//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or, // at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of // the license. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Miscellaneous routines for low frequency tag operations. // Tags supported here so far are Texas Instruments (TI), HID, EM4x05, EM410x // Also routines for raw mode reading/simulating of LF waveform //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #include "proxmark3.h" #include "apps.h" #include "util.h" #include "hitag2.h" #include "crc16.h" #include "string.h" #include "lfdemod.h" #include "lfsampling.h" #include "protocols.h" #include "usb_cdc.h" // for usb_poll_validate_length #include "common.h" #include "flashmem.h" // persistence on mem #ifndef SHORT_COIL # define SHORT_COIL() LOW(GPIO_SSC_DOUT) #endif #ifndef OPEN_COIL # define OPEN_COIL() HIGH(GPIO_SSC_DOUT) #endif //#define START_GAP 31*8 // was 250 // SPEC: 1*8 to 50*8 - typ 15*8 (15fc) //#define WRITE_GAP 8*8 // 17*8 // was 160 // SPEC: 1*8 to 20*8 - typ 10*8 (10fc) //#define WRITE_0 15*8 // 18*8 // was 144 // SPEC: 16*8 to 32*8 - typ 24*8 (24fc) //#define WRITE_1 47*8 // 50*8 // was 400 // SPEC: 48*8 to 64*8 - typ 56*8 (56fc) 432 for T55x7; 448 for E5550 //#define READ_GAP 15*8 // VALUES TAKEN FROM EM4x function: SendForward // START_GAP = 440; (55*8) cycles at 125Khz (8us = 1cycle) // WRITE_GAP = 128; (16*8) // WRITE_1 = 256 32*8; (32*8) // These timings work for 4469/4269/4305 (with the 55*8 above) // WRITE_0 = 23*8 , 9*8 // Sam7s has several timers, we will use the source TIMER_CLOCK1 (aka AT91C_TC_CLKS_TIMER_DIV1_CLOCK) // TIMER_CLOCK1 = MCK/2, MCK is running at 48 MHz, Timer is running at 48/2 = 24 MHz // Hitag units (T0) have duration of 8 microseconds (us), which is 1/125000 per second (carrier) // T0 = TIMER_CLOCK1 / 125000 = 192 // 1 Cycle = 8 microseconds(us) == 1 field clock // new timer: // = 1us = 1.5ticks // 1fc = 8us = 12ticks /* Default LF T55xx config is set to: startgap = 31*8 writegap = 17*8 write_0 = 15*8 write_1 = 47*8 read_gap = 15*8 */ t55xx_config t_config = { 29 * 8, 17 * 8, 15 * 8, 47 * 8, 15 * 8 } ; void printT55xxConfig(void) { Dbprintf("LF T55XX config"); Dbprintf(" [a] startgap............%d*8 (%d)", t_config.start_gap / 8, t_config.start_gap); Dbprintf(" [b] writegap............%d*8 (%d)", t_config.write_gap / 8, t_config.write_gap); Dbprintf(" [c] write_0.............%d*8 (%d)", t_config.write_0 / 8, t_config.write_0); Dbprintf(" [d] write_1.............%d*8 (%d)", t_config.write_1 / 8, t_config.write_1); Dbprintf(" [e] readgap.............%d*8 (%d)", t_config.read_gap / 8, t_config.read_gap); } void setT55xxConfig(uint8_t arg0, t55xx_config *c) { if (c->start_gap != 0) t_config.start_gap = c->start_gap; if (c->write_gap != 0) t_config.write_gap = c->write_gap; if (c->write_0 != 0) t_config.write_0 = c->write_0; if (c->write_1 != 0) t_config.write_1 = c->write_1; if (c->read_gap != 0) t_config.read_gap = c->read_gap; printT55xxConfig(); #ifdef WITH_FLASH // shall persist to flashmem if (arg0 == 0) { return; } if (!FlashInit()) { return; } uint8_t *buf = BigBuf_malloc(T55XX_CONFIG_LEN); Flash_CheckBusy(BUSY_TIMEOUT); uint16_t res = Flash_ReadDataCont(T55XX_CONFIG_OFFSET, buf, T55XX_CONFIG_LEN); if (res == 0) { FlashStop(); BigBuf_free(); return; } memcpy(buf, &t_config, T55XX_CONFIG_LEN); Flash_CheckBusy(BUSY_TIMEOUT); Flash_WriteEnable(); Flash_Erase4k(3, 0xD); res = Flash_Write(T55XX_CONFIG_OFFSET, buf, T55XX_CONFIG_LEN); if (res == T55XX_CONFIG_LEN && MF_DBGLEVEL > 1) { DbpString("T55XX Config save success"); } BigBuf_free(); #endif } t55xx_config *getT55xxConfig(void) { return &t_config; } void loadT55xxConfig(void) { #ifdef WITH_FLASH if (!FlashInit()) { return; } uint8_t *buf = BigBuf_malloc(T55XX_CONFIG_LEN); Flash_CheckBusy(BUSY_TIMEOUT); uint16_t isok = Flash_ReadDataCont(T55XX_CONFIG_OFFSET, buf, T55XX_CONFIG_LEN); FlashStop(); // verify read mem is actual data. uint8_t cntA = T55XX_CONFIG_LEN, cntB = T55XX_CONFIG_LEN; for (int i = 0; i < T55XX_CONFIG_LEN; i++) { if (buf[i] == 0xFF) cntA--; if (buf[i] == 0x00) cntB--; } if (!cntA || !cntB) { BigBuf_free(); return; } memcpy((uint8_t *)&t_config, buf, T55XX_CONFIG_LEN); if (isok == T55XX_CONFIG_LEN) { if (MF_DBGLEVEL > 1) DbpString("T55XX Config load success"); } #endif } /** * Function to do a modulation and then get samples. * @param delay_off * @param period_0 * @param period_1 * @param command (in binary char array) */ void ModThenAcquireRawAdcSamples125k(uint32_t delay_off, uint32_t period_0, uint32_t period_1, uint8_t *command) { // start timer StartTicks(); // use lf config settings sample_config *sc = getSamplingConfig(); // Make sure the tag is reset FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitMS(500); // clear read buffer BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(); LFSetupFPGAForADC(sc->divisor, 1); // little more time for the tag to fully power up WaitMS(200); // if delay_off = 0 then just bitbang 1 = antenna on 0 = off for respective periods. bool bitbang = delay_off == 0; // now modulate the reader field if (bitbang) { // HACK it appears the loop and if statements take up about 7us so adjust waits accordingly... uint8_t hack_cnt = 7; if (period_0 < hack_cnt || period_1 < hack_cnt) { DbpString("[!] Warning periods cannot be less than 7us in bit bang mode"); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); LED_D_OFF(); return; } // hack2 needed--- it appears to take about 8-16us to turn the antenna back on // leading to ~ 1 to 2 125khz samples extra in every off period // so we should test for last 0 before next 1 and reduce period_0 by this extra amount... // but is this time different for every antenna or other hw builds??? more testing needed // prime cmd_len to save time comparing strings while modulating int cmd_len = 0; while (command[cmd_len] != '\0' && command[cmd_len] != ' ') cmd_len++; int counter = 0; bool off = false; for (counter = 0; counter < cmd_len; counter++) { // if cmd = 0 then turn field off if (command[counter] == '0') { // if field already off leave alone (affects timing otherwise) if (off == false) { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); LED_D_OFF(); off = true; } // note we appear to take about 7us to switch over (or run the if statements/loop...) WaitUS(period_0 - hack_cnt); // else if cmd = 1 then turn field on } else { // if field already on leave alone (affects timing otherwise) if (off) { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD); LED_D_ON(); off = false; } // note we appear to take about 7us to switch over (or run the if statements/loop...) WaitUS(period_1 - hack_cnt); } } } else { // old mode of cmd read using delay as off period while (*command != '\0' && *command != ' ') { LED_D_ON(); if (*(command++) == '0') TurnReadLFOn(period_0); else TurnReadLFOn(period_1); LED_D_OFF(); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(delay_off); } FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc->divisor); } FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD); // now do the read DoAcquisition_config(false, 0); // Turn off antenna FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // tell client we are done cmd_send(CMD_ACK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); } /* blank r/w tag data stream ...0000000000000000 01111111 1010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010 0011010010100001 01111111 101010101010101[0]000... [5555fe852c5555555555555555fe0000] */ void ReadTItag(void) { StartTicks(); // some hardcoded initial params // when we read a TI tag we sample the zerocross line at 2Mhz // TI tags modulate a 1 as 16 cycles of 123.2Khz // TI tags modulate a 0 as 16 cycles of 134.2Khz #define FSAMPLE 2000000 #define FREQLO 123200 #define FREQHI 134200 signed char *dest = (signed char *)BigBuf_get_addr(); uint16_t n = BigBuf_max_traceLen(); // 128 bit shift register [shift3:shift2:shift1:shift0] uint32_t shift3 = 0, shift2 = 0, shift1 = 0, shift0 = 0; int i, cycles = 0, samples = 0; // how many sample points fit in 16 cycles of each frequency uint32_t sampleslo = (FSAMPLE << 4) / FREQLO, sampleshi = (FSAMPLE << 4) / FREQHI; // when to tell if we're close enough to one freq or another uint32_t threshold = (sampleslo - sampleshi + 1) >> 1; // TI tags charge at 134.2Khz FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF); FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 88); //134.8Khz // Place FPGA in passthrough mode, in this mode the CROSS_LO line // connects to SSP_DIN and the SSP_DOUT logic level controls // whether we're modulating the antenna (high) // or listening to the antenna (low) FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_PASSTHRU); // get TI tag data into the buffer AcquireTiType(); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) { // count cycles by looking for lo to hi zero crossings if ((dest[i] < 0) && (dest[i + 1] > 0)) { cycles++; // after 16 cycles, measure the frequency if (cycles > 15) { cycles = 0; samples = i - samples; // number of samples in these 16 cycles // TI bits are coming to us lsb first so shift them // right through our 128 bit right shift register shift0 = (shift0 >> 1) | (shift1 << 31); shift1 = (shift1 >> 1) | (shift2 << 31); shift2 = (shift2 >> 1) | (shift3 << 31); shift3 >>= 1; // check if the cycles fall close to the number // expected for either the low or high frequency if ((samples > (sampleslo - threshold)) && (samples < (sampleslo + threshold))) { // low frequency represents a 1 shift3 |= (1 << 31); } else if ((samples > (sampleshi - threshold)) && (samples < (sampleshi + threshold))) { // high frequency represents a 0 } else { // probably detected a gay waveform or noise // use this as gaydar or discard shift register and start again shift3 = shift2 = shift1 = shift0 = 0; } samples = i; // for each bit we receive, test if we've detected a valid tag // if we see 17 zeroes followed by 6 ones, we might have a tag // remember the bits are backwards if (((shift0 & 0x7fffff) == 0x7e0000)) { // if start and end bytes match, we have a tag so break out of the loop if (((shift0 >> 16) & 0xff) == ((shift3 >> 8) & 0xff)) { cycles = 0xF0B; //use this as a flag (ugly but whatever) break; } } } } } // if flag is set we have a tag if (cycles != 0xF0B) { DbpString("Info: No valid tag detected."); } else { // put 64 bit data into shift1 and shift0 shift0 = (shift0 >> 24) | (shift1 << 8); shift1 = (shift1 >> 24) | (shift2 << 8); // align 16 bit crc into lower half of shift2 shift2 = ((shift2 >> 24) | (shift3 << 8)) & 0x0ffff; // if r/w tag, check ident match if (shift3 & (1 << 15)) { DbpString("Info: TI tag is rewriteable"); // only 15 bits compare, last bit of ident is not valid if (((shift3 >> 16) ^ shift0) & 0x7fff) { DbpString("Error: Ident mismatch!"); } else { DbpString("Info: TI tag ident is valid"); } } else { DbpString("Info: TI tag is readonly"); } // WARNING the order of the bytes in which we calc crc below needs checking // i'm 99% sure the crc algorithm is correct, but it may need to eat the // bytes in reverse or something // calculate CRC uint32_t crc = 0; crc = update_crc16(crc, (shift0) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (shift0 >> 8) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (shift0 >> 16) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (shift0 >> 24) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (shift1) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (shift1 >> 8) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (shift1 >> 16) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (shift1 >> 24) & 0xff); Dbprintf("Info: Tag data: %x%08x, crc=%x", (unsigned int)shift1, (unsigned int)shift0, (unsigned int)shift2 & 0xFFFF); if (crc != (shift2 & 0xffff)) { Dbprintf("Error: CRC mismatch, expected %x", (unsigned int)crc); } else { DbpString("Info: CRC is good"); } } StopTicks(); } void WriteTIbyte(uint8_t b) { int i = 0; // modulate 8 bits out to the antenna for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { if (b & (1 << i)) { // stop modulating antenna 1ms LOW(GPIO_SSC_DOUT); WaitUS(1000); // modulate antenna 1ms HIGH(GPIO_SSC_DOUT); WaitUS(1000); } else { // stop modulating antenna 0.3ms LOW(GPIO_SSC_DOUT); WaitUS(300); // modulate antenna 1.7ms HIGH(GPIO_SSC_DOUT); WaitUS(1700); } } } void AcquireTiType(void) { int i, j, n; // tag transmission is <20ms, sampling at 2M gives us 40K samples max // each sample is 1 bit stuffed into a uint32_t so we need 1250 uint32_t #define TIBUFLEN 1250 // clear buffer uint32_t *buf = (uint32_t *)BigBuf_get_addr(); //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later BigBuf_Clear_ext(false); // Set up the synchronous serial port AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDR = GPIO_SSC_DIN; AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_ASR = GPIO_SSC_DIN; // steal this pin from the SSP and use it to control the modulation AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT; AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT; AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_CR = AT91C_SSC_SWRST; AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_CR = AT91C_SSC_RXEN | AT91C_SSC_TXEN; // Sample at 2 Mbit/s, so TI tags are 16.2 vs. 14.9 clocks long // 48/2 = 24 MHz clock must be divided by 12 AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_CMR = 12; AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RCMR = SSC_CLOCK_MODE_SELECT(0); AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RFMR = SSC_FRAME_MODE_BITS_IN_WORD(32) | AT91C_SSC_MSBF; // Transmit Clock Mode Register AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_TCMR = 0; // Transmit Frame Mode Register AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_TFMR = 0; // iceman, FpgaSetupSsc() ?? the code above? can it be replaced? LED_D_ON(); // modulate antenna HIGH(GPIO_SSC_DOUT); // Charge TI tag for 50ms. WaitMS(50); // stop modulating antenna and listen LOW(GPIO_SSC_DOUT); LED_D_OFF(); i = 0; for (;;) { if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_RXRDY) { buf[i] = AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR; // store 32 bit values in buffer i++; if (i >= TIBUFLEN) break; } WDT_HIT(); } // return stolen pin to SSP AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDR = GPIO_SSC_DOUT; AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_ASR = GPIO_SSC_DIN | GPIO_SSC_DOUT; char *dest = (char *)BigBuf_get_addr(); n = TIBUFLEN * 32; // unpack buffer for (i = TIBUFLEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) { for (j = 0; j < 32; j++) { if (buf[i] & (1 << j)) { dest[--n] = 1; } else { dest[--n] = -1; } } } // reset SSC FpgaSetupSsc(); } // arguments: 64bit data split into 32bit idhi:idlo and optional 16bit crc // if crc provided, it will be written with the data verbatim (even if bogus) // if not provided a valid crc will be computed from the data and written. void WriteTItag(uint32_t idhi, uint32_t idlo, uint16_t crc) { FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF); if (crc == 0) { crc = update_crc16(crc, (idlo) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (idlo >> 8) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (idlo >> 16) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (idlo >> 24) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (idhi) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (idhi >> 8) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (idhi >> 16) & 0xff); crc = update_crc16(crc, (idhi >> 24) & 0xff); } Dbprintf("Writing to tag: %x%08x, crc=%x", idhi, idlo, crc); // TI tags charge at 134.2Khz FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 88); //134.8Khz // Place FPGA in passthrough mode, in this mode the CROSS_LO line // connects to SSP_DIN and the SSP_DOUT logic level controls // whether we're modulating the antenna (high) // or listening to the antenna (low) FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_PASSTHRU); StartTicks(); LED_A_ON(); // steal this pin from the SSP and use it to control the modulation AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT; AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT; // writing algorithm: // a high bit consists of a field off for 1ms and field on for 1ms // a low bit consists of a field off for 0.3ms and field on for 1.7ms // initiate a charge time of 50ms (field on) then immediately start writing bits // start by writing 0xBB (keyword) and 0xEB (password) // then write 80 bits of data (or 64 bit data + 16 bit crc if you prefer) // finally end with 0x0300 (write frame) // all data is sent lsb first // finish with 50ms programming time // modulate antenna HIGH(GPIO_SSC_DOUT); WaitMS(50); // charge time WriteTIbyte(0xbb); // keyword WriteTIbyte(0xeb); // password WriteTIbyte((idlo) & 0xff); WriteTIbyte((idlo >> 8) & 0xff); WriteTIbyte((idlo >> 16) & 0xff); WriteTIbyte((idlo >> 24) & 0xff); WriteTIbyte((idhi) & 0xff); WriteTIbyte((idhi >> 8) & 0xff); WriteTIbyte((idhi >> 16) & 0xff); WriteTIbyte((idhi >> 24) & 0xff); // data hi to lo WriteTIbyte((crc) & 0xff); // crc lo WriteTIbyte((crc >> 8) & 0xff); // crc hi WriteTIbyte(0x00); // write frame lo WriteTIbyte(0x03); // write frame hi HIGH(GPIO_SSC_DOUT); WaitMS(50); // programming time LED_A_OFF(); // get TI tag data into the buffer AcquireTiType(); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); DbpString("Now use `lf ti read` to check"); StopTicks(); } // note: a call to FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF) must be done before, but // this may destroy the bigbuf so be sure this is called before calling SimulateTagLowFrequencyEx void SimulateTagLowFrequencyEx(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol, int numcycles) { // start us timer StartTicks(); //FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_EDGE_DETECT | FPGA_LF_EDGE_DETECT_TOGGLE_MODE ); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_EDGE_DETECT); WaitMS(20); int i = 0, x = 0; uint8_t *buf = BigBuf_get_addr(); // set frequency, get values from 'lf config' command sample_config *sc = getSamplingConfig(); if ((sc->divisor == 1) || (sc->divisor < 0) || (sc->divisor > 255)) FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 88); //134.8Khz else if (sc->divisor == 0) FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 95); //125Khz else FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc->divisor); AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT | GPIO_SSC_CLK; AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_OER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT; AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_ODR = GPIO_SSC_CLK; uint8_t check = 1; for (;;) { if (numcycles > -1) { if (x != numcycles) { ++x; } else { // exit without turning of field return; } } if (ledcontrol) LED_D_ON(); // wait until SSC_CLK goes HIGH // used as a simple detection of a reader field? while (!(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK)) { WDT_HIT(); if (!check) { if (usb_poll_validate_length() || BUTTON_PRESS()) goto OUT; } ++check; } if (buf[i]) OPEN_COIL(); else SHORT_COIL(); //wait until SSC_CLK goes LOW while (AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK) { WDT_HIT(); if (!check) { if (usb_poll_validate_length() || BUTTON_PRESS()) goto OUT; } ++check; } i++; if (i == period) { i = 0; if (gap) { SHORT_COIL(); WaitUS(gap); } } if (ledcontrol) LED_D_OFF(); } OUT: StopTicks(); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); LED_D_OFF(); } void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol) { SimulateTagLowFrequencyEx(period, gap, ledcontrol, -1); } #define DEBUG_FRAME_CONTENTS 1 void SimulateTagLowFrequencyBidir(int divisor, int t0) { } // compose fc/5 fc/8 waveform (FSK1) // compose fc/8 fc/10 waveform (FSK2) // also manchester, static void fc(int c, int *n) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); int idx; // for when we want an fc8 pattern every 4 logical bits if (c == 0) { dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; } // an fc/8 encoded bit is a bit pattern of 11110000 x6 = 48 samples if (c == 8) { for (idx = 0; idx < 6; idx++) { dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; } } // an fc/10 encoded bit is a bit pattern of 1111100000 x5 = 50 samples if (c == 10) { for (idx = 0; idx < 5; idx++) { dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 1; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; dest[((*n)++)] = 0; } } } // special start of frame marker containing invalid bit sequences // this one is focused on HID, with manchester encoding. static void fcSTT(int *n) { fc(8, n); fc(8, n); // invalid fc(8, n); fc(10, n); // logical 0 fc(10, n); fc(10, n); // invalid fc(8, n); fc(10, n); // logical 0 } // compose fc/X fc/Y waveform (FSKx) static void fcAll(uint8_t fc, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint16_t *modCnt) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); uint8_t halfFC = fc >> 1; uint8_t wavesPerClock = clock / fc; uint8_t mod = clock % fc; //modifier uint8_t modAdj = fc / mod; //how often to apply modifier bool modAdjOk = !(fc % mod); //if (fc % mod==0) modAdjOk = true; // loop through clock - step field clock for (uint8_t idx = 0; idx < wavesPerClock; idx++) { // put 1/2 FC length 1's and 1/2 0's per field clock wave (to create the wave) memset(dest + (*n), 0, fc - halfFC); //in case of odd number use extra here memset(dest + (*n) + (fc - halfFC), 1, halfFC); *n += fc; } if (mod > 0)(*modCnt)++; if ((mod > 0) && modAdjOk) { //fsk2 if ((*modCnt % modAdj) == 0) { //if 4th 8 length wave in a rf/50 add extra 8 length wave memset(dest + (*n), 0, fc - halfFC); memset(dest + (*n) + (fc - halfFC), 1, halfFC); *n += fc; } } if (mod > 0 && !modAdjOk) { //fsk1 memset(dest + (*n), 0, mod - (mod >> 1)); memset(dest + (*n) + (mod - (mod >> 1)), 1, mod >> 1); *n += mod; } } // prepare a waveform pattern in the buffer based on the ID given then // simulate a HID tag until the button is pressed void CmdHIDsimTAGEx(uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, int ledcontrol, int numcycles) { if (hi > 0xFFF) { DbpString("[!] tags can only have 44 bits. - USE lf simfsk for larger tags"); return; } FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF); set_tracing(false); int n = 0, i = 0; /* HID tag bitstream format The tag contains a 44bit unique code. This is sent out MSB first in sets of 4 bits A 1 bit is represented as 6 fc8 and 5 fc10 patterns (manchester 10) during 2 clock periods. (1bit = 1clock period) A 0 bit is represented as 5 fc10 and 6 fc8 patterns (manchester 01) A fc8 is inserted before every 4 bits A special start of frame pattern is used consisting a0b0 where a and b are neither 0 nor 1 bits, they are special patterns (a = set of 12 fc8 and b = set of 10 fc10) FSK2a bit 1 = fc10 bit 0 = fc8 */ fc(0, &n); // special start of frame marker containing invalid bit sequences fcSTT(&n); // manchester encode bits 43 to 32 for (i = 11; i >= 0; i--) { if ((i % 4) == 3) fc(0, &n); if ((hi >> i) & 1) { fc(10, &n); fc(8, &n); // low-high transition } else { fc(8, &n); fc(10, &n); // high-low transition } } // manchester encode bits 31 to 0 for (i = 31; i >= 0; i--) { if ((i % 4) == 3) fc(0, &n); if ((lo >> i) & 1) { fc(10, &n); fc(8, &n); // low-high transition } else { fc(8, &n); fc(10, &n); // high-low transition } } if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON(); SimulateTagLowFrequencyEx(n, 0, ledcontrol, numcycles); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); } void CmdHIDsimTAG(uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, int ledcontrol) { CmdHIDsimTAGEx(hi, lo, ledcontrol, -1); DbpString("[!] simulation finished"); } // prepare a waveform pattern in the buffer based on the ID given then // simulate a FSK tag until the button is pressed // arg1 contains fcHigh and fcLow, arg2 contains STT marker and clock void CmdFSKsimTAG(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *bits) { FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF); // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory BigBuf_free(); BigBuf_Clear_ext(false); clear_trace(); set_tracing(false); int ledcontrol = 1, n = 0, i = 0; uint8_t fcHigh = arg1 >> 8; uint8_t fcLow = arg1 & 0xFF; uint16_t modCnt = 0; uint8_t clk = arg2 & 0xFF; uint8_t stt = (arg2 >> 8) & 1; if (stt) { //int fsktype = ( fcHigh == 8 && fcLow == 5) ? 1 : 2; //fcSTT(&n); } for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { if (bits[i]) fcAll(fcLow, &n, clk, &modCnt); else fcAll(fcHigh, &n, clk, &modCnt); } WDT_HIT(); Dbprintf("Simulating with fcHigh: %d, fcLow: %d, clk: %d, STT: %d, n: %d", fcHigh, fcLow, clk, stt, n); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON(); SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); } // compose ask waveform for one bit(ASK) static void askSimBit(uint8_t c, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint8_t manchester) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); uint8_t halfClk = clock / 2; // c = current bit 1 or 0 if (manchester == 1) { memset(dest + (*n), c, halfClk); memset(dest + (*n) + halfClk, c ^ 1, halfClk); } else { memset(dest + (*n), c, clock); } *n += clock; } static void biphaseSimBit(uint8_t c, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint8_t *phase) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); uint8_t halfClk = clock / 2; if (c) { memset(dest + (*n), c ^ 1 ^ *phase, halfClk); memset(dest + (*n) + halfClk, c ^ *phase, halfClk); } else { memset(dest + (*n), c ^ *phase, clock); *phase ^= 1; } *n += clock; } static void stAskSimBit(int *n, uint8_t clock) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); uint8_t halfClk = clock / 2; //ST = .5 high .5 low 1.5 high .5 low 1 high memset(dest + (*n), 1, halfClk); memset(dest + (*n) + halfClk, 0, halfClk); memset(dest + (*n) + clock, 1, clock + halfClk); memset(dest + (*n) + clock * 2 + halfClk, 0, halfClk); memset(dest + (*n) + clock * 3, 1, clock); *n += clock * 4; } // args clock, ask/man or askraw, invert, transmission separator void CmdASKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream) { FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF); set_tracing(false); int ledcontrol = 1, n = 0, i = 0; uint8_t clk = (arg1 >> 8) & 0xFF; uint8_t encoding = arg1 & 0xFF; uint8_t separator = arg2 & 1; uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1; if (encoding == 2) { //biphase uint8_t phase = 0; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase); } if (phase == 1) { //run a second set inverted to keep phase in check for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase); } } } else { // ask/manchester || ask/raw for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, encoding); } if (encoding == 0 && BitStream[0] == BitStream[size - 1]) { //run a second set inverted (for ask/raw || biphase phase) for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert ^ 1, &n, clk, encoding); } } } if (separator == 1 && encoding == 1) stAskSimBit(&n, clk); else if (separator == 1) Dbprintf("sorry but separator option not yet available"); WDT_HIT(); Dbprintf("Simulating with clk: %d, invert: %d, encoding: %d, separator: %d, n: %d", clk, invert, encoding, separator, n); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON(); SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); } //carrier can be 2,4 or 8 static void pskSimBit(uint8_t waveLen, int *n, uint8_t clk, uint8_t *curPhase, bool phaseChg) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); uint8_t halfWave = waveLen / 2; //uint8_t idx; int i = 0; if (phaseChg) { // write phase change memset(dest + (*n), *curPhase ^ 1, halfWave); memset(dest + (*n) + halfWave, *curPhase, halfWave); *n += waveLen; *curPhase ^= 1; i += waveLen; } //write each normal clock wave for the clock duration for (; i < clk; i += waveLen) { memset(dest + (*n), *curPhase, halfWave); memset(dest + (*n) + halfWave, *curPhase ^ 1, halfWave); *n += waveLen; } } // args clock, carrier, invert, void CmdPSKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream) { FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF); set_tracing(false); int ledcontrol = 1, n = 0, i = 0; uint8_t clk = arg1 >> 8; uint8_t carrier = arg1 & 0xFF; uint8_t invert = arg2 & 0xFF; uint8_t curPhase = 0; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { if (BitStream[i] == curPhase) { pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, false); } else { pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, true); } } WDT_HIT(); Dbprintf("Simulating with Carrier: %d, clk: %d, invert: %d, n: %d", carrier, clk, invert, n); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON(); SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); } // loop to get raw HID waveform then FSK demodulate the TAG ID from it void CmdHIDdemodFSK(int findone, uint32_t *high, uint32_t *low, int ledcontrol) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); size_t size = 0; uint32_t hi2 = 0, hi = 0, lo = 0; int idx = 0; int dummyIdx = 0; // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); //clear read buffer BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(); while (!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) { WDT_HIT(); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON(); DoAcquisition_default(-1, true); // FSK demodulator size = 50 * 128 * 2; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format idx = HIDdemodFSK(dest, &size, &hi2, &hi, &lo, &dummyIdx); if (idx < 0) continue; if (idx > 0 && lo > 0 && (size == 96 || size == 192)) { // go over previously decoded manchester data and decode into usable tag ID if (hi2 != 0) { //extra large HID tags 88/192 bits Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x%08x (%d)", hi2, hi, lo, (lo >> 1) & 0xFFFF ); } else { //standard HID tags 44/96 bits uint8_t bitlen = 0; uint32_t fc = 0; uint32_t cardnum = 0; if (((hi >> 5) & 1) == 1) { //if bit 38 is set then < 37 bit format is used uint32_t lo2 = 0; lo2 = (((hi & 31) << 12) | (lo >> 20)); //get bits 21-37 to check for format len bit uint8_t idx3 = 1; while (lo2 > 1) { //find last bit set to 1 (format len bit) lo2 >>= 1; idx3++; } bitlen = idx3 + 19; fc = 0; cardnum = 0; if (bitlen == 26) { cardnum = (lo >> 1) & 0xFFFF; fc = (lo >> 17) & 0xFF; } if (bitlen == 37) { cardnum = (lo >> 1) & 0x7FFFF; fc = ((hi & 0xF) << 12) | (lo >> 20); } if (bitlen == 34) { cardnum = (lo >> 1) & 0xFFFF; fc = ((hi & 1) << 15) | (lo >> 17); } if (bitlen == 35) { cardnum = (lo >> 1) & 0xFFFFF; fc = ((hi & 1) << 11) | (lo >> 21); } } else { //if bit 38 is not set then 37 bit format is used bitlen = 37; fc = 0; cardnum = 0; if (bitlen == 37) { cardnum = (lo >> 1) & 0x7FFFF; fc = ((hi & 0xF) << 12) | (lo >> 20); } } Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d) - Format Len: %dbit - FC: %d - Card: %d", hi, lo, (lo >> 1) & 0xFFFF, bitlen, fc, cardnum ); } if (findone) { *high = hi; *low = lo; break; } // reset } hi2 = hi = lo = idx = 0; } FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); DbpString("Stopped"); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); } // loop to get raw HID waveform then FSK demodulate the TAG ID from it void CmdAWIDdemodFSK(int findone, uint32_t *high, uint32_t *low, int ledcontrol) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format size_t size = 12800; //50 * 128 * 2; int idx = 0, dummyIdx = 0; BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(); LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); while (!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) { WDT_HIT(); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON(); DoAcquisition_default(-1, true); // FSK demodulator idx = detectAWID(dest, &size, &dummyIdx); if (idx <= 0 || size != 96) continue; // Index map // 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 // | | | | | | | // 01234567 890 1 234 5 678 9 012 3 456 7 890 1 234 5 678 9 012 3 456 7 890 1 234 5 678 9 012 3 - to 96 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 00000001 000 1 110 1 101 1 011 1 101 1 010 0 000 1 000 1 010 0 001 0 110 1 100 0 000 1 000 1 // premable bbb o bbb o bbw o fff o fff o ffc o ccc o ccc o ccc o ccc o ccc o wxx o xxx o xxx o - to 96 // |---26 bit---| |-----117----||-------------142-------------| // b = format bit len, o = odd parity of last 3 bits // f = facility code, c = card number // w = wiegand parity // (26 bit format shown) //get raw ID before removing parities uint32_t rawLo = bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 64, 32); uint32_t rawHi = bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 32, 32); uint32_t rawHi2 = bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx, 32); size = removeParity(dest, idx + 8, 4, 1, 88); if (size != 66) continue; // ok valid card found! // Index map // 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 // | | | | | | | // 01234567 8 90123456 7890123456789012 3 456789012345678901234567890123456 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 00011010 1 01110101 0000000010001110 1 000000000000000000000000000000000 // bbbbbbbb w ffffffff cccccccccccccccc w xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx // |26 bit| |-117--| |-----142------| // b = format bit len, o = odd parity of last 3 bits // f = facility code, c = card number // w = wiegand parity // (26 bit format shown) uint32_t fc = 0; uint32_t cardnum = 0; uint32_t code1 = 0; uint32_t code2 = 0; uint8_t fmtLen = bytebits_to_byte(dest, 8); if (fmtLen == 26) { fc = bytebits_to_byte(dest + 9, 8); cardnum = bytebits_to_byte(dest + 17, 16); code1 = bytebits_to_byte(dest + 8, fmtLen); Dbprintf("AWID Found - BitLength: %d, FC: %d, Card: %d - Wiegand: %x, Raw: %08x%08x%08x", fmtLen, fc, cardnum, code1, rawHi2, rawHi, rawLo); } else { cardnum = bytebits_to_byte(dest + 8 + (fmtLen - 17), 16); if (fmtLen > 32) { code1 = bytebits_to_byte(dest + 8, fmtLen - 32); code2 = bytebits_to_byte(dest + 8 + (fmtLen - 32), 32); Dbprintf("AWID Found - BitLength: %d -unknown BitLength- (%d) - Wiegand: %x%08x, Raw: %08x%08x%08x", fmtLen, cardnum, code1, code2, rawHi2, rawHi, rawLo); } else { code1 = bytebits_to_byte(dest + 8, fmtLen); Dbprintf("AWID Found - BitLength: %d -unknown BitLength- (%d) - Wiegand: %x, Raw: %08x%08x%08x", fmtLen, cardnum, code1, rawHi2, rawHi, rawLo); } } if (findone) { if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); *high = rawHi; *low = rawLo; break; } // reset idx = 0; WDT_HIT(); } FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); DbpString("Stopped"); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); } void CmdEM410xdemod(int findone, uint32_t *high, uint64_t *low, int ledcontrol) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); size_t size = 0, idx = 0; int clk = 0, invert = 0, errCnt = 0, maxErr = 20; uint32_t hi = 0; uint64_t lo = 0; BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(); LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); while (!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) { WDT_HIT(); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON(); DoAcquisition_default(-1, true); size = BigBuf_max_traceLen(); //askdemod and manchester decode if (size > 16385) size = 16385; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format errCnt = askdemod(dest, &size, &clk, &invert, maxErr, 0, 1); WDT_HIT(); if (errCnt < 0) continue; errCnt = Em410xDecode(dest, &size, &idx, &hi, &lo); if (errCnt == 1) { if (size == 128) { Dbprintf("EM XL TAG ID: %06x%08x%08x - (%05d_%03d_%08d)", hi, (uint32_t)(lo >> 32), (uint32_t)lo, (uint32_t)(lo & 0xFFFF), (uint32_t)((lo >> 16LL) & 0xFF), (uint32_t)(lo & 0xFFFFFF)); } else { Dbprintf("EM TAG ID: %02x%08x - (%05d_%03d_%08d)", (uint32_t)(lo >> 32), (uint32_t)lo, (uint32_t)(lo & 0xFFFF), (uint32_t)((lo >> 16LL) & 0xFF), (uint32_t)(lo & 0xFFFFFF)); } if (findone) { if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); *high = hi; *low = lo; break; } } WDT_HIT(); hi = lo = size = idx = 0; clk = invert = errCnt = 0; } FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); DbpString("Stopped"); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); } void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, uint32_t *high, uint32_t *low, int ledcontrol) { uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr(); int dummyIdx = 0, idx = 0; uint32_t code = 0, code2 = 0; uint8_t version = 0, facilitycode = 0, crc = 0; uint16_t number = 0, calccrc = 0; size_t size = BigBuf_max_traceLen(); BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(); // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); while (!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) { WDT_HIT(); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON(); DoAcquisition_default(-1, true); //fskdemod and get start index WDT_HIT(); idx = detectIOProx(dest, &size, &dummyIdx); if (idx < 0) continue; //valid tag found //Index map //0 10 20 30 40 50 60 //| | | | | | | //01234567 8 90123456 7 89012345 6 78901234 5 67890123 4 56789012 3 45678901 23 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- //00000000 0 11110000 1 facility 1 version* 1 code*one 1 code*two 1 checksum 11 // //Checksum: //00000000 0 11110000 1 11100000 1 00000001 1 00000011 1 10110110 1 01110101 11 //preamble F0 E0 01 03 B6 75 // How to calc checksum, // http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?id=364&p=6 // F0 + E0 + 01 + 03 + B6 = 28A // 28A & FF = 8A // FF - 8A = 75 // Checksum: 0x75 //XSF(version)facility:codeone+codetwo //Handle the data // if(findone){ //only print binary if we are doing one // Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d %d",dest[idx], dest[idx+1], dest[idx+2],dest[idx+3],dest[idx+4],dest[idx+5],dest[idx+6],dest[idx+7],dest[idx+8]); // Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d %d",dest[idx+9], dest[idx+10],dest[idx+11],dest[idx+12],dest[idx+13],dest[idx+14],dest[idx+15],dest[idx+16],dest[idx+17]); // Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d %d",dest[idx+18],dest[idx+19],dest[idx+20],dest[idx+21],dest[idx+22],dest[idx+23],dest[idx+24],dest[idx+25],dest[idx+26]); // Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d %d",dest[idx+27],dest[idx+28],dest[idx+29],dest[idx+30],dest[idx+31],dest[idx+32],dest[idx+33],dest[idx+34],dest[idx+35]); // Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d %d",dest[idx+36],dest[idx+37],dest[idx+38],dest[idx+39],dest[idx+40],dest[idx+41],dest[idx+42],dest[idx+43],dest[idx+44]); // Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d %d",dest[idx+45],dest[idx+46],dest[idx+47],dest[idx+48],dest[idx+49],dest[idx+50],dest[idx+51],dest[idx+52],dest[idx+53]); // Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d %d%d",dest[idx+54],dest[idx+55],dest[idx+56],dest[idx+57],dest[idx+58],dest[idx+59],dest[idx+60],dest[idx+61],dest[idx+62],dest[idx+63]); // } code = bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx, 32); code2 = bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 32, 32); version = bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 27, 8); //14,4 facilitycode = bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 18, 8); number = (bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 36, 8) << 8) | (bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 45, 8)); //36,9 crc = bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 54, 8); for (uint8_t i = 1; i < 6; ++i) calccrc += bytebits_to_byte(dest + idx + 9 * i, 8); calccrc &= 0xff; calccrc = 0xff - calccrc; char *crcStr = (crc == calccrc) ? "ok" : "!crc"; Dbprintf("IO Prox XSF(%02d)%02x:%05d (%08x%08x) [%02x %s]", version, facilitycode, number, code, code2, crc, crcStr); // if we're only looking for one tag if (findone) { if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); *high = code; *low = code2; break; } code = code2 = 0; version = facilitycode = 0; number = 0; idx = 0; WDT_HIT(); } FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); DbpString("Stopped"); if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF(); } /*------------------------------ * T5555/T5557/T5567/T5577 routines *------------------------------ * NOTE: T55x7/T5555 configuration register definitions moved to protocols.h * * Relevant communication times in microsecond * To compensate antenna falling times shorten the write times * and enlarge the gap ones. * Q5 tags seems to have issues when these values changes. */ void TurnReadLFOn(uint32_t delay) { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD); // measure antenna strength. //int adcval = ((MAX_ADC_LF_VOLTAGE * AvgAdc(ADC_CHAN_LF)) >> 10); WaitUS(delay); } void TurnReadLF_off(uint32_t delay) { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(delay); } // Write one bit to card void T55xxWriteBit(int bit) { if (!bit) TurnReadLFOn(t_config.write_0); else TurnReadLFOn(t_config.write_1); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(t_config.write_gap); } // Send T5577 reset command then read stream (see if we can identify the start of the stream) void T55xxResetRead(void) { LED_A_ON(); //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(); StartTicks(); // Set up FPGA, 125kHz LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); // make sure tag is fully powered up... WaitMS(4); // Trigger T55x7 in mode. FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(t_config.start_gap); // reset tag - op code 00 T55xxWriteBit(0); T55xxWriteBit(0); TurnReadLFOn(t_config.read_gap); // Acquisition DoPartialAcquisition(0, true, BigBuf_max_traceLen(), 0); // Turn the field off FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off cmd_send(CMD_ACK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); LED_A_OFF(); } // Write one card block in page 0, no lock void T55xxWriteBlockExt(uint32_t Data, uint8_t Block, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t arg) { LED_A_ON(); bool PwdMode = arg & 0x1; uint8_t Page = (arg & 0x2) >> 1; bool testMode = arg & 0x4; uint32_t i = 0; StartTicks(); // Set up FPGA, 125kHz LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); // make sure tag is fully powered up... WaitMS(4); // Trigger T55x7 in mode. FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(t_config.start_gap); if (testMode) Dbprintf("TestMODE"); // Std Opcode 10 T55xxWriteBit(testMode ? 0 : 1); T55xxWriteBit(testMode ? 1 : Page); //Page 0 if (PwdMode) { // Send Pwd for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1) T55xxWriteBit(Pwd & i); } // Send Lock bit T55xxWriteBit(0); // Send Data for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1) T55xxWriteBit(Data & i); // Send Block number for (i = 0x04; i != 0; i >>= 1) T55xxWriteBit(Block & i); // Perform write (nominal is 5.6 ms for T55x7 and 18ms for E5550, // so wait a little more) // "there is a clock delay before programming" // - programming takes ~5.6ms for t5577 ~18ms for E5550 or t5567 // so we should wait 1 clock + 5.6ms then read response? // but we need to know we are dealing with t5577 vs t5567 vs e5550 (or q5) marshmellow... if (testMode) { //TESTMODE TIMING TESTS: // <566us does nothing // 566-568 switches between wiping to 0s and doing nothing // 5184 wipes and allows 1 block to be programmed. // indefinite power on wipes and then programs all blocks with bitshifted data sent. TurnReadLFOn(5184); } else { TurnReadLFOn(20 * 1000); //could attempt to do a read to confirm write took // as the tag should repeat back the new block // until it is reset, but to confirm it we would // need to know the current block 0 config mode for // modulation clock an other details to demod the response... // response should be (for t55x7) a 0 bit then (ST if on) // block data written in on repeat until reset. //DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 12000); } // turn field off FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); LED_A_OFF(); } // Write one card block in page 0, no lock void T55xxWriteBlock(uint32_t Data, uint8_t Block, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t arg) { T55xxWriteBlockExt(Data, Block, Pwd, arg); cmd_send(CMD_ACK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); } // Read one card block in page [page] void T55xxReadBlock(uint16_t arg0, uint8_t Block, uint32_t Pwd) { LED_A_ON(); bool PwdMode = arg0 & 0x1; uint8_t Page = (arg0 & 0x2) >> 1; bool brute_mem = arg0 & 0x4; uint32_t i = 0; // regular read mode bool RegReadMode = (Block == 0xFF); uint8_t start_wait = 4; size_t samples = 12000; if (brute_mem) { start_wait = 0; samples = 1024; } //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(); //make sure block is at max 7 Block &= 0x7; StartTicks(); // Set up FPGA, 125kHz to power up the tag LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); // make sure tag is fully powered up... WaitMS(start_wait); // Trigger T55x7 Direct Access Mode with start gap FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(t_config.start_gap); // Opcode 1[page] T55xxWriteBit(1); T55xxWriteBit(Page); //Page 0 if (PwdMode) { // Send Pwd for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1) T55xxWriteBit(Pwd & i); } // Send a zero bit separation T55xxWriteBit(0); // Send Block number (if direct access mode) if (!RegReadMode) for (i = 0x04; i != 0; i >>= 1) T55xxWriteBit(Block & i); // Turn field on to read the response // 137*8 seems to get to the start of data pretty well... // but we want to go past the start and let the repeating data settle in... TurnReadLFOn(200 * 8); // Acquisition // Now do the acquisition DoPartialAcquisition(0, true, samples, 0); // Turn the field off if (!brute_mem) { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); cmd_send(CMD_ACK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); LED_A_OFF(); } } void T55xx_ChkPwds() { DbpString("[+] T55XX Check pwds using flashmemory starting"); uint8_t ret = 0; // First get baseline and setup LF mode. // tends to mess up BigBuf uint8_t *buf = BigBuf_get_addr(); uint32_t b1, baseline = 0; // collect baseline for failed attempt uint8_t x = 32; while (x--) { b1 = 0; T55xxReadBlock(4, 1, 0); for (uint16_t j = 0; j < 1024; ++j) b1 += buf[j]; b1 *= b1; b1 >>= 8; baseline += b1; } baseline >>= 5; Dbprintf("[=] Baseline determined [%u]", baseline); uint8_t *pwds = BigBuf_get_EM_addr(); uint16_t pwdCount = 0; uint32_t candidate = 0; #ifdef WITH_FLASH bool use_flashmem = true; if (use_flashmem) { BigBuf_Clear_EM(); uint16_t isok = 0; uint8_t counter[2] = {0x00, 0x00}; isok = Flash_ReadData(DEFAULT_T55XX_KEYS_OFFSET, counter, sizeof(counter)); if (isok != sizeof(counter)) goto OUT; pwdCount = counter[1] << 8 | counter[0]; if (pwdCount == 0 && pwdCount == 0xFFFF) goto OUT; isok = Flash_ReadData(DEFAULT_T55XX_KEYS_OFFSET + 2, pwds, pwdCount * 4); if (isok != pwdCount * 4) goto OUT; Dbprintf("[=] Password dictionary count %d ", pwdCount); } #endif uint32_t pwd = 0, curr = 0, prev = 0; for (uint16_t i = 0; i < pwdCount; ++i) { if (BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) { goto OUT; } pwd = bytes_to_num(pwds + i * 4, 4); T55xxReadBlock(5, 0, pwd); // calc mean of BigBuf 1024 samples. uint32_t sum = 0; for (uint16_t j = 0; j < 1024; ++j) { sum += buf[j]; } sum *= sum; sum >>= 8; int32_t tmp = (sum - baseline); curr = ABS(tmp); Dbprintf("[=] Pwd %08X | ABS %u", pwd, curr); if (curr > prev) { Dbprintf("[=] --> ABS %u Candidate %08X <--", curr, pwd); candidate = pwd; prev = curr; } } if (candidate) ret = 1; OUT: FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); cmd_send(CMD_ACK, ret, candidate, 0, 0, 0); LEDsoff(); } void T55xxWakeUp(uint32_t Pwd) { LED_B_ON(); uint32_t i = 0; StartTicks(); // Set up FPGA, 125kHz LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); // make sure tag is fully powered up... WaitMS(4); // Trigger T55x7 Direct Access Mode FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(t_config.start_gap); // Opcode 10 T55xxWriteBit(1); T55xxWriteBit(0); //Page 0 // Send Pwd for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1) T55xxWriteBit(Pwd & i); // Turn and leave field on to let the begin repeating transmission TurnReadLFOn(20 * 1000); } /*-------------- Cloning routines -----------*/ void WriteT55xx(uint32_t *blockdata, uint8_t startblock, uint8_t numblocks) { // write last block first and config block last (if included) for (uint8_t i = numblocks + startblock; i > startblock; i--) T55xxWriteBlockExt(blockdata[i - 1], i - 1, 0, 0); } // Copy HID id to card and setup block 0 config void CopyHIDtoT55x7(uint32_t hi2, uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT) { uint32_t data[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}; uint8_t last_block = 0; if (longFMT) { // Ensure no more than 84 bits supplied if (hi2 > 0xFFFFF) { DbpString("Tags can only have 84 bits."); return; } // Build the 6 data blocks for supplied 84bit ID last_block = 6; // load preamble (1D) & long format identifier (9E manchester encoded) data[1] = 0x1D96A900 | (manchesterEncode2Bytes((hi2 >> 16) & 0xF) & 0xFF); // load raw id from hi2, hi, lo to data blocks (manchester encoded) data[2] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi2 & 0xFFFF); data[3] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi >> 16); data[4] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi & 0xFFFF); data[5] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo >> 16); data[6] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo & 0xFFFF); } else { // Ensure no more than 44 bits supplied if (hi > 0xFFF) { DbpString("Tags can only have 44 bits."); return; } // Build the 3 data blocks for supplied 44bit ID last_block = 3; // load preamble data[1] = 0x1D000000 | (manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi) & 0xFFFFFF); data[2] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo >> 16); data[3] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo & 0xFFFF); } // load chip config block data[0] = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_50 | T55x7_MODULATION_FSK2a | last_block << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT; //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7 // data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(50) | T5555_MODULATION_FSK2 | T5555_INVERT_OUTPUT | last_block << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT; LED_D_ON(); WriteT55xx(data, 0, last_block + 1); LED_D_OFF(); } void CopyIOtoT55x7(uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo) { uint32_t data[] = {T55x7_BITRATE_RF_64 | T55x7_MODULATION_FSK2a | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT), hi, lo}; //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7 // data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(64) | T5555_MODULATION_FSK2 | T5555_INVERT_OUTPUT | 2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT; LED_D_ON(); // Program the data blocks for supplied ID // and the block 0 config WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3); LED_D_OFF(); } // Clone Indala 64-bit tag by UID to T55x7 void CopyIndala64toT55x7(uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo) { //Program the 2 data blocks for supplied 64bit UID // and the Config for Indala 64 format (RF/32;PSK2 with RF/2;Maxblock=2) uint32_t data[] = { T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_PSK2 | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT), hi, lo}; //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7 // data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(32 | T5555_MODULATION_PSK2 | 2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT; WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3); //Alternative config for Indala (Extended mode;RF/32;PSK2 with RF/2;Maxblock=2;Inverse data) // T5567WriteBlock(0x603E1042,0); } // Clone Indala 224-bit tag by UID to T55x7 void CopyIndala224toT55x7(uint32_t uid1, uint32_t uid2, uint32_t uid3, uint32_t uid4, uint32_t uid5, uint32_t uid6, uint32_t uid7) { //Program the 7 data blocks for supplied 224bit UID uint32_t data[] = {0, uid1, uid2, uid3, uid4, uid5, uid6, uid7}; // and the block 0 for Indala224 format //Config for Indala (RF/32;PSK2 with RF/2;Maxblock=7) data[0] = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_PSK2 | (7 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT); //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7 // data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(32 | T5555_MODULATION_PSK2 | 7 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT; WriteT55xx(data, 0, 8); //Alternative config for Indala (Extended mode;RF/32;PSK2 with RF/2;Maxblock=7;Inverse data) // T5567WriteBlock(0x603E10E2,0); } // clone viking tag to T55xx void CopyVikingtoT55xx(uint32_t block1, uint32_t block2, uint8_t Q5) { uint32_t data[] = {T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT), block1, block2}; if (Q5) data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(32) | T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | 2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT; // Program the data blocks for supplied ID and the block 0 config WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3); LED_D_OFF(); cmd_send(CMD_ACK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); } // Define 9bit header for EM410x tags #define EM410X_HEADER 0x1FF #define EM410X_ID_LENGTH 40 void WriteEM410x(uint32_t card, uint32_t id_hi, uint32_t id_lo) { int i, id_bit; uint64_t id = EM410X_HEADER; uint64_t rev_id = 0; // reversed ID int c_parity[4]; // column parity int r_parity = 0; // row parity uint32_t clock = 0; // Reverse ID bits given as parameter (for simpler operations) for (i = 0; i < EM410X_ID_LENGTH; ++i) { if (i < 32) { rev_id = (rev_id << 1) | (id_lo & 1); id_lo >>= 1; } else { rev_id = (rev_id << 1) | (id_hi & 1); id_hi >>= 1; } } for (i = 0; i < EM410X_ID_LENGTH; ++i) { id_bit = rev_id & 1; if (i % 4 == 0) { // Don't write row parity bit at start of parsing if (i) id = (id << 1) | r_parity; // Start counting parity for new row r_parity = id_bit; } else { // Count row parity r_parity ^= id_bit; } // First elements in column? if (i < 4) // Fill out first elements c_parity[i] = id_bit; else // Count column parity c_parity[i % 4] ^= id_bit; // Insert ID bit id = (id << 1) | id_bit; rev_id >>= 1; } // Insert parity bit of last row id = (id << 1) | r_parity; // Fill out column parity at the end of tag for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) id = (id << 1) | c_parity[i]; // Add stop bit id <<= 1; Dbprintf("Started writing %s tag ...", card ? "T55x7" : "T5555"); LED_D_ON(); // Write EM410x ID uint32_t data[] = {0, (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)(id & 0xFFFFFFFF)}; clock = (card & 0xFF00) >> 8; clock = (clock == 0) ? 64 : clock; Dbprintf("Clock rate: %d", clock); if (card & 0xFF) { //t55x7 clock = GetT55xxClockBit(clock); if (clock == 0) { Dbprintf("Invalid clock rate: %d", clock); return; } data[0] = clock | T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT); } else { //t5555 (Q5) data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(clock) | T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT); } WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3); LED_D_OFF(); Dbprintf("Tag %s written with 0x%08x%08x\n", card ? "T55x7" : "T5555", (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)id); } //----------------------------------- // EM4469 / EM4305 routines //----------------------------------- // Below given command set. // Commands are including the even parity, binary mirrored #define FWD_CMD_LOGIN 0xC #define FWD_CMD_WRITE 0xA #define FWD_CMD_READ 0x9 #define FWD_CMD_DISABLE 0x5 uint8_t forwardLink_data[64]; //array of forwarded bits uint8_t *forward_ptr; //ptr for forward message preparation uint8_t fwd_bit_sz; //forwardlink bit counter uint8_t *fwd_write_ptr; //forwardlink bit pointer //==================================================================== // prepares command bits // see EM4469 spec //==================================================================== //-------------------------------------------------------------------- // VALUES TAKEN FROM EM4x function: SendForward // START_GAP = 440; (55*8) cycles at 125Khz (8us = 1cycle) // WRITE_GAP = 128; (16*8) // WRITE_1 = 256 32*8; (32*8) // These timings work for 4469/4269/4305 (with the 55*8 above) // WRITE_0 = 23*8 , 9*8 uint8_t Prepare_Cmd(uint8_t cmd) { *forward_ptr++ = 0; //start bit *forward_ptr++ = 0; //second pause for 4050 code *forward_ptr++ = cmd; cmd >>= 1; *forward_ptr++ = cmd; cmd >>= 1; *forward_ptr++ = cmd; cmd >>= 1; *forward_ptr++ = cmd; return 6; //return number of emited bits } //==================================================================== // prepares address bits // see EM4469 spec //==================================================================== uint8_t Prepare_Addr(uint8_t addr) { register uint8_t line_parity; uint8_t i; line_parity = 0; for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) { *forward_ptr++ = addr; line_parity ^= addr; addr >>= 1; } *forward_ptr++ = (line_parity & 1); return 7; //return number of emited bits } //==================================================================== // prepares data bits intreleaved with parity bits // see EM4469 spec //==================================================================== uint8_t Prepare_Data(uint16_t data_low, uint16_t data_hi) { register uint8_t line_parity; register uint8_t column_parity; register uint8_t i, j; register uint16_t data; data = data_low; column_parity = 0; for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { line_parity = 0; for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) { line_parity ^= data; column_parity ^= (data & 1) << j; *forward_ptr++ = data; data >>= 1; } *forward_ptr++ = line_parity; if (i == 1) data = data_hi; } for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) { *forward_ptr++ = column_parity; column_parity >>= 1; } *forward_ptr = 0; return 45; //return number of emited bits } //==================================================================== // Forward Link send function // Requires: forwarLink_data filled with valid bits (1 bit per byte) // fwd_bit_count set with number of bits to be sent //==================================================================== void SendForward(uint8_t fwd_bit_count) { // iceman, 21.3us increments for the USclock verification. // 55FC * 8us == 440us / 21.3 === 20.65 steps. could be too short. Go for 56FC instead // 32FC * 8us == 256us / 21.3 == 12.018 steps. ok // 16FC * 8us == 128us / 21.3 == 6.009 steps. ok #ifndef EM_START_GAP #define EM_START_GAP 55*8 #endif fwd_write_ptr = forwardLink_data; fwd_bit_sz = fwd_bit_count; // Set up FPGA, 125kHz or 95 divisor LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true); // force 1st mod pulse (start gap must be longer for 4305) fwd_bit_sz--; //prepare next bit modulation fwd_write_ptr++; TurnReadLF_off(EM_START_GAP); TurnReadLFOn(18 * 8); // now start writting with bitbanging the antenna. while (fwd_bit_sz-- > 0) { //prepare next bit modulation if (((*fwd_write_ptr++) & 1) == 1) { WaitUS(32 * 8); } else { TurnReadLF_off(23 * 8); TurnReadLFOn(18 * 8); } } } void EM4xLogin(uint32_t pwd) { uint8_t len; forward_ptr = forwardLink_data; len = Prepare_Cmd(FWD_CMD_LOGIN); len += Prepare_Data(pwd & 0xFFFF, pwd >> 16); SendForward(len); //WaitUS(20); // no wait for login command. // should receive // 0000 1010 ok. // 0000 0001 fail } void EM4xReadWord(uint8_t addr, uint32_t pwd, uint8_t usepwd) { LED_A_ON(); uint8_t len; //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later BigBuf_Clear_ext(false); StartTicks(); /* should we read answer from Logincommand? * * should receive * 0000 1010 ok. * 0000 0001 fail **/ if (usepwd) EM4xLogin(pwd); forward_ptr = forwardLink_data; len = Prepare_Cmd(FWD_CMD_READ); len += Prepare_Addr(addr); SendForward(len); WaitUS(400); DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 6000, 1000); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); cmd_send(CMD_ACK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); LED_A_OFF(); } void EM4xWriteWord(uint32_t flag, uint32_t data, uint32_t pwd) { LED_A_ON(); bool usePwd = (flag & 0xF); uint8_t addr = (flag >> 8) & 0xFF; uint8_t len; //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later BigBuf_Clear_ext(false); StartTicks(); /* should we read answer from Logincommand? * * should receive * 0000 1010 ok. * 0000 0001 fail **/ if (usePwd) EM4xLogin(pwd); forward_ptr = forwardLink_data; len = Prepare_Cmd(FWD_CMD_WRITE); len += Prepare_Addr(addr); len += Prepare_Data(data & 0xFFFF, data >> 16); SendForward(len); //Wait 20ms for write to complete? WaitMS(7); DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 6000, 1000); FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); cmd_send(CMD_ACK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); LED_A_OFF(); } /* Reading a COTAG. COTAG needs the reader to send a startsequence and the card has an extreme slow datarate. because of this, we can "sample" the data signal but we interpreate it to Manchester direct. READER START SEQUENCE: burst 800 us, gap 2.2 msecs burst 3.6 msecs gap 2.2 msecs burst 800 us gap 2.2 msecs pulse 3.6 msecs This triggers a COTAG tag to response */ void Cotag(uint32_t arg0) { #ifndef OFF # define OFF(x) { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS((x)); } #endif #ifndef ON # define ON(x) { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD); WaitUS((x)); } #endif uint8_t rawsignal = arg0 & 0xF; LED_A_ON(); LFSetupFPGAForADC(89, true); //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later BigBuf_Clear_ext(false); //send COTAG start pulse ON(740) OFF(2035) ON(3330) OFF(2035) ON(740) OFF(2035) ON(1000) switch (rawsignal) { case 0: doCotagAcquisition(50000); break; case 1: doCotagAcquisitionManchester(); break; case 2: DoAcquisition_config(true, 0); break; } // Turn the field off FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off cmd_send(CMD_ACK, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); LEDsoff(); } /* * EM4305 support */