-");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  e       : (optional) enable special write version/signature -MAGIC NTAG 21* ONLY-");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  r       : (optional) use the password found in dumpfile to configure tag. requires 'e' parameter to work");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  f <FN>  : filename w/o .bin to restore");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu restore s f myfile");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu restore k AABBCCDD s f myfile\n");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu restore k AABBCCDD s e r f myfile\n");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_rdbl(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Read a block and print. It autodetects card type.\n");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu rdbl b <block number> k <key> l\n");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Options:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  b <no>  : block to read");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  k <key> : (optional) key for authentication [UL-C 16bytes, EV1/NTAG 4bytes]");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  l       : (optional) swap entered key's endianness");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu rdbl b 0");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu rdbl b 0 k 00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu rdbl b 0 k AABBCCDD\n");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_wrbl(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Write a block. It autodetects card type.\n");		
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu wrbl b <block number> d <data> k <key> l\n");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Options:");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  b <no>   : block to write");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  d <data> : block data - (8 hex symbols)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  k <key>  : (optional) key for authentication [UL-C 16bytes, EV1/NTAG 4bytes]");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  l        : (optional) swap entered key's endianness");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu wrbl b 0 d 01234567");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu wrbl b 0 d 01234567 k AABBCCDD\n");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_eload(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "It loads emul dump from the file `filename.eml`");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Hint: See script dumptoemul-mfu.lua to convert the .bin to the eml");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu eload u <file name w/o `.eml`> [numblocks]");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  Options:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    h          : this help");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    u          : UL (required)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    [filename] : without `.eml` (required)");	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    numblocks  : number of blocks to load from eml file (optional)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "  sample: hf mfu eload u filename");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "          hf mfu eload u filename 57");
			return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_sim(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\nEmulating Ultralight tag from emulator memory\n");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\nBe sure to load the emulator memory first!\n");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage: hf mfu sim t 7 u <uid>");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Options:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    h       : this help");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    t 7     : 7 = NTAG or Ultralight sim (required)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    u <uid> : 4 or 7 byte UID (optional)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu sim t 7");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu sim t 7 u 1122344556677\n");
	
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_ucauth(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu cauth k <key number>");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      0 (default): 3DES standard key");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      1 : all 0x00 key");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      2 : 0x00-0x0F key");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      3 : nfc key");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      4 : all 0x01 key");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      5 : all 0xff key");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "      6 : 0x00-0xFF key");		
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu cauth k");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       hf mfu cauth k 3");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_ucsetpwd(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu setpwd <password (32 hex symbols)>");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       [password] - (32 hex symbols)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         hf mfu setpwd 000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_ucsetuid(void) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu setuid <uid (14 hex symbols)>");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "       [uid] - (14 hex symbols)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\nThis only works for Magic Ultralight tags.");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "         hf mfu setuid 11223344556677");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_gendiverse(void){
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu gen [h] [r] <uid (8 hex symbols)>");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Options:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    h       : this help");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    r       : read uid from tag");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    <uid>   : 4 byte UID (optional)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu gen r");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu gen 11223344");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	return 0;
}

int usage_hf_mfu_pwdgen(void){
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Usage:  hf mfu pwdgen [h|t] [r] <uid (14 hex symbols)>");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Options:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    h       : this help");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    t       : selftest");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    r       : read uid from tag");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "    <uid>   : 7 byte UID (optional)");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Examples:");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu pwdgen r");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu pwdgen 11223344556677");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "        hf mfu pwdgen t");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "");
	return 0;
}

#define DUMP_PREFIX_LENGTH 48 
void printMFUdump(mfu_dump_t* card) {
	printMFUdumpEx(card, 255, 0);
}

void printMFUdumpEx(mfu_dump_t* card, uint16_t pages, uint8_t startpage) {
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n*special* data\n");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\nDataType  | Data                    | Ascii");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "----------+-------------------------+---------");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Version   | %s| %s", sprint_hex(card->version, sizeof(card->version)), sprint_ascii(card->version, sizeof(card->version)) );
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "TBD       | %-24s| %s", sprint_hex(card->tbo, sizeof(card->tbo)), sprint_ascii(card->tbo, sizeof(card->tbo)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Tearing   | %-24s| %s", sprint_hex(card->tearing, sizeof(card->tearing)), sprint_ascii(card->tearing, sizeof(card->tearing)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Pack      | %-24s| %s", sprint_hex(card->pack, sizeof(card->pack)), sprint_ascii(card->pack, sizeof(card->pack)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "TBD       | %-24s| %s", sprint_hex(card->tbo1, sizeof(card->tbo1)), sprint_ascii(card->tbo1, sizeof(card->tbo1)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Signature1| %s| %s", sprint_hex(card->signature, 16), sprint_ascii(card->signature, 16));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Signature2| %s| %s", sprint_hex(card->signature+16, 16), sprint_ascii(card->signature+16, 16));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "-------------------------------------------------------------");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\nBlock#   | Data        |lck| Ascii");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "---------+-------------+---+------");

	uint8_t j = 0;
	bool lckbit = false;
	uint8_t *data = card->data;
	
	uint8_t lockbytes_sta[] = {0,0};
	uint8_t lockbytes_dyn[] = {0,0,0};
	bool bit_stat[16]  = {0};
	bool bit_dyn[16] = {0};
	
	// Load static lock bytes.	
	memcpy(lockbytes_sta, data+10, sizeof(lockbytes_sta));
	for(j = 0; j < 16; j++){
		bit_stat[j] = lockbytes_sta[j/8] & ( 1 <<(7-j%8));
	}
	
	// Load dynamic lockbytes if available
	// TODO -- FIGURE OUT LOCK BYTES FOR TO EV1 and/or NTAG
	if ( pages == 44 ) {

		memcpy(lockbytes_dyn, data+(40*4), sizeof(lockbytes_dyn));

		for (j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
			bit_dyn[j] = lockbytes_dyn[j/8] & ( 1 <<(7-j%8));
		}
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "DYNAMIC LOCK: %s\n", sprint_hex(lockbytes_dyn,3));
	}
	
	for (uint8_t i = 0; i < pages; ++i) {
		if ( i < 3 ) {
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%3d/0x%02X | %s|   | %s", i+startpage, i+startpage, sprint_hex(data + i * 4, 4), sprint_ascii(data + i * 4,4) );
			continue;
		}
		switch(i){
			case  3: lckbit = bit_stat[4]; break;
			case  4: lckbit = bit_stat[3]; break;
			case  5: lckbit = bit_stat[2]; break;
			case  6: lckbit = bit_stat[1]; break;
			case  7: lckbit = bit_stat[0]; break;
			case  8: lckbit = bit_stat[15]; break;
			case  9: lckbit = bit_stat[14]; break;
			case 10: lckbit = bit_stat[13]; break;
			case 11: lckbit = bit_stat[12]; break;
			case 12: lckbit = bit_stat[11]; break;
			case 13: lckbit = bit_stat[10]; break;
			case 14: lckbit = bit_stat[9]; break;
			case 15: lckbit = bit_stat[8]; break;
			case 16:
			case 17:
			case 18:
			case 19: lckbit = bit_dyn[6]; break;
			case 20:
			case 21:
			case 22:
			case 23: lckbit = bit_dyn[5]; break; 
			case 24:
			case 25:
			case 26:
			case 27: lckbit = bit_dyn[4]; break;
			case 28:
			case 29:
			case 30:
			case 31: lckbit = bit_dyn[2]; break;
			case 32:
			case 33:
			case 34:
			case 35: lckbit = bit_dyn[1]; break; 
			case 36:
			case 37:
			case 38:
			case 39: lckbit = bit_dyn[0]; break; 
			case 40: lckbit = bit_dyn[12]; break;
			case 41: lckbit = bit_dyn[11]; break;
			case 42: lckbit = bit_dyn[10]; break; //auth0
			case 43: lckbit = bit_dyn[9]; break;  //auth1
			default: break;
		}
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "%3d/0x%02X | %s| %d | %s", i+startpage, i+startpage, sprint_hex(data + i * 4, 4), lckbit, sprint_ascii(data + i * 4,4));
	}
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "---------------------------------");
}

//
//  Mifare Ultralight / Ultralight-C / Ultralight-EV1
//  Read and Dump Card Contents,  using auto detection of tag size.
int CmdHF14AMfUDump(const char *Cmd){

	FILE *fout;
	char filename[FILE_PATH_SIZE] = {0x00};
	char *fnameptr = filename;

	uint8_t data[1024] = {0x00};
	memset(data, 0x00, sizeof(data));
	
	bool hasAuthKey = false;
	int i = 0;
	int pages = 16;
	uint8_t dataLen = 0;
	uint8_t cmdp = 0;
	uint8_t authenticationkey[16] = {0x00};
	memset(authenticationkey, 0x00, sizeof(authenticationkey));
	uint8_t	*authKeyPtr = authenticationkey;
	size_t fileNlen = 0;
	bool errors = false;
	bool swapEndian = false;
	bool manualPages = false;
	uint8_t startPage = 0;
	uint8_t card_mem_size = 0;
	char tempStr[50];

	while (param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00 && !errors) {
		switch (tolower(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp))) {
		case 'h':
			return usage_hf_mfu_dump();
		case 'k':
			dataLen = param_getstr(Cmd, cmdp+1, tempStr, sizeof(tempStr));
			if (dataLen == 32 || dataLen == 8) { //ul-c or ev1/ntag key length
				errors = param_gethex(tempStr, 0, authenticationkey, dataLen);
				dataLen /= 2;
			} else {
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "ERROR: Key is incorrect length\n");
				errors = true;
			}
			cmdp += 2;
			hasAuthKey = true;
			break;
		case 'l':
			swapEndian = true;
			cmdp++;
			break;
		case 'f':
			fileNlen = param_getstr(Cmd, cmdp+1, filename, sizeof(filename));
			if (!fileNlen) errors = true; 
			if (fileNlen > FILE_PATH_SIZE-5) fileNlen = FILE_PATH_SIZE-5;
			cmdp += 2;
			break;
		case 'p': //set start page
			startPage = param_get8(Cmd, cmdp+1);
			manualPages = true;
			cmdp += 2;
			break;
		case 'q':
			pages = param_get8(Cmd, cmdp+1);
			cmdp += 2;
			manualPages = true;
			break;
		default:
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Unknown parameter '%c'", param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp));
			errors = true;
			break;
		}
	}

	//Validations
	if (errors) return usage_hf_mfu_dump();

	//if we entered a key in little endian and set the swapEndian switch - switch it...
	if (swapEndian && hasAuthKey) 
		authKeyPtr = SwapEndian64(authenticationkey, dataLen, (dataLen == 16) ? 8 : 4);

	TagTypeUL_t tagtype = GetHF14AMfU_Type();
	if (tagtype == UL_ERROR) return -1;
	
	//get number of pages to read
	if (!manualPages) {
		for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < MAX_UL_TYPES; idx++) {
			if (tagtype & UL_TYPES_ARRAY[idx]) {
				//add one as maxblks starts at 0
				card_mem_size =	pages = UL_MEMORY_ARRAY[idx]+1;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	ul_print_type(tagtype, 0);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Reading tag memory...");
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_MIFAREU_READCARD, {startPage, pages}};
	if ( hasAuthKey ) {
		if (tagtype & UL_C)
			c.arg[2] = 1; //UL_C auth
		else
			c.arg[2] = 2; //UL_EV1/NTAG auth

		memcpy(c.d.asBytes, authKeyPtr, dataLen);
	}

	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500)) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Command execute time-out");
		return 1;
	}
	if (resp.arg[0] != 1) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Failed reading block: (%02x)", i);
		return 1;
	}

	uint32_t startindex = resp.arg[2];
	uint32_t bufferSize = resp.arg[1];
	if (bufferSize > sizeof(data)) {
		PrintAndLogEx(FAILED, "Data exceeded Buffer size!");
		bufferSize = sizeof(data);
	}
	
	if ( !GetFromBigBuf(data, bufferSize, startindex, NULL, 2500, false) ) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "command execution time out");
		return 1;
	}

	bool is_partial = (pages == bufferSize/4);
	
	pages = bufferSize/4;
	
	uint8_t	get_pack[] = {0,0};
	iso14a_card_select_t card;
	mfu_dump_t dump_file_data;
	uint8_t get_version[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
	uint8_t	get_tearing[] = {0,0,0};
	uint8_t	get_counter[] = {0,0,0};
	uint8_t	dummy_pack[] = {0,0};
	uint8_t	get_signature[32];
	memset( get_signature, 0, sizeof(get_signature) );

	// not ul_c and not std ul then attempt to collect info like
	//  VERSION, SIGNATURE, COUNTERS, TEARING, PACK, 
	if (!(tagtype & UL_C || tagtype & UL)) {
		//attempt to read pack
		if (!ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, true, authKeyPtr, get_pack, sizeof(get_pack))) {
			//reset pack
			get_pack[0]=0;
			get_pack[1]=0;
		}
		DropField();
		
		// only add pack if not partial read,  and complete pages read.
		if ( !is_partial && pages == card_mem_size) {
		
			// add pack to block read		
			memcpy(data + (pages*4) - 4, get_pack, sizeof(get_pack));
		}
		
		if ( hasAuthKey )
			ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authKeyPtr, dummy_pack, sizeof(dummy_pack));
		else
			ul_select(&card);

		ulev1_getVersion( get_version, sizeof(get_version) );
		for ( uint8_t i = 0; i<3; ++i) {
			ulev1_readTearing(i, get_tearing+i, 1);
			ulev1_readCounter(i, get_counter, sizeof(get_counter) );
		}
		
		DropField();
		if ( hasAuthKey )
			ul_auth_select( &card, tagtype, hasAuthKey, authKeyPtr, dummy_pack, sizeof(dummy_pack));
		else
			ul_select(&card);
		
		ulev1_readSignature( get_signature, sizeof(get_signature));
		DropField();
	}

	// format and add keys to block dump output
	if (hasAuthKey) {
		// if we didn't swapendian before - do it now for the sprint_hex call
		// NOTE: default entry is bigendian (unless swapped), sprint_hex outputs little endian
		//       need to swap to keep it the same
		if (!swapEndian){
			authKeyPtr = SwapEndian64(authenticationkey, dataLen, (dataLen == 16) ? 8 : 4);
		} else {
			authKeyPtr = authenticationkey;
		}

		if (tagtype & UL_C){ //add 4 pages
			memcpy(data + pages*4, authKeyPtr, dataLen);
			pages += dataLen/4;  
		} else { // 2nd page from end
			memcpy(data + (pages*4) - 8, authenticationkey, dataLen);
		}
	}

	//add *special* blocks to dump
	//iceman:  need to add counters and pwd values to the dump format
	memcpy(dump_file_data.version, get_version, sizeof(dump_file_data.version));
	memcpy(dump_file_data.tearing, get_tearing, sizeof(dump_file_data.tearing));
	memcpy(dump_file_data.pack, get_pack, sizeof(dump_file_data.pack));
	memcpy(dump_file_data.signature, get_signature, sizeof(dump_file_data.signature));
	memcpy(dump_file_data.data, data, pages*4);

	printMFUdumpEx(&dump_file_data, pages, startPage);
	
	// user supplied filename?
	if (fileNlen < 1) {
		// UID = data 0-1-2 4-5-6-7  (skips a beat)
		sprintf(fnameptr,"%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X.bin",
			data[0],data[1], data[2], data[4],data[5],data[6], data[7]);
	} else {
		sprintf(fnameptr + fileNlen,".bin");
	}

	if ((fout = fopen(filename,"wb")) == NULL) { 
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Could not create file name %s", filename);
		return 1;
	}
	fwrite( &dump_file_data, 1, pages*4 + DUMP_PREFIX_LENGTH, fout );
	if (fout)
		fclose(fout);
		
	PrintAndLogEx(SUCCESS, "Dumped %d pages, wrote %d bytes to %s", pages + (DUMP_PREFIX_LENGTH/4), pages*4 + DUMP_PREFIX_LENGTH, filename);
	
	if ( is_partial ) 
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Partial dump created. (%d of %d blocks)", pages, card_mem_size);
	
	return 0;
}

static void wait4response(uint8_t b){
	UsbCommand resp;
	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500)) {
		uint8_t isOK  = resp.arg[0] & 0xff;
		if ( !isOK )
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "failed to write block %d", b);
	} else {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Command execute timeout");
	}
}

//
//  Restore dump file onto tag
//
int CmdHF14AMfURestore(const char *Cmd){

	char tempStr[50] = {0};
	char filename[FILE_PATH_SIZE] = {0};
	uint8_t authkey[16] = {0};	
	uint8_t	*p_authkey = authkey;
	uint8_t cmdp = 0, keylen = 0;
	bool hasKey = false;
	bool swapEndian = false;
	bool errors = false;
	bool write_special = false;
	bool write_extra = false;
	bool read_key = false;
	size_t filelen = 0;
	FILE *f;
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_MIFAREU_WRITEBL, {0,0,0}};

	memset(authkey, 0x00, sizeof(authkey));
	
	while(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00 && !errors) {
		switch(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp)) {
		case 'h':
		case 'H':
			return usage_hf_mfu_restore();
		case 'k':
		case 'K':
			keylen = param_getstr(Cmd, cmdp+1, tempStr, sizeof(tempStr));
			if (keylen == 32 || keylen == 8) { //ul-c or ev1/ntag key length
				errors = param_gethex(tempStr, 0, authkey, keylen);
				keylen /= 2;
			} else {
				PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "ERROR: Key is incorrect length\n");
				errors = true;
			}
			cmdp += 2;
			hasKey = true;
			break;
		case 'l':
		case 'L':
			swapEndian = true;
			cmdp++;
			break;
		case 'f':
		case 'F':
			filelen = param_getstr(Cmd, cmdp+1, filename, FILE_PATH_SIZE);

			if (filelen > FILE_PATH_SIZE-5)
				filelen = FILE_PATH_SIZE-5;
			
			if (filelen < 1)
				sprintf(filename, "dumpdata.bin");

			cmdp += 2;
			break;
		case 's':
		case 'S':
			cmdp++;
			write_special = true;
			break;
		case 'e':
		case 'E':
			cmdp++;
			write_extra = true;
			break;
		case 'r':
		case 'R':
			cmdp++;
			read_key = true;
			break;
		default:
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Unknown parameter '%c'", param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp));
			errors = true;
			break;
		}
	}

	//Validations
	if (errors || cmdp == 0) return usage_hf_mfu_restore();
	
	if ((f = fopen(filename,"rb")) == NULL) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Could not find file %s", filename);
		return 1;
	}	

	// get filesize to know how memory to allocate
	fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
	long fsize = ftell(f);
	fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
	if (fsize < 0) 	{
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Error, when getting filesize");
		fclose(f);
		return 1;
	}

	uint8_t *dump = malloc(fsize);

	// read all data
	size_t bytes_read = fread(dump, 1, fsize, f);
	fclose(f);
	if ( bytes_read < 48 ) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Error, dump file is too small");
		return 1;
	}
	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Restoring %s to card", filename);
	
	mfu_dump_t *mem = (mfu_dump_t*)dump;
	uint8_t pages = (bytes_read-48)/4;
	
	// print dump
	printMFUdumpEx(mem, pages, 0);
	
	// Swap endianness 
	if (swapEndian && hasKey) {
		if ( keylen == 16 )
			p_authkey = SwapEndian64(authkey, keylen, 8);
		else
			p_authkey = SwapEndian64(authkey, keylen, 4);
	}

	// set key - only once
	if ( hasKey ){
		c.arg[1] = (keylen == 16) ? 1 : 2;
		memcpy(c.d.asBytes+4, p_authkey, keylen);
	}
	
	// write version, signature, pack
	// only magic NTAG cards
	if ( write_extra ) {
		
		#define MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_PWD		0xF0
		#define MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_PACK		0xF1
		#define MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_VERSION	0xFA
		#define MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_SIGNATURE	0xF2
		// pwd
		if ( hasKey || read_key) {
			c.arg[0] = MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_PWD;

			if (read_key) {
				// try reading key from dump and use.
				memcpy(c.d.asBytes, mem->data + ( bytes_read - 48 - 8), 4);
			} else {
				memcpy(c.d.asBytes,  p_authkey, 4 );
			}

			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "special PWD     block written 0x%X - %s\n", MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_PWD, sprint_hex(c.d.asBytes, 4));
			clearCommandBuffer();
			SendCommand(&c);
			wait4response(MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_PWD);
			
			// copy the new key
			c.arg[1] = 2;
			memcpy(authkey, c.d.asBytes, 4);
			memcpy(c.d.asBytes+4, authkey, 4);
		}
		
		// pack
		c.arg[0] = MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_PACK;
		c.d.asBytes[0] = mem->pack[0];
		c.d.asBytes[1] = mem->pack[1];
		c.d.asBytes[2] = 0;
		c.d.asBytes[3] = 0;
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "special PACK    block written 0x%X - %s\n", MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_PACK, sprint_hex(c.d.asBytes, 4));
		clearCommandBuffer();
		SendCommand(&c);
		wait4response(MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_PACK);
		
		// Signature
		for (uint8_t s = MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_SIGNATURE, i=0; s < MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_SIGNATURE+8; s++, i += 4){
			c.arg[0] = s;
			memcpy(c.d.asBytes, mem->signature+i, 4);
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "special SIG     block written 0x%X - %s\n", s, sprint_hex(c.d.asBytes, 4) );
			clearCommandBuffer();
			SendCommand(&c);
			wait4response(s);		
		}
		
		// Version
		for (uint8_t s = MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_VERSION, i=0; s < MFU_NTAG_SPECIAL_VERSION+2; s++, i += 4){		
			c.arg[0] = s;
			memcpy(c.d.asBytes, mem->version+i, 4 );			
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "special VERSION block written 0x%X - %s\n", s, sprint_hex(c.d.asBytes, 4) );
			clearCommandBuffer();
			SendCommand(&c);
			wait4response(s);
		}
	}
	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Restoring data blocks.");
	// write all other data 
	// Skip block 0,1,2,3 (only magic tags can write to them)
	// Skip last 5 blocks usually is configuration
	for (uint8_t b = 4; b < pages-5; b++) {
		
		//Send write Block
		c.arg[0] = b;
		memcpy(c.d.asBytes, mem->data + (b*4), 4);
		clearCommandBuffer();
		SendCommand(&c);
		wait4response(b);
		printf("."); fflush(stdout);
	}
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n");
	
	// write special data last
	if (write_special) {
		
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Restoring configuration blocks.\n");
		
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "authentication with keytype[%x]  %s\n", (uint8_t)(c.arg[1] & 0xff), sprint_hex(p_authkey,4));
		
		// otp, uid, lock, cfg1, cfg0, dynlockbits
		uint8_t blocks[] = {3, 0, 1, 2, pages-5, pages-4, pages-3};
		for ( uint8_t i = 0; i < sizeof(blocks); i++){
			uint8_t b = blocks[i];
			c.arg[0] = b;
			memcpy(c.d.asBytes, mem->data + (b*4), 4);
			clearCommandBuffer();
			SendCommand(&c);
			wait4response(b);
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "special block written %u - %s\n", b, sprint_hex(c.d.asBytes, 4) );
		}
	}
	
	DropField();
	free(dump);
	return 0;	
}
//
//  Load emulator with dump file
//
int CmdHF14AMfUeLoad(const char *Cmd){
	char c = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	if ( c == 'h' || c == 'H' || c == 0x00) return usage_hf_mfu_eload();
	return CmdHF14AMfELoad(Cmd);
}
//
//  Simulate tag
//
int CmdHF14AMfUSim(const char *Cmd){
	char c = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	if ( c == 'h' || c == 'H' || c == 0x00) return usage_hf_mfu_sim();
	return CmdHF14ASim(Cmd);
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Ultralight C Methods
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//
// Ultralight C Authentication Demo {currently uses hard-coded key}
//
int CmdHF14AMfucAuth(const char *Cmd){

	uint8_t keyNo = 3;
	bool errors = false;

	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);

	//Change key to user defined one
	if (cmdp == 'k' || cmdp == 'K'){
		keyNo = param_get8(Cmd, 1);
		if(keyNo >= KEYS_3DES_COUNT) 
			errors = true;
	}

	if (cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') errors = true;
	
	if (errors) return usage_hf_mfu_ucauth(); 

	uint8_t *key = default_3des_keys[keyNo];
	if (ulc_authentication(key, true))
		PrintAndLogEx(SUCCESS, "Authentication successful. 3des key: %s",sprint_hex(key, 16));
	else
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Authentication failed");
		
	return 0;
}

/**
A test function to validate that the polarssl-function works the same 
was as the openssl-implementation. 
Commented out, since it requires openssl 

int CmdTestDES(const char * cmd)
{
	uint8_t key[16] = {0x00};	
	
	memcpy(key,key3_3des_data,16);  
	DES_cblock RndA, RndB;

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "----------OpenSSL DES implementation----------");
	{
		uint8_t e_RndB[8] = {0x00};
		unsigned char RndARndB[16] = {0x00};

		DES_cblock iv = { 0 };
		DES_key_schedule ks1,ks2;
		DES_cblock key1,key2;

		memcpy(key,key3_3des_data,16);  
		memcpy(key1,key,8);
		memcpy(key2,key+8,8);


		DES_set_key((DES_cblock *)key1,&ks1);
		DES_set_key((DES_cblock *)key2,&ks2);

		DES_random_key(&RndA);
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "     RndA:%s",sprint_hex(RndA, 8));
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "     e_RndB:%s",sprint_hex(e_RndB, 8));
		//void DES_ede2_cbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input,
		//    unsigned char *output, long length, DES_key_schedule *ks1,
		//    DES_key_schedule *ks2, DES_cblock *ivec, int enc);
		DES_ede2_cbc_encrypt(e_RndB,RndB,sizeof(e_RndB),&ks1,&ks2,&iv,0);

		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "     RndB:%s",sprint_hex(RndB, 8));
		rol(RndB,8);
		memcpy(RndARndB,RndA,8);
		memcpy(RndARndB+8,RndB,8);
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "     RA+B:%s",sprint_hex(RndARndB, 16));
		DES_ede2_cbc_encrypt(RndARndB,RndARndB,sizeof(RndARndB),&ks1,&ks2,&e_RndB,1);
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "enc(RA+B):%s",sprint_hex(RndARndB, 16));

	}
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "----------PolarSSL implementation----------");
	{
		uint8_t random_a[8]     = { 0 };
		uint8_t enc_random_a[8] = { 0 };
		uint8_t random_b[8]     = { 0 };
		uint8_t enc_random_b[8] = { 0 };
		uint8_t random_a_and_b[16] = { 0 };
		des3_context ctx        = { 0 };

		memcpy(random_a, RndA,8);

		uint8_t output[8]       = { 0 };
		uint8_t iv[8]           = { 0 };

		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "     RndA  :%s",sprint_hex(random_a, 8));
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "     e_RndB:%s",sprint_hex(enc_random_b, 8));

		des3_set2key_dec(&ctx, key);

		des3_crypt_cbc(&ctx      // des3_context *ctx
			, DES_DECRYPT        // int mode
			, sizeof(random_b)   // size_t length
			, iv                 // unsigned char iv[8]
			, enc_random_b       // const unsigned char *input
			, random_b           // unsigned char *output
			);

		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "     RndB:%s",sprint_hex(random_b, 8));

		rol(random_b,8);
		memcpy(random_a_and_b  ,random_a,8);
		memcpy(random_a_and_b+8,random_b,8);
		
		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "     RA+B:%s",sprint_hex(random_a_and_b, 16));

		des3_set2key_enc(&ctx, key);

		des3_crypt_cbc(&ctx          // des3_context *ctx
			, DES_ENCRYPT            // int mode
			, sizeof(random_a_and_b)   // size_t length
			, enc_random_b           // unsigned char iv[8]
			, random_a_and_b         // const unsigned char *input
			, random_a_and_b         // unsigned char *output
			);

		PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "enc(RA+B):%s",sprint_hex(random_a_and_b, 16));
	}
	return 0;	
}
**/

// 
// Mifare Ultralight C - Set password
//
int CmdHF14AMfucSetPwd(const char *Cmd){

	uint8_t pwd[16] = {0x00};	
	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);

	if (strlen(Cmd) == 0  || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') return usage_hf_mfu_ucsetpwd();
	
	if (param_gethex(Cmd, 0, pwd, 32)) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Password must include 32 HEX symbols");
		return 1;
	}
	
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_MIFAREUC_SETPWD};	
	memcpy( c.d.asBytes, pwd, 16);
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);

	UsbCommand resp;
	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500) ) {
		if ( (resp.arg[0] & 0xff) == 1) {
			PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Ultralight-C new password: %s", sprint_hex(pwd,16));
		} else {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Failed writing at block %d", resp.arg[1] & 0xff);
			return 1;
		}
	} else {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "command execution time out");
		return 1;
	}	
	return 0;
}

//
// Magic UL / UL-C tags  - Set UID
//
int CmdHF14AMfucSetUid(const char *Cmd){

	UsbCommand c;
	UsbCommand resp;
	uint8_t uid[7] = {0x00};
	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	
	if (strlen(Cmd) == 0  || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') return usage_hf_mfu_ucsetuid();

	if (param_gethex(Cmd, 0, uid, 14)) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "UID must include 14 HEX symbols");
		return 1;
	}

	// read block2. 
	c.cmd = CMD_MIFAREU_READBL;
	c.arg[0] = 2;
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500)) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Command execute timeout");
		return 2;
	}

	// save old block2.
	uint8_t oldblock2[4] = {0x00};
	memcpy(resp.d.asBytes, oldblock2, 4);
	
	// block 0.
	c.cmd = CMD_MIFAREU_WRITEBL;
	c.arg[0] = 0;
	c.d.asBytes[0] = uid[0];
	c.d.asBytes[1] = uid[1];
	c.d.asBytes[2] = uid[2];
	c.d.asBytes[3] =  0x88 ^ uid[0] ^ uid[1] ^ uid[2];
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500)) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Command execute timeout");
		return 3;
	}

	// block 1.
	c.arg[0] = 1;
	c.d.asBytes[0] = uid[3];
	c.d.asBytes[1] = uid[4];
	c.d.asBytes[2] = uid[5];
	c.d.asBytes[3] = uid[6];
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500) ) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Command execute timeout");
		return 4;
	}

	// block 2.
	c.arg[0] = 2;
	c.d.asBytes[0] = uid[3] ^ uid[4] ^ uid[5] ^ uid[6];
	c.d.asBytes[1] = oldblock2[1];
	c.d.asBytes[2] = oldblock2[2];
	c.d.asBytes[3] = oldblock2[3];
	clearCommandBuffer();
	SendCommand(&c);
	if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500) ) {
		PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Command execute timeout");
		return 5;
	}	
	return 0;
}

int CmdHF14AMfuGenDiverseKeys(const char *Cmd){

	uint8_t uid[4];	
	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	if (strlen(Cmd) == 0  || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') return usage_hf_mfu_gendiverse();

	if ( cmdp == 'r' || cmdp == 'R') {
			// read uid from tag
		UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_CONNECT | ISO14A_NO_RATS, 0, 0}};
		clearCommandBuffer();
		SendCommand(&c);
		UsbCommand resp;
		WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK, &resp);
		iso14a_card_select_t card;
		memcpy(&card, (iso14a_card_select_t *)resp.d.asBytes, sizeof(iso14a_card_select_t));
		
		uint64_t select_status = resp.arg[0];		// 0: couldn't read, 1: OK, with ATS, 2: OK, no ATS, 3: proprietary Anticollision
		if(select_status == 0) {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "iso14443a card select failed");
			return 1;
		}
		if ( card.uidlen != 4 ) {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Wrong sized UID, expected 4bytes got %d", card.uidlen);
			return 1;
		}
		memcpy(uid, card.uid, sizeof(uid));	
	}
	else {
		if (param_gethex(Cmd, 0, uid, 8)) return usage_hf_mfu_gendiverse();
	}
	
	
	uint8_t iv[8] = { 0x00 };
	uint8_t block = 0x01;
	
	uint8_t mifarekeyA[] = { 0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5 };
	uint8_t mifarekeyB[] = { 0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5 };
	uint8_t dkeyA[8] = { 0x00 };
	uint8_t dkeyB[8] = { 0x00 };
	
	uint8_t masterkey[] = { 0x00,0x11,0x22,0x33,0x44,0x55,0x66,0x77,0x88,0x99,0xaa,0xbb,0xcc,0xdd,0xee,0xff };
	
	uint8_t mix[8] = { 0x00 };
	uint8_t divkey[8] = { 0x00 };
	
	memcpy(mix, mifarekeyA, 4);
	
	mix[4] = mifarekeyA[4] ^ uid[0];
	mix[5] = mifarekeyA[5] ^ uid[1];
	mix[6] = block ^ uid[2];
	mix[7] = uid[3];
	
	des3_context ctx = { 0x00 };
	des3_set2key_enc(&ctx, masterkey);

	des3_crypt_cbc(&ctx  // des3_context
		, DES_ENCRYPT    // int mode
		, sizeof(mix)    // length
		, iv             // iv[8]
		, mix            // input
		, divkey         // output
		);

	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "-- 3DES version");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Masterkey    :\t %s", sprint_hex(masterkey,sizeof(masterkey)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "UID          :\t %s", sprint_hex(uid, sizeof(uid)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "block        :\t %0d", block);
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Mifare key   :\t %s", sprint_hex(mifarekeyA, sizeof(mifarekeyA)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Message      :\t %s", sprint_hex(mix, sizeof(mix)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Diversified key: %s", sprint_hex(divkey+1, 6));
	
	for (int i=0; i < sizeof(mifarekeyA); ++i){
		dkeyA[i] = (mifarekeyA[i] << 1) & 0xff;
		dkeyA[6] |=  ((mifarekeyA[i] >> 7) & 1) << (i+1);
	}
	
	for (int i=0; i < sizeof(mifarekeyB); ++i){
		dkeyB[1] |=  ((mifarekeyB[i] >> 7) & 1) << (i+1);
		dkeyB[2+i] = (mifarekeyB[i] << 1) & 0xff;
	}
	
	uint8_t zeros[8] = {0x00};
	uint8_t newpwd[8] = {0x00};
	uint8_t dmkey[24] = {0x00};
	memcpy(dmkey, dkeyA, 8);
	memcpy(dmkey+8, dkeyB, 8);
	memcpy(dmkey+16, dkeyA, 8);
	memset(iv, 0x00, 8);
	
	des3_set3key_enc(&ctx, dmkey);

	des3_crypt_cbc(&ctx  // des3_context
		, DES_ENCRYPT    // int mode
		, sizeof(newpwd) // length
		, iv             // iv[8]
		, zeros         // input
		, newpwd         // output
		);
	
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "\n-- DES version");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Mifare dkeyA :\t %s", sprint_hex(dkeyA, sizeof(dkeyA)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Mifare dkeyB :\t %s", sprint_hex(dkeyB, sizeof(dkeyB)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Mifare ABA   :\t %s", sprint_hex(dmkey, sizeof(dmkey)));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "Mifare Pwd   :\t %s", sprint_hex(newpwd, sizeof(newpwd)));
	
	// next. from the diversify_key method.	
	return 0;
}

int CmdHF14AMfuPwdGen(const char *Cmd){
	
	uint8_t uid[7] = {0x00};	
	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	if (strlen(Cmd) == 0  || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') return usage_hf_mfu_pwdgen();
	if (cmdp == 't' || cmdp == 'T') return 	ul_ev1_pwdgen_selftest();
	
	if ( cmdp == 'r' || cmdp == 'R') {
			// read uid from tag
		UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_CONNECT | ISO14A_NO_RATS, 0, 0}};
		clearCommandBuffer();
		SendCommand(&c);
		UsbCommand resp;
		WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK, &resp);
		iso14a_card_select_t card;
		memcpy(&card, (iso14a_card_select_t *)resp.d.asBytes, sizeof(iso14a_card_select_t));
		
		uint64_t select_status = resp.arg[0];		// 0: couldn't read, 1: OK, with ATS, 2: OK, no ATS, 3: proprietary Anticollision
		if(select_status == 0) {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "iso14443a card select failed");
			return 1;
		}
		if ( card.uidlen != 7 ) {
			PrintAndLogEx(WARNING, "Wrong sized UID, expected 7bytes got %d", card.uidlen);
			return 1;
		}
		memcpy(uid, card.uid, sizeof(uid));	
	}
	else {
		if (param_gethex(Cmd, 0, uid, 14)) return usage_hf_mfu_pwdgen();
	}
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "---------------------------------");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " Using UID : %s", sprint_hex(uid, 7));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "---------------------------------");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " algo | pwd      | pack");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "------+----------+-----");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " EV1  | %08X | %04X", ul_ev1_pwdgenA(uid), ul_ev1_packgenA(uid));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " Ami  | %08X | %04X", ul_ev1_pwdgenB(uid), ul_ev1_packgenB(uid));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " LD   | %08X | %04X", ul_ev1_pwdgenC(uid), ul_ev1_packgenC(uid));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " XYZ  | %08X | %04X", ul_ev1_pwdgenD(uid), ul_ev1_packgenD(uid));
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "------+----------+-----");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, " Vingcard algo");
	PrintAndLogEx(NORMAL, "--------------------");
	return 0;
}
//------------------------------------
// Menu Stuff
//------------------------------------
static command_t CommandTable[] =
{
	{"help",	CmdHelp,			1, "This help"},
	{"dbg",		CmdHF14AMfDbg,		0, "Set default debug mode"},
	{"info",	CmdHF14AMfUInfo,	0, "Tag information"},
	{"dump",	CmdHF14AMfUDump,	0, "Dump Ultralight / Ultralight-C / NTAG tag to binary file"},
	{"restore", CmdHF14AMfURestore, 0, "Restore a dump onto a MFU MAGIC tag"},
	{"eload",	CmdHF14AMfUeLoad,   0, "load Ultralight .eml dump file into emulator memory"},	
	{"rdbl",	CmdHF14AMfURdBl,	0, "Read block"},
	{"wrbl",	CmdHF14AMfUWrBl,	0, "Write block"},
	{"cauth",	CmdHF14AMfucAuth,	0, "Authentication    - Ultralight C"},
	{"setpwd",	CmdHF14AMfucSetPwd, 0, "Set 3des password - Ultralight-C"},
	{"setuid",	CmdHF14AMfucSetUid, 0, "Set UID - MAGIC tags only"},
	{"sim",		CmdHF14AMfUSim,     0, "Simulate Ultralight from emulator memory"},		
	{"gen",		CmdHF14AMfuGenDiverseKeys , 1, "Generate 3des mifare diversified keys"},
	{"pwdgen",	CmdHF14AMfuPwdGen, 1, "Generate pwd from known algos"},
	{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};

int CmdHFMFUltra(const char *Cmd){
	clearCommandBuffer();
	//WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,NULL,100);
	CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd);
	return 0;
}

int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd){
	CmdsHelp(CommandTable);
	return 0;
}