//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 2011, Merlok // Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh , Hagen Fritsch // // This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or, // at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of // the license. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // High frequency ISO14443A commands //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #include #include #include #include #include "util.h" #include "iso14443crc.h" #include "data.h" #include "proxmark3.h" #include "ui.h" #include "cmdparser.h" #include "cmdhf14a.h" #include "common.h" #include "cmdmain.h" #include "mifare.h" static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd); static void waitCmd(uint8_t iLen); // structure and database for uid -> tagtype lookups typedef struct { uint8_t uid; char* desc; } manufactureName; const manufactureName manufactureMapping[] = { // ID, "Vendor Country" { 0x01, "Motorola UK" }, { 0x02, "ST Microelectronics SA France" }, { 0x03, "Hitachi, Ltd Japan" }, { 0x04, "NXP Semiconductors Germany" }, { 0x05, "Infineon Technologies AG Germany" }, { 0x06, "Cylink USA" }, { 0x07, "Texas Instrument France" }, { 0x08, "Fujitsu Limited Japan" }, { 0x09, "Matsushita Electronics Corporation, Semiconductor Company Japan" }, { 0x0A, "NEC Japan" }, { 0x0B, "Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd Japan" }, { 0x0C, "Toshiba Corp. Japan" }, { 0x0D, "Mitsubishi Electric Corp. Japan" }, { 0x0E, "Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd Korea" }, { 0x0F, "Hynix / Hyundai, Korea" }, { 0x10, "LG-Semiconductors Co. Ltd Korea" }, { 0x11, "Emosyn-EM Microelectronics USA" }, { 0x12, "INSIDE Technology France" }, { 0x13, "ORGA Kartensysteme GmbH Germany" }, { 0x14, "SHARP Corporation Japan" }, { 0x15, "ATMEL France" }, { 0x16, "EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Switzerland" }, { 0x17, "KSW Microtec GmbH Germany" }, { 0x18, "ZMD AG Germany" }, { 0x19, "XICOR, Inc. USA" }, { 0x1A, "Sony Corporation Japan Identifier Company Country" }, { 0x1B, "Malaysia Microelectronic Solutions Sdn. Bhd Malaysia" }, { 0x1C, "Emosyn USA" }, { 0x1D, "Shanghai Fudan Microelectronics Co. Ltd. P.R. China" }, { 0x1E, "Magellan Technology Pty Limited Australia" }, { 0x1F, "Melexis NV BO Switzerland" }, { 0x20, "Renesas Technology Corp. Japan" }, { 0x21, "TAGSYS France" }, { 0x22, "Transcore USA" }, { 0x23, "Shanghai belling corp., ltd. China" }, { 0x24, "Masktech Germany Gmbh Germany" }, { 0x25, "Innovision Research and Technology Plc UK" }, { 0x26, "Hitachi ULSI Systems Co., Ltd. Japan" }, { 0x27, "Cypak AB Sweden" }, { 0x28, "Ricoh Japan" }, { 0x29, "ASK France" }, { 0x2A, "Unicore Microsystems, LLC Russian Federation" }, { 0x2B, "Dallas Semiconductor/Maxim USA" }, { 0x2C, "Impinj, Inc. USA" }, { 0x2D, "RightPlug Alliance USA" }, { 0x2E, "Broadcom Corporation USA" }, { 0x2F, "MStar Semiconductor, Inc Taiwan, ROC" }, { 0x30, "BeeDar Technology Inc. USA" }, { 0x31, "RFIDsec Denmark" }, { 0x32, "Schweizer Electronic AG Germany" }, { 0x33, "AMIC Technology Corp Taiwan" }, { 0x34, "Mikron JSC Russia" }, { 0x35, "Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems Germany" }, { 0x36, "IDS Microchip AG Switzerland" }, { 0x37, "Kovio USA" }, { 0x38, "HMT Microelectronic Ltd Switzerland Identifier Company Country" }, { 0x39, "Silicon Craft Technology Thailand" }, { 0x3A, "Advanced Film Device Inc. Japan" }, { 0x3B, "Nitecrest Ltd UK" }, { 0x3C, "Verayo Inc. USA" }, { 0x3D, "HID Global USA" }, { 0x3E, "Productivity Engineering Gmbh Germany" }, { 0x3F, "Austriamicrosystems AG (reserved) Austria" }, { 0x40, "Gemalto SA France" }, { 0x41, "Renesas Electronics Corporation Japan" }, { 0x42, "3Alogics Inc Korea" }, { 0x43, "Top TroniQ Asia Limited Hong Kong" }, { 0x44, "Gentag Inc (USA) USA" }, { 0x00, "no tag-info available" } // must be the last entry }; // get a product description based on the UID // uid[8] tag uid // returns description of the best match char* getTagInfo(uint8_t uid) { int i; int len = sizeof(manufactureMapping) / sizeof(manufactureName); for ( i = 0; i < len; ++i ) if ( uid == manufactureMapping[i].uid) return manufactureMapping[i].desc; //No match, return default return manufactureMapping[len-1].desc; } int CmdHF14AList(const char *Cmd) { PrintAndLog("Deprecated command, use 'hf list 14a' instead"); return 0; } int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd) { UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_CONNECT | ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT, 0, 0}}; SendCommand(&c); UsbCommand resp; WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp); iso14a_card_select_t card; memcpy(&card, (iso14a_card_select_t *)resp.d.asBytes, sizeof(iso14a_card_select_t)); uint64_t select_status = resp.arg[0]; // 0: couldn't read, 1: OK, with ATS, 2: OK, no ATS if(select_status == 0) { PrintAndLog("iso14443a card select failed"); // disconnect c.arg[0] = 0; c.arg[1] = 0; c.arg[2] = 0; SendCommand(&c); return 0; } PrintAndLog("ATQA : %02x %02x", card.atqa[1], card.atqa[0]); PrintAndLog(" UID : %s", sprint_hex(card.uid, card.uidlen)); PrintAndLog(" SAK : %02x [%d]", card.sak, resp.arg[0]); // Double & triple sized UID, can be mapped to a manufacturer. // HACK: does this apply for Ultralight cards? if ( card.uidlen > 4 ) { PrintAndLog("MANUFACTURER : %s", getTagInfo(card.uid[0])); } switch (card.sak) { case 0x00: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Ultralight | Ultralight C"); break; case 0x01: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP TNP3xxx Activision Game Appliance"); break; case 0x04: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE (various !DESFire !DESFire EV1)"); break; case 0x08: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE CLASSIC 1k | Plus 2k SL1"); break; case 0x09: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Mini 0.3k"); break; case 0x10: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Plus 2k SL2"); break; case 0x11: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Plus 4k SL2"); break; case 0x18: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Classic 4k | Plus 4k SL1"); break; case 0x20: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE DESFire 4k | DESFire EV1 2k/4k/8k | Plus 2k/4k SL3 | JCOP 31/41"); break; case 0x24: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE DESFire | DESFire EV1"); break; case 0x28: PrintAndLog("TYPE : JCOP31 or JCOP41 v2.3.1"); break; case 0x38: PrintAndLog("TYPE : Nokia 6212 or 6131 MIFARE CLASSIC 4K"); break; case 0x88: PrintAndLog("TYPE : Infineon MIFARE CLASSIC 1K"); break; case 0x98: PrintAndLog("TYPE : Gemplus MPCOS"); break; default: ; } // try to request ATS even if tag claims not to support it if (select_status == 2) { uint8_t rats[] = { 0xE0, 0x80 }; // FSDI=8 (FSD=256), CID=0 c.arg[0] = ISO14A_RAW | ISO14A_APPEND_CRC | ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT; c.arg[1] = 2; c.arg[2] = 0; memcpy(c.d.asBytes, rats, 2); SendCommand(&c); WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp); memcpy(&card.ats, resp.d.asBytes, resp.arg[0]); card.ats_len = resp.arg[0]; // note: ats_len includes CRC Bytes } if(card.ats_len >= 3) { // a valid ATS consists of at least the length byte (TL) and 2 CRC bytes bool ta1 = 0, tb1 = 0, tc1 = 0; int pos; if (select_status == 2) { PrintAndLog("SAK incorrectly claims that card doesn't support RATS"); } PrintAndLog(" ATS : %s", sprint_hex(card.ats, card.ats_len)); PrintAndLog(" - TL : length is %d bytes", card.ats[0]); if (card.ats[0] != card.ats_len - 2) { PrintAndLog("ATS may be corrupted. Length of ATS (%d bytes incl. 2 Bytes CRC) doesn't match TL", card.ats_len); } if (card.ats[0] > 1) { // there is a format byte (T0) ta1 = (card.ats[1] & 0x10) == 0x10; tb1 = (card.ats[1] & 0x20) == 0x20; tc1 = (card.ats[1] & 0x40) == 0x40; int16_t fsci = card.ats[1] & 0x0f; PrintAndLog(" - T0 : TA1 is%s present, TB1 is%s present, " "TC1 is%s present, FSCI is %d (FSC = %ld)", (ta1 ? "" : " NOT"), (tb1 ? "" : " NOT"), (tc1 ? "" : " NOT"), fsci, fsci < 5 ? (fsci - 2) * 8 : fsci < 8 ? (fsci - 3) * 32 : fsci == 8 ? 256 : -1 ); } pos = 2; if (ta1) { char dr[16], ds[16]; dr[0] = ds[0] = '\0'; if (card.ats[pos] & 0x10) strcat(ds, "2, "); if (card.ats[pos] & 0x20) strcat(ds, "4, "); if (card.ats[pos] & 0x40) strcat(ds, "8, "); if (card.ats[pos] & 0x01) strcat(dr, "2, "); if (card.ats[pos] & 0x02) strcat(dr, "4, "); if (card.ats[pos] & 0x04) strcat(dr, "8, "); if (strlen(ds) != 0) ds[strlen(ds) - 2] = '\0'; if (strlen(dr) != 0) dr[strlen(dr) - 2] = '\0'; PrintAndLog(" - TA1 : different divisors are%s supported, " "DR: [%s], DS: [%s]", (card.ats[pos] & 0x80 ? " NOT" : ""), dr, ds); pos++; } if (tb1) { uint32_t sfgi = card.ats[pos] & 0x0F; uint32_t fwi = card.ats[pos] >> 4; PrintAndLog(" - TB1 : SFGI = %d (SFGT = %s%ld/fc), FWI = %d (FWT = %ld/fc)", (sfgi), sfgi ? "" : "(not needed) ", sfgi ? (1 << 12) << sfgi : 0, fwi, (1 << 12) << fwi ); pos++; } if (tc1) { PrintAndLog(" - TC1 : NAD is%s supported, CID is%s supported", (card.ats[pos] & 0x01) ? "" : " NOT", (card.ats[pos] & 0x02) ? "" : " NOT"); pos++; } if (card.ats[0] > pos) { char *tip = ""; if (card.ats[0] - pos >= 7) { if (memcmp(card.ats + pos, "\xC1\x05\x2F\x2F\x01\xBC\xD6", 7) == 0) { tip = "-> MIFARE Plus X 2K or 4K"; } else if (memcmp(card.ats + pos, "\xC1\x05\x2F\x2F\x00\x35\xC7", 7) == 0) { tip = "-> MIFARE Plus S 2K or 4K"; } } PrintAndLog(" - HB : %s%s", sprint_hex(card.ats + pos, card.ats[0] - pos), tip); if (card.ats[pos] == 0xC1) { PrintAndLog(" c1 -> Mifare or (multiple) virtual cards of various type"); PrintAndLog(" %02x -> Length is %d bytes", card.ats[pos + 1], card.ats[pos + 1]); switch (card.ats[pos + 2] & 0xf0) { case 0x10: PrintAndLog(" 1x -> MIFARE DESFire"); break; case 0x20: PrintAndLog(" 2x -> MIFARE Plus"); break; } switch (card.ats[pos + 2] & 0x0f) { case 0x00: PrintAndLog(" x0 -> <1 kByte"); break; case 0x01: PrintAndLog(" x0 -> 1 kByte"); break; case 0x02: PrintAndLog(" x0 -> 2 kByte"); break; case 0x03: PrintAndLog(" x0 -> 4 kByte"); break; case 0x04: PrintAndLog(" x0 -> 8 kByte"); break; } switch (card.ats[pos + 3] & 0xf0) { case 0x00: PrintAndLog(" 0x -> Engineering sample"); break; case 0x20: PrintAndLog(" 2x -> Released"); break; } switch (card.ats[pos + 3] & 0x0f) { case 0x00: PrintAndLog(" x0 -> Generation 1"); break; case 0x01: PrintAndLog(" x1 -> Generation 2"); break; case 0x02: PrintAndLog(" x2 -> Generation 3"); break; } switch (card.ats[pos + 4] & 0x0f) { case 0x00: PrintAndLog(" x0 -> Only VCSL supported"); break; case 0x01: PrintAndLog(" x1 -> VCS, VCSL, and SVC supported"); break; case 0x0E: PrintAndLog(" xE -> no VCS command supported"); break; } } } } else { PrintAndLog("proprietary non iso14443-4 card found, RATS not supported"); } // try to see if card responses to "chinese magic backdoor" commands. c.cmd = CMD_MIFARE_CIDENT; c.arg[0] = 0; c.arg[1] = 0; c.arg[2] = 0; SendCommand(&c); WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp); uint8_t isOK = resp.arg[0] & 0xff; PrintAndLog("Answers to chinese magic backdoor commands: %s", (isOK ? "YES" : "NO") ); // disconnect c.cmd = CMD_READER_ISO_14443a; c.arg[0] = 0; c.arg[1] = 0; c.arg[2] = 0; SendCommand(&c); return select_status; } // Collect ISO14443 Type A UIDs int CmdHF14ACUIDs(const char *Cmd) { // requested number of UIDs int n = atoi(Cmd); // collect at least 1 (e.g. if no parameter was given) n = n > 0 ? n : 1; PrintAndLog("Collecting %d UIDs", n); PrintAndLog("Start: %u", time(NULL)); // repeat n times for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { // execute anticollision procedure UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_CONNECT, 0, 0}}; SendCommand(&c); UsbCommand resp; WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp); iso14a_card_select_t *card = (iso14a_card_select_t *) resp.d.asBytes; // check if command failed if (resp.arg[0] == 0) { PrintAndLog("Card select failed."); } else { char uid_string[20]; for (uint16_t i = 0; i < card->uidlen; i++) { sprintf(&uid_string[2*i], "%02X", card->uid[i]); } PrintAndLog("%s", uid_string); } } PrintAndLog("End: %u", time(NULL)); return 1; } // ## simulate iso14443a tag // ## greg - added ability to specify tag UID int CmdHF14ASim(const char *Cmd) { UsbCommand c = {CMD_SIMULATE_TAG_ISO_14443a,{0,0,0}}; // Retrieve the tag type uint8_t tagtype = param_get8ex(Cmd,0,0,10); // When no argument was given, just print help message if (tagtype == 0) { PrintAndLog(""); PrintAndLog(" Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with 4 or 7 byte UID"); PrintAndLog(""); PrintAndLog(" syntax: hf 14a sim "); PrintAndLog(" types: 1 = MIFARE Classic"); PrintAndLog(" 2 = MIFARE Ultralight"); PrintAndLog(" 3 = MIFARE Desfire"); PrintAndLog(" 4 = ISO/IEC 14443-4"); PrintAndLog(" 5 = MIFARE Tnp3xxx"); PrintAndLog(""); return 1; } // Store the tag type c.arg[0] = tagtype; // Retrieve the full 4 or 7 byte long uid uint64_t long_uid = param_get64ex(Cmd,1,0,16); // Are we handling the (optional) second part uid? if (long_uid > 0xffffffff) { PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with 7 byte UID (%014"llx")",long_uid); // Store the second part c.arg[2] = (long_uid & 0xffffffff); long_uid >>= 32; // Store the first part, ignore the first byte, it is replaced by cascade byte (0x88) c.arg[1] = (long_uid & 0xffffff); } else { PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with 4 byte UID (%08x)",long_uid); // Only store the first part c.arg[1] = long_uid & 0xffffffff; } /* // At lease save the mandatory first part of the UID c.arg[0] = long_uid & 0xffffffff; if (c.arg[1] == 0) { PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with UID %01d %08x %08x",c.arg[0],c.arg[1],c.arg[2]); } switch (c.arg[0]) { case 1: { PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443-3 type A tag with 4 byte UID"); UsbCommand c = {CMD_SIMULATE_TAG_ISO_14443a,param_get32ex(Cmd,0,0,10),param_get32ex(Cmd,1,0,16),param_get32ex(Cmd,2,0,16)}; } break; case 2: { PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443-4 type A tag with 7 byte UID"); } break; default: { PrintAndLog("Error: unkown tag type (%d)",c.arg[0]); PrintAndLog("syntax: hf 14a sim ",c.arg[0]); PrintAndLog(" type1: 4 ",c.arg[0]); return 1; } break; } */ /* unsigned int hi = 0, lo = 0; int n = 0, i = 0; while (sscanf(&Cmd[i++], "%1x", &n ) == 1) { hi= (hi << 4) | (lo >> 28); lo= (lo << 4) | (n & 0xf); } */ // UsbCommand c = {CMD_SIMULATE_TAG_ISO_14443a,param_get32ex(Cmd,0,0,10),param_get32ex(Cmd,1,0,16),param_get32ex(Cmd,2,0,16)}; // PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with UID %01d %08x %08x",c.arg[0],c.arg[1],c.arg[2]); SendCommand(&c); return 0; } int CmdHF14ASnoop(const char *Cmd) { int param = 0; uint8_t ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0) ; if (ctmp == 'h' || ctmp == 'H') { PrintAndLog("It get data from the field and saves it into command buffer."); PrintAndLog("Buffer accessible from command hf list 14a."); PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 14a snoop [c][r]"); PrintAndLog("c - triggered by first data from card"); PrintAndLog("r - triggered by first 7-bit request from reader (REQ,WUP,...)"); PrintAndLog("sample: hf 14a snoop c r"); return 0; } for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, i); if (ctmp == 'c' || ctmp == 'C') param |= 0x01; if (ctmp == 'r' || ctmp == 'R') param |= 0x02; } UsbCommand c = {CMD_SNOOP_ISO_14443a, {param, 0, 0}}; SendCommand(&c); return 0; } int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) { UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {0, 0, 0}}; uint8_t reply=1; uint8_t crc=0; uint8_t power=0; uint8_t active=0; uint8_t active_select=0; uint16_t numbits=0; uint32_t timeout=0; uint8_t bTimeout=0; char buf[5]=""; int i=0; uint8_t data[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE]; uint16_t datalen=0; uint32_t temp; if (strlen(cmd)<2) { PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 14a raw [-r] [-c] [-p] [-a] [-t] [-b] <0A 0B 0C ... hex>"); PrintAndLog(" -r do not read response"); PrintAndLog(" -c calculate and append CRC"); PrintAndLog(" -p leave the signal field ON after receive"); PrintAndLog(" -a active signal field ON without select"); PrintAndLog(" -s active signal field ON with select"); PrintAndLog(" -b number of bits to send. Useful for send partial byte"); PrintAndLog(" -t timeout in ms"); return 0; } // strip while (*cmd==' ' || *cmd=='\t') cmd++; while (cmd[i]!='\0') { if (cmd[i]==' ' || cmd[i]=='\t') { i++; continue; } if (cmd[i]=='-') { switch (cmd[i+1]) { case 'r': reply=0; break; case 'c': crc=1; break; case 'p': power=1; break; case 'a': active=1; break; case 's': active_select=1; break; case 'b': sscanf(cmd+i+2,"%d",&temp); numbits = temp & 0xFFFF; i+=3; while(cmd[i]!=' ' && cmd[i]!='\0') { i++; } i-=2; break; case 't': bTimeout=1; sscanf(cmd+i+2,"%d",&temp); timeout = temp; i+=3; while(cmd[i]!=' ' && cmd[i]!='\0') { i++; } i-=2; break; default: PrintAndLog("Invalid option"); return 0; } i+=2; continue; } if ((cmd[i]>='0' && cmd[i]<='9') || (cmd[i]>='a' && cmd[i]<='f') || (cmd[i]>='A' && cmd[i]<='F') ) { buf[strlen(buf)+1]=0; buf[strlen(buf)]=cmd[i]; i++; if (strlen(buf)>=2) { sscanf(buf,"%x",&temp); data[datalen]=(uint8_t)(temp & 0xff); *buf=0; if (++datalen>sizeof(data)){ if (crc) PrintAndLog("Buffer is full, we can't add CRC to your data"); break; } } continue; } PrintAndLog("Invalid char on input"); return 0; } if(crc && datalen>0 && datalen MAX_TIMEOUT) { timeout = MAX_TIMEOUT; PrintAndLog("Set timeout to 40542 seconds (11.26 hours). The max we can wait for response"); } c.arg[2] = 13560000 / 1000 / (8*16) * timeout; // timeout in ETUs (time to transfer 1 bit, approx. 9.4 us) } if(power) c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT; if(datalen>0) c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_RAW; // Max buffer is USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE c.arg[1] = (datalen & 0xFFFF) | (numbits << 16); memcpy(c.d.asBytes,data,datalen); SendCommand(&c); if (reply) { if(active_select) waitCmd(1); if(datalen>0) waitCmd(0); } // if reply return 0; } static void waitCmd(uint8_t iSelect) { uint8_t *recv; UsbCommand resp; char *hexout; if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500)) { recv = resp.d.asBytes; uint8_t iLen = iSelect ? resp.arg[1] : resp.arg[0]; PrintAndLog("received %i octets",iLen); if(!iLen) return; hexout = (char *)malloc(iLen * 3 + 1); if (hexout != NULL) { for (int i = 0; i < iLen; i++) { // data in hex sprintf(&hexout[i * 3], "%02X ", recv[i]); } PrintAndLog("%s", hexout); free(hexout); } else { PrintAndLog("malloc failed your client has low memory?"); } } else { PrintAndLog("timeout while waiting for reply."); } } static command_t CommandTable[] = { {"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"}, {"list", CmdHF14AList, 0, "[Deprecated] List ISO 14443a history"}, {"reader", CmdHF14AReader, 0, "Act like an ISO14443 Type A reader"}, {"cuids", CmdHF14ACUIDs, 0, " Collect n>0 ISO14443 Type A UIDs in one go"}, {"sim", CmdHF14ASim, 0, " -- Simulate ISO 14443a tag"}, {"snoop", CmdHF14ASnoop, 0, "Eavesdrop ISO 14443 Type A"}, {"raw", CmdHF14ACmdRaw, 0, "Send raw hex data to tag"}, {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL} }; int CmdHF14A(const char *Cmd) { // flush WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,NULL,100); // parse CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd); return 0; } int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd) { CmdsHelp(CommandTable); return 0; }