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""" IPy - class and tools for handling of IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses and Networks.
$HeadURL: http://svn.23.nu/svn/repos/IPy/trunk/IPy.py $
$Id: IPy.py,v 1.1 2007/08/14 09:39:00 cristian Exp $
The IP class allows a comfortable parsing and handling for most
notations in use for IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses and Networks. It was
greatly inspired bei RIPE's Perl module NET::IP's interface but
doesn't share the Implementation. It doesn't share non-CIDR netmasks,
so funky stuff lixe a netmask 0xffffff0f can't be done here.
>>> ip = IP('127.0.0.0/30')
>>> for x in ip:
... print(x)
...
127.0.0.0
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.2
127.0.0.3
>>> ip2 = IP('0x7f000000/30')
>>> ip == ip2
1
>>> ip.reverseNames()
['0.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.', '1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.', '2.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.', '3.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> ip.reverseName()
'0-3.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.'
>>> ip.iptype()
'PRIVATE'
It can detect about a dozen different ways of expressing IP addresses
and networks, parse them and distinguish between IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8').version()
4
>>> IP('::1').version()
6
>>> print(IP(0x7f000001))
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('0x7f000001'))
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1'))
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('10'))
10.0.0.0
>>> print(IP('1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417A'))
1080:0000:0000:0000:0008:0800:200c:417a
>>> print(IP('1080::8:800:200C:417A'))
1080:0000:0000:0000:0008:0800:200c:417a
>>> print(IP('::1'))
0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
>>> print(IP('::13.1.68.3'))
0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0d01:4403
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0/8'))
127.0.0.0/8
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0'))
127.0.0.0/8
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0-127.255.255.255'))
127.0.0.0/8
Nearly all class methods which return a string have an optional
parameter 'wantprefixlen' which controlles if the prefixlen or netmask
is printed. Per default the prefilen is always shown if the net
contains more than one address.
wantprefixlen == 0 / None don't return anything 1.2.3.0
wantprefixlen == 1 /prefix 1.2.3.0/24
wantprefixlen == 2 /netmask 1.2.3.0/255.255.255.0
wantprefixlen == 3 -lastip 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
You can also change the defaults on an per-object basis by fiddeling with the class members
NoPrefixForSingleIp
WantPrefixLen
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/32').strNormal()
'10.0.0.0'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal()
'10.0.0.0/24'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal(0)
'10.0.0.0'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal(1)
'10.0.0.0/24'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal(2)
'10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0'
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24').strNormal(3)
'10.0.0.0-10.0.0.255'
>>> ip = IP('10.0.0.0')
>>> print(ip)
10.0.0.0
>>> ip.NoPrefixForSingleIp = None
>>> print(ip)
10.0.0.0/32
>>> ip.WantPrefixLen = 3
>>> print(ip)
10.0.0.0-10.0.0.0
Further Information might be available at http://c0re.jp/c0de/IPy/
Hacked 2001 by drt@un.bewaff.net
TODO:
* better comparison (__cmp__ and friends)
* tests for __cmp__
* always write hex values lowercase
* interpret 2001:1234:5678:1234/64 as 2001:1234:5678:1234::/64
* move size in bits into class variables to get rid of some "if self._ipversion ..."
* support for base85 encoding
* support for output of IPv6 encoded IPv4 Addresses
* update address type tables
* first-last notation should be allowed for IPv6
* add IPv6 docstring examples
* check better for negative parameters
* add addition / aggregation
* move reverse name stuff out of the classes and refactor it
* support for aggregation of more than two nets at once
* support for aggregation with "holes"
* support for finding common prefix
* '>>' and '<<' for prefix manipulation
* add our own exceptions instead ValueError all the time
* rename checkPrefix to checkPrefixOk
* add more documentation and doctests
* refactor
"""
__rcsid__ = '$Id: IPy.py,v 1.1 2007/08/14 09:39:00 cristian Exp $'
__version__ = '0.42'
import types
# Definition of the Ranges for IPv4 IPs
# this should include www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space
# and www.iana.org/assignments/multicast-addresses
IPv4ranges = {
'0': 'PUBLIC', # fall back
'00000000' : 'PRIVATE', # 0/8
'00001010' : 'PRIVATE', # 10/8
'01111111' : 'PRIVATE', # 127.0/8
'1': 'PUBLIC', # fall back
'101011000001': 'PRIVATE', # 172.16/12
'1100000010101000' : 'PRIVATE', # 192.168/16
'11011111' : 'RESERVED', # 223/8
'111': 'RESERVED' # 224/3
}
# Definition of the Ranges for IPv6 IPs
# see also www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-address-space,
# www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-tla-assignments,
# www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-multicast-addresses,
# www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-anycast-addresses
IPv6ranges = {
'00000000': 'RESERVED', # ::/8
'00000001': 'UNASSIGNED', # 100::/8
'0000001': 'NSAP', # 200::/7
'0000010': 'IPX', # 400::/7
'0000011': 'UNASSIGNED', # 600::/7
'00001': 'UNASSIGNED', # 800::/5
'0001': 'UNASSIGNED', # 1000::/4
'0010000000000000': 'RESERVED', # 2000::/16 Reserved
# 2001::/16 Sub-TLA Assignments [RFC2450]
'0010000000000001': 'ASSIGNABLE',
# 2001:0000::/29 - 2001:01F8::/29 IANA
'00100000000000010000000': 'ASSIGNABLE IANA',
# 2001:0200::/29 - 2001:03F8::/29 APNIC
'00100000000000010000001': 'ASSIGNABLE APNIC',
# 2001:0400::/29 - 2001:05F8::/29 ARIN
'00100000000000010000010': 'ASSIGNABLE ARIN',
# 2001:0600::/29 - 2001:07F8::/29 RIPE NCC
'00100000000000010000011': 'ASSIGNABLE RIPE',
'0010000000000010': '6TO4', # 2002::/16 "6to4" [RFC3056]
# 3FFE::/16 6bone Testing [RFC2471]
'0011111111111110': '6BONE',
'0011111111111111': 'RESERVED', # 3FFF::/16 Reserved
'010': 'GLOBAL-UNICAST', # 4000::/3
'011': 'UNASSIGNED', # 6000::/3
'100': 'GEO-UNICAST', # 8000::/3
'101': 'UNASSIGNED', # A000::/3
'110': 'UNASSIGNED', # C000::/3
'1110': 'UNASSIGNED', # E000::/4
'11110': 'UNASSIGNED', # F000::/5
'111110': 'UNASSIGNED', # F800::/6
'1111110': 'UNASSIGNED', # FC00::/7
'111111100': 'UNASSIGNED', # FE00::/9
'1111111010': 'LINKLOCAL', # FE80::/10
'1111111011': 'SITELOCAL', # FEC0::/10
'11111111': 'MULTICAST', # FF00::/8
'0' * 96: 'IPV4COMP', # ::/96
'0' * 80 + '1' * 16: 'IPV4MAP', # ::FFFF:0:0/96
'0' * 128: 'UNSPECIFIED', # ::/128
'0' * 127 + '1': 'LOOPBACK' # ::1/128
}
class IPint:
"""Handling of IP addresses returning integers.
Use class IP instead because some features are not implemented for
IPint."""
def __init__(self, data, ipversion=0):
"""Create an instance of an IP object.
Data can be a network specification or a single IP. IP
Addresses can be specified in all forms understood by
parseAddress.() the size of a network can be specified as
/prefixlen a.b.c.0/24 2001:658:22a:cafe::/64
-lastIP a.b.c.0-a.b.c.255 2001:658:22a:cafe::-2001:658:22a:cafe:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
/decimal netmask a.b.c.d/255.255.255.0 not supported for IPv6
If no size specification is given a size of 1 address (/32 for
IPv4 and /128 for IPv6) is assumed.
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0/8'))
127.0.0.0/8
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0'))
127.0.0.0/8
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.0-127.255.255.255'))
127.0.0.0/8
See module documentation for more examples.
"""
self.NoPrefixForSingleIp = 1 # Print no Prefixlen for /32 and /128
# Do we want prefix printed by default? see _printPrefix()
self.WantPrefixLen = None
netbits = 0
prefixlen = -1
# handling of non string values in constructor
if type(data) == int:
self.ip = int(data)
if ipversion == 0:
if self.ip < 0x100000000:
ipversion = 4
else:
ipversion = 6
if ipversion == 4:
prefixlen = 32
elif ipversion == 6:
prefixlen = 128
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
self._ipversion = ipversion
self._prefixlen = prefixlen
# handle IP instance as an parameter
elif isinstance(data, IPint):
self._ipversion = data._ipversion
self._prefixlen = data._prefixlen
self.ip = data.ip
else:
# TODO: refactor me!
# splitting of a string into IP and prefixlen et. al.
x = data.split('-')
if len(x) == 2:
# a.b.c.0-a.b.c.255 specification ?
(ip, last) = x
(self.ip, parsedVersion) = parseAddress(ip)
if parsedVersion != 4:
raise ValueError(
"first-last notation only allowed for IPv4")
(last, lastversion) = parseAddress(last)
if lastversion != 4:
raise ValueError("last address should be IPv4, too")
if last < self.ip:
raise ValueError(
"last address should be larger than first")
size = last - self.ip
netbits = _count1Bits(size)
elif len(x) == 1:
x = data.split('/')
# if no prefix is given use defaults
if len(x) == 1:
ip = x[0]
prefixlen = -1
elif len(x) > 2:
raise ValueError("only one '/' allowed in IP Address")
else:
(ip, prefixlen) = x
if prefixlen.find('.') != -1:
# check if the user might have used a netmask like
# a.b.c.d/255.255.255.0
(netmask, vers) = parseAddress(prefixlen)
if vers != 4:
raise ValueError("netmask must be IPv4")
prefixlen = _netmaskToPrefixlen(netmask)
elif len(x) > 2:
raise ValueError("only one '-' allowed in IP Address")
else:
raise ValueError("can't parse")
(self.ip, parsedVersion) = parseAddress(ip)
if ipversion == 0:
ipversion = parsedVersion
if prefixlen == -1:
if ipversion == 4:
prefixlen = 32 - netbits
elif ipversion == 6:
prefixlen = 128 - netbits
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
self._ipversion = ipversion
self._prefixlen = int(prefixlen)
if not _checkNetaddrWorksWithPrefixlen(self.ip, self._prefixlen, self._ipversion):
raise ValueError(
"%s goes not well with prefixlen %d" %
(hex(self.ip), self._prefixlen))
def int(self):
"""Return the first / base / network addess as an (long) integer.
The same as IP[0].
>>> hex(IP('10.0.0.0/8').int())
'0xA000000L'
"""
return self.ip
def version(self):
"""Return the IP version of this Object.
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8').version()
4
>>> IP('::1').version()
6
"""
return self._ipversion
def prefixlen(self):
"""Returns Network Prefixlen.
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8').prefixlen()
8
"""
return self._prefixlen
def net(self):
"""Return the base (first) address of a network as an (long) integer."""
return self.int()
def broadcast(self):
"""Return the broadcast (last) address of a network as an (long) integer.
The same as IP[-1]."""
return self.int() + self.len() - 1
def _printPrefix(self, want):
"""Prints Prefixlen/Netmask.
Not really. In fact it is our universal Netmask/Prefixlen printer.
This is considered an internel function.
want == 0 / None don't return anything 1.2.3.0
want == 1 /prefix 1.2.3.0/24
want == 2 /netmask 1.2.3.0/255.255.255.0
want == 3 -lastip 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
"""
if (self._ipversion == 4 and self._prefixlen == 32) or \
(self._ipversion == 6 and self._prefixlen == 128):
if self.NoPrefixForSingleIp:
want = 0
if want is None:
want = self.WantPrefixLen
if want is None:
want = 1
if want:
if want == 2:
# this should work wit IP and IPint
netmask = self.netmask()
if not isinstance(netmask,int):
netmask = netmask.int()
return "/%s" % (intToIp(netmask, self._ipversion))
elif want == 3:
return (
"-%s" % (intToIp(self.ip + self.len() - 1, self._ipversion))
)
else:
# default
return "/%d" % (self._prefixlen)
else:
return ''
# We have different Favours to convert to:
# strFullsize 127.0.0.1 2001:0658:022a:cafe:0200:c0ff:fe8d:08fa
# strNormal 127.0.0.1 2001:658:22a:cafe:200:c0ff:fe8d:08fa
# strCompressed 127.0.0.1 2001:658:22a:cafe::1
# strHex 0x7F000001L 0x20010658022ACAFE0200C0FFFE8D08FA
# strDec 2130706433 42540616829182469433547974687817795834
def strBin(self, wantprefixlen=None):
"""Return a string representation as a binary value.
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1').strBin())
01111111000000000000000000000001
"""
if self._ipversion == 4:
bits = 32
elif self._ipversion == 6:
bits = 128
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
if self.WantPrefixLen is None and wantprefixlen is None:
wantprefixlen = 0
ret = _intToBin(self.ip)
return (
'0' * (bits - len(ret)) + ret + self._printPrefix(wantprefixlen)
)
def strCompressed(self, wantprefixlen=None):
"""Return a string representation in compressed format using '::' Notation.
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1').strCompressed())
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('2001:0658:022a:cafe:0200::1').strCompressed())
2001:658:22a:cafe:200::1
"""
if self.WantPrefixLen is None and wantprefixlen is None:
wantprefixlen = 1
if self._ipversion == 4:
return self.strFullsize(wantprefixlen)
else:
# find the longest sequence of '0'
hextets = [int(x, 16) for x in self.strFullsize(0).split(':')]
# every element of followingzeros will contain the number of zeros
# following the corrospondending element of hextetes
followingzeros = [0] * 8
for i in range(len(hextets)):
followingzeros[i] = _countFollowingZeros(hextets[i:])
# compressionpos is the position where we can start removing zeros
compressionpos = followingzeros.index(max(followingzeros))
if max(followingzeros) > 1:
# genererate string with the longest number of zeros cut out
# now we need hextets as strings
hextets = [x for x in self.strNormal(0).split(':')]
while compressionpos < len(hextets) and hextets[compressionpos] == '0':
del(hextets[compressionpos])
hextets.insert(compressionpos, '')
if compressionpos + 1 >= len(hextets):
hextets.append('')
if compressionpos == 0:
hextets = [''] + hextets
return ':'.join(hextets) + self._printPrefix(wantprefixlen)
else:
return self.strNormal() + self._printPrefix(wantprefixlen)
def strNormal(self, wantprefixlen=None):
"""Return a string representation in the usual format.
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1').strNormal())
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('2001:0658:022a:cafe:0200::1').strNormal())
2001:658:22a:cafe:200:0:0:1
"""
if self.WantPrefixLen is None and wantprefixlen is None:
wantprefixlen = 1
if self._ipversion == 4:
ret = self.strFullsize(0)
elif self._ipversion == 6:
ret = ':'.join([hex(x)[2:] for x in [int(x, 16)
for x in self.strFullsize(0).split(':')]])
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
return ret + self._printPrefix(wantprefixlen)
def strFullsize(self, wantprefixlen=None):
"""Return a string representation in the non mangled format.
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1').strFullsize())
127.0.0.1
>>> print(IP('2001:0658:022a:cafe:0200::1').strFullsize())
2001:0658:022a:cafe:0200:0000:0000:0001
"""
if self.WantPrefixLen is None and wantprefixlen is None:
wantprefixlen = 1
return (
intToIp(self.ip, self._ipversion).lower() +
self._printPrefix(wantprefixlen)
)
def strHex(self, wantprefixlen=None):
"""Return a string representation in hex format.
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1').strHex())
0x7F000001
>>> print(IP('2001:0658:022a:cafe:0200::1').strHex())
0x20010658022ACAFE0200000000000001
"""
if self.WantPrefixLen is None and wantprefixlen is None:
wantprefixlen = 0
x = hex(self.ip)
if x[-1] == 'L':
x = x[:-1]
return x + self._printPrefix(wantprefixlen)
def strDec(self, wantprefixlen=None):
"""Return a string representation in decimal format.
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1').strDec())
2130706433
>>> print(IP('2001:0658:022a:cafe:0200::1').strDec())
42540616829182469433547762482097946625
"""
if self.WantPrefixLen is None and wantprefixlen is None:
wantprefixlen = 0
x = str(self.ip)
if x[-1] == 'L':
x = x[:-1]
return x + self._printPrefix(wantprefixlen)
def iptype(self):
"""Return a description of the IP type ('PRIVATE', 'RESERVERD', etc).
>>> print(IP('127.0.0.1').iptype())
PRIVATE
>>> print(IP('192.168.1.1').iptype())
PRIVATE
>>> print(IP('195.185.1.2').iptype())
PUBLIC
>>> print(IP('::1').iptype())
LOOPBACK
>>> print(IP('2001:0658:022a:cafe:0200::1').iptype())
ASSIGNABLE RIPE
The type information for IPv6 is out of sync with reality.
"""
# this could be greatly improved
if self._ipversion == 4:
iprange = IPv4ranges
elif self._ipversion == 6:
iprange = IPv6ranges
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
bits = self.strBin()
for i in range(len(bits), 0, -1):
if bits[:i] in iprange:
return iprange[bits[:i]]
return "unknown"
def netmask(self):
"""Return netmask as an integer.
>>> print(hex(IP('195.185.0.0/16').netmask().int()))
0xFFFF0000L
"""
# TODO: unify with prefixlenToNetmask?
if self._ipversion == 4:
locallen = 32 - self._prefixlen
elif self._ipversion == 6:
locallen = 128 - self._prefixlen
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
return ((2 ** self._prefixlen) - 1) << locallen
def strNetmask(self):
"""Return netmask as an string. Mostly useful for IPv6.
>>> print(IP('195.185.0.0/16').strNetmask())
255.255.0.0
>>> print(IP('2001:0658:022a:cafe::0/64').strNetmask())
/64
"""
# TODO: unify with prefixlenToNetmask?
if self._ipversion == 4:
locallen = 32 - self._prefixlen
return intToIp(((2 ** self._prefixlen) - 1) << locallen, 4)
elif self._ipversion == 6:
locallen = 128 - self._prefixlen
return "/%d" % self._prefixlen
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
def len(self):
"""Return the length of an subnet.
>>> print(IP('195.185.1.0/28').len())
16
>>> print(IP('195.185.1.0/24').len())
256
"""
if self._ipversion == 4:
locallen = 32 - self._prefixlen
elif self._ipversion == 6:
locallen = 128 - self._prefixlen
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
return 2 ** locallen
def __len__(self):
"""Return the length of an subnet.
Called to implement the built-in function len().
It breaks with IPv6 Networks. Anybody knows how to fix this."""
# Python < 2.2 has this silly restriction which breaks IPv6
# how about Python >= 2.2 ... ouch - it presists!
return int(self.len())
def __getitem__(self, key):
"""Called to implement evaluation of self[key].
>>> ip=IP('127.0.0.0/30')
>>> for x in ip:
... print(hex(int(x)))
...
0x7F000000L
0x7F000001L
0x7F000002L
0x7F000003L
>>> hex(ip[2].int())
'0x7F000002L'
>>> hex(ip[-1].int())
'0x7F000003L'
"""
if not isinstance(key,int):
raise TypeError
if abs(key) >= self.len():
raise IndexError
if key < 0:
key = self.len() - abs(key)
return self.ip + int(key)
def __contains__(self, item):
"""Called to implement membership test operators.
Should return true if item is in self, false otherwise. Item
can be other IP-objects, strings or ints.
>>> print(IP('195.185.1.1').strHex())
0xC3B90101
>>> str(0xC3B90101) in IP('195.185.1.0/24')
1
>>> '127.0.0.1' in IP('127.0.0.0/24')
1
>>> IP('127.0.0.0/24') in IP('127.0.0.0/25')
0
"""
item = IP(item)
if item.ip >= self.ip and item.ip < self.ip + self.len() - item.len() + 1:
return 1
else:
return 0
def overlaps(self, item):
"""Check if two IP address ranges overlap.
Returns 0 if the two ranged don't overlap, 1 if the given
range overlaps at the end and -1 if it does at the beginning.
>>> IP('192.168.0.0/23').overlaps('192.168.1.0/24')
1
>>> IP('192.168.0.0/23').overlaps('192.168.1.255')
1
>>> IP('192.168.0.0/23').overlaps('192.168.2.0')
0
>>> IP('192.168.1.0/24').overlaps('192.168.0.0/23')
-1
"""
item = IP(item)
if item.ip >= self.ip and item.ip < self.ip + self.len():
return 1
elif self.ip >= item.ip and self.ip < item.ip + item.len():
return -1
else:
return 0
def __str__(self):
"""Dispatch to the prefered String Representation.
Used to implement str(IP)."""
return self.strFullsize()
def __repr__(self):
"""Print a representation of the Object.
Used to implement repr(IP). Returns a string which evaluates
to an identical Object (without the wnatprefixlen stuff - see
module docstring.
>>> print(repr(IP('10.0.0.0/24')))
IP('10.0.0.0/24')
"""
return("IPint('%s')" % (self.strCompressed(1)))
def __cmp__(self, other):
"""Called by comparison operations.
Should return a negative integer if self < other, zero if self
== other, a positive integer if self > other.
Networks with different prefixlen are considered non-equal.
Networks with the same prefixlen and differing addresses are
considered non equal but are compared by thair base address
integer value to aid sorting of IP objects.
The Version of Objects is not put into consideration.
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24') > IP('10.0.0.0')
1
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24') < IP('10.0.0.0')
0
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24') < IP('12.0.0.0/24')
1
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/24') > IP('12.0.0.0/24')
0
"""
# Im not really sure if this is "the right thing to do"
if self._prefixlen < other.prefixlen():
return (other.prefixlen() - self._prefixlen)
elif self._prefixlen > other.prefixlen():
# Fixed bySamuel Krempp <krempp@crans.ens-cachan.fr>:
# The bug is quite obvious really (as 99% bugs are once
# spotted, isn't it ? ;-) Because of precedence of
# multiplication by -1 over the substraction, prefixlen
# differences were causing the __cmp__ function to always
# return positive numbers, thus the function was failing
# the basic assumptions for a __cmp__ function.
# Namely we could have (a > b AND b > a), when the
# prefixlen of a and b are different. (eg let
# a=IP("1.0.0.0/24"); b=IP("2.0.0.0/16");) thus, anything
# could happen when launching a sort algorithm..
# everything's in order with the trivial, attached patch.
return (self._prefixlen - other.prefixlen()) * -1
else:
if self.ip < other.ip:
return -1
elif self.ip > other.ip:
return 1
else:
return 0
def __hash__(self):
"""Called for the key object for dictionary operations, and by
the built-in function hash() Should return a 32-bit integer
usable as a hash value for dictionary operations. The only
required property is that objects which compare equal have the
same hash value
>>> hex(IP('10.0.0.0/24').__hash__())
'0xf5ffffe7'
"""
thehash = int(-1)
ip = self.ip
while ip > 0:
thehash = thehash ^ (ip & 0x7fffffff)
ip = ip >> 32
thehash = thehash ^ self._prefixlen
return int(thehash)
class IP(IPint):
"""Class for handling IP Addresses and Networks."""
def net(self):
"""Return the base (first) address of a network as an IP object.
The same as IP[0].
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8').net()
IP('10.0.0.0')
"""
return IP(IPint.net(self))
def broadcast(self):
"""Return the broadcast (last) address of a network as an IP object.
The same as IP[-1].
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8').broadcast()
IP('10.255.255.255')
"""
return IP(IPint.broadcast(self))
def netmask(self):
"""Return netmask as an IP object.
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8').netmask()
IP('255.0.0.0')
"""
return IP(IPint.netmask(self))
def reverseNames(self):
"""Return a list with values forming the reverse lookup.
>>> IP('213.221.113.87/32').reverseNames()
['87.113.221.213.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> IP('213.221.112.224/30').reverseNames()
['224.112.221.213.in-addr.arpa.', '225.112.221.213.in-addr.arpa.', '226.112.221.213.in-addr.arpa.', '227.112.221.213.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> IP('127.0.0.0/24').reverseNames()
['0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> IP('127.0.0.0/23').reverseNames()
['0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.', '1.0.127.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> IP('127.0.0.0/16').reverseNames()
['0.127.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> IP('127.0.0.0/15').reverseNames()
['0.127.in-addr.arpa.', '1.127.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> IP('128.0.0.0/8').reverseNames()
['128.in-addr.arpa.']
>>> IP('128.0.0.0/7').reverseNames()
['128.in-addr.arpa.', '129.in-addr.arpa.']
"""
if self._ipversion == 4:
ret = []
# TODO: Refactor. Add support for IPint objects
if self.len() < 2 ** 8:
for x in self:
ret.append(x.reverseName())
elif self.len() < 2 ** 16:
for i in range(0, self.len(), 2 ** 8):
ret.append(self[i].reverseName()[2:])
elif self.len() < 2 ** 24:
for i in range(0, self.len(), 2 ** 16):
ret.append(self[i].reverseName()[4:])
else:
for i in range(0, self.len(), 2 ** 24):
ret.append(self[i].reverseName()[6:])
return ret
elif self._ipversion == 6:
s = hex(self.ip)[2:].lower()
if s[-1] == 'l':
s = s[:-1]
if self._prefixlen % 4 != 0:
raise NotImplementedError(
"can't create IPv6 reverse names at sub nibble level")
s = list(s)
s.reverse()
s = '.'.join(s)
first_nibble_index = int(32 - (self._prefixlen / 4)) * 2
return ["%s.ip6.int." % s[first_nibble_index:]]
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
def reverseName(self):
"""Return the value for reverse lookup/PTR records as RfC 2317 look alike.
RfC 2317 is an ugly hack which only works for sub-/24 e.g. not
for /23. Do not use it. Better set up a Zone for every
address. See reverseName for a way to arcive that.
>>> print(IP('195.185.1.1').reverseName())
1.1.185.195.in-addr.arpa.
>>> print(IP('195.185.1.0/28').reverseName())
0-15.1.185.195.in-addr.arpa.
"""
if self._ipversion == 4:
s = self.strFullsize(0)
s = s.split('.')
s.reverse()
first_byte_index = int(4 - (self._prefixlen / 8))
if self._prefixlen % 8 != 0:
nibblepart = "%s-%s" % (s[3 - (self._prefixlen / 8)],
intToIp(self.ip + self.len() - 1, 4).split('.')[-1])
if nibblepart[-1] == 'l':
nibblepart = nibblepart[:-1]
nibblepart += '.'
else:
nibblepart = ""
s = '.'.join(s[first_byte_index:])
return "%s%s.in-addr.arpa." % (nibblepart, s)
elif self._ipversion == 6:
s = hex(self.ip)[2:].lower()
if s[-1] == 'l':
s = s[:-1]
if self._prefixlen % 4 != 0:
nibblepart = "%s-%s" % (s[self._prefixlen:],
hex(self.ip + self.len() - 1)[2:].lower())
if nibblepart[-1] == 'l':
nibblepart = nibblepart[:-1]
nibblepart += '.'
else:
nibblepart = ""
s = list(s)
s.reverse()
s = '.'.join(s)
first_nibble_index = int(32 - (self._prefixlen / 4)) * 2
return "%s%s.ip6.int." % (nibblepart, s[first_nibble_index:])
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
def __getitem__(self, key):
"""Called to implement evaluation of self[key].
>>> ip=IP('127.0.0.0/30')
>>> for x in ip:
... print(str(x))
...
127.0.0.0
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.2
127.0.0.3
>>> print(str(ip[2]))
127.0.0.2
>>> print(str(ip[-1]))
127.0.0.3
"""
return IP(IPint.__getitem__(self, key))
def __repr__(self):
"""Print a representation of the Object.
>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8')
IP('10.0.0.0/8')
"""
return("IP('%s')" % (self.strCompressed(1)))
def __add__(self, other):
"""Emulate numeric objects through network aggregation"""
if self.prefixlen() != other.prefixlen():
raise ValueError(
"Only networks with the same prefixlen can be added.")
if int(self.prefixlen) < 1:
raise ValueError(
"Networks with a prefixlen longer than /1 can't be added.")
if self.version() != other.version():
raise ValueError(
"Only networks with the same IP version can be added.")
if self > other:
# fixed by Skinny Puppy <skin_pup-IPy@happypoo.com>
return other.__add__(self)
else:
ret = IP(self.int())
ret._prefixlen = self.prefixlen() - 1
return ret
def parseAddress(ipstr):
"""Parse a string and return the corrospondending IPaddress and the a guess of the IP version.
Following Forms ar recorgnized:
0x0123456789abcdef # IPv4 if <= 0xffffffff else IPv6
123.123.123.123 # IPv4
123.123 # 0-padded IPv4
1080:0000:0000:0000:0008:0800:200C:417A
1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417A
1080:0::8:800:200C:417A
::1
::
0:0:0:0:0:FFFF:129.144.52.38
::13.1.68.3
::FFFF:129.144.52.38
"""
# TODO: refactor me!
if ipstr.startswith('0x'):
ret = int(ipstr[2:], 16)
if ret > 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff:
raise ValueError(
"%r: IP Address can't be bigger than 2^128" %
(ipstr))
if ret < 0x100000000:
return (ret, 4)
else:
return (ret, 6)
if ipstr.find(':') != -1:
# assume IPv6
if ipstr.find(':::') != -1:
raise ValueError("%r: IPv6 Address can't contain ':::'" % (ipstr))
hextets = ipstr.split(':')
if ipstr.find('.') != -1:
# this might be a mixed address like '0:0:0:0:0:0:13.1.68.3'
(v4, foo) = parseAddress(hextets[-1])
assert foo == 4
del(hextets[-1])
hextets.append(hex(v4 >> 16)[2:-1])
hextets.append(hex(v4 & 0xffff)[2:-1])
if len(hextets) > 8:
raise ValueError(
"%r: IPv6 Address with more than 8 hexletts" %
(ipstr))
if len(hextets) < 8:
if '' not in hextets:
raise ValueError(
"%r IPv6 Address with less than 8 hexletts and without '::'" %
(ipstr))
# catch :: at the beginning or end
if hextets.index('') < len(hextets) - 1 and hextets[hextets.index('') + 1] == '':
hextets.remove('')
# catch '::'
if hextets.index('') < len(hextets) - 1 and hextets[hextets.index('') + 1] == '':
hextets.remove('')
for foo in range(9 - len(hextets)):
hextets.insert(hextets.index(''), '0')
hextets.remove('')
if '' in hextets:
raise ValueError(
"%r IPv6 Address may contain '::' only once" %
(ipstr))
if '' in hextets:
raise ValueError(
"%r IPv6 Address may contain '::' only if it has less than 8 hextets" %
(ipstr))
num = ''
for x in hextets:
if len(x) < 4:
x = ((4 - len(x)) * '0') + x
if int(x, 16) < 0 or int(x, 16) > 0xffff:
raise ValueError(
"%r: single hextet must be 0 <= hextet <= 0xffff which isn't true for %s" %
(ipstr, x))
num += x
return (int(num, 16), 6)
elif len(ipstr) == 32:
# assume IPv6 in pure hexadecimal notation
return (int(ipstr, 16), 6)
elif ipstr.find('.') != -1 or (len(ipstr) < 4 and int(ipstr) < 256):
# assume IPv4 ('127' gets interpreted as '127.0.0.0')
bytes = ipstr.split('.')
if len(bytes) > 4:
raise ValueError("IPv4 Address with more than 4 bytes")
bytes += ['0'] * (4 - len(bytes))
bytes = [int(x) for x in bytes]
for x in bytes:
if x > 255 or x < 0:
raise ValueError(
"%r: single byte must be 0 <= byte < 256" %
(ipstr))
return (
((bytes[0] << 24) + (bytes[1] << 16)
+ (bytes[2] << 8) + bytes[3], 4)
)
else:
# we try to interprete it as a decimal digit -
# this ony works for numbers > 255 ... others
# will be interpreted as IPv4 first byte
ret = int(ipstr)
if ret > 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff:
raise ValueError("IP Address cant be bigger than 2^128")
if ret <= 0xffffffff:
return (ret, 4)
else:
return (ret, 6)
def intToIp(ip, version):
"""Transform an integer string into an IP address."""
# just to be sure and hoping for Python 2.22
ip = int(ip)
if ip < 0:
raise ValueError("IPs can't be negative: %d" % (ip))
ret = ''
if version == 4:
if ip > 0xffffffff:
raise ValueError(
"IPv4 Addresses can't be larger than 0xffffffff: %s" %
(hex(ip)))
for l in range(4):
ret = str(ip & 0xff) + '.' + ret
ip = ip >> 8
ret = ret[:-1]
elif version == 6:
if ip > 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff:
raise ValueError(
"IPv6 Addresses can't be larger than 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff: %s" %
(hex(ip)))
l = '0' * 32 + hex(ip)[2:-1]
for x in range(1, 33):
ret = l[-x] + ret
if x % 4 == 0:
ret = ':' + ret
ret = ret[1:]
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
return ret
def _ipVersionToLen(version):
"""Return number of bits in address for a certain IP version.
>>> _ipVersionToLen(4)
32
>>> _ipVersionToLen(6)
128
>>> _ipVersionToLen(5)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
File "IPy.py", line 1076, in _ipVersionToLen
raise ValueError, "only IPv4 and IPv6 supported"
ValueError: only IPv4 and IPv6 supported
"""
if version == 4:
return 32
elif version == 6:
return 128
else:
raise ValueError("only IPv4 and IPv6 supported")
def _countFollowingZeros(l):
"""Return Nr. of elements containing 0 at the beginning th the list."""
if len(l) == 0:
return 0
elif l[0] != 0:
return 0
else:
return 1 + _countFollowingZeros(l[1:])
_BitTable = {'0': '0000', '1': '0001', '2': '0010', '3': '0011',
'4': '0100', '5': '0101', '6': '0110', '7': '0111',
'8': '1000', '9': '1001', 'a': '1010', 'b': '1011',
'c': '1100', 'd': '1101', 'e': '1110', 'f': '1111'}
def _intToBin(val):
"""Return the binary representation of an integer as string."""
if val < 0:
raise ValueError("Only positive Values allowed")
s = hex(val).lower()
ret = ''
if s[-1] == 'l':
s = s[:-1]
for x in s[2:]:
if __debug__:
if x not in _BitTable:
raise AssertionError("hex() returned strange result")
ret += _BitTable[x]
# remove leading zeros
while ret[0] == '0' and len(ret) > 1:
ret = ret[1:]
return ret
def _count1Bits(num):
"""Find the highest bit set to 1 in an integer."""
ret = 0
while num > 0:
num = num >> 1
ret += 1
return ret
def _count0Bits(num):
"""Find the highest bit set to 0 in an integer."""
# this could be so easy if _count1Bits(~long(num)) would work as excepted
num = int(num)
if num < 0:
raise ValueError("Only positive Numbers please: %s" % (num))
ret = 0
while num > 0:
if num & 1 == 1:
break
num = num >> 1
ret += 1
return ret
def _checkPrefix(ip, prefixlen, version):
"""Check the validity of a prefix
Checks if the variant part of a prefix only has 0s, and the length is
correct.
>>> _checkPrefix(str(0x7f000000), 24, 4)
1
>>> _checkPrefix(str(0x7f000001), 24, 4)
0
>>> repr(_checkPrefix(str(0x7f000001), -1, 4))
'None'
>>> repr(_checkPrefix(str(0x7f000001), 33, 4))
'None'
"""
# TODO: unify this v4/v6/invalid code in a function
bits = _ipVersionToLen(version)
if prefixlen < 0 or prefixlen > bits:
return None
if ip == 0:
zbits = bits + 1
else:
zbits = _count0Bits(ip)
if zbits < bits - prefixlen:
return 0
else:
return 1
def _checkNetmask(netmask, masklen):
"""Checks if a netmask is expressable as e prefixlen."""
num = int(netmask)
bits = masklen
# remove zero bits at the end
while (num & 1) == 0:
num = num >> 1
bits -= 1
if bits == 0:
break
# now check if the rest consists only of ones
while bits > 0:
if (num & 1) == 0:
raise ValueError(
"Netmask %s can't be expressed as an prefix." %
(hex(netmask)))
num = num >> 1
bits -= 1
def _checkNetaddrWorksWithPrefixlen(net, prefixlen, version):
"""Check if a base addess of e network is compatible with a prefixlen"""
if net & _prefixlenToNetmask(prefixlen, version) == net:
return 1
else:
return 0
def _netmaskToPrefixlen(netmask):
"""Convert an Integer reprsenting a Netmask to an prefixlen.
E.g. 0xffffff00 (255.255.255.0) returns 24
"""
netlen = _count0Bits(netmask)
masklen = _count1Bits(netmask)
_checkNetmask(netmask, masklen)
return masklen - netlen
def _prefixlenToNetmask(prefixlen, version):
"""Return a mask of n bits as a long integer.
From 'IP address conversion functions with the builtin socket module' by Alex Martelli
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/66517
"""
if prefixlen == 0:
return 0
elif prefixlen < 0:
raise ValueError("Prefixlen must be > 0")
return ((2 << prefixlen - 1) - 1) << (_ipVersionToLen(version) - prefixlen)
def _test():
import doctest
import discovery.IPy as IP
return doctest.testmod(IPy)
if __name__ == "__main__":
_test()
t = [0xf0, 0xf00, 0xff00, 0xffff00, 0xffffff00]
o = []
for x in t:
pass
x = 0
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