diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Imap/ImapClient.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Imap/ImapClient.php
index 4db46dfe7..35674b06d 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Imap/ImapClient.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Imap/ImapClient.php
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ class ImapClient extends \MailSo\Net\NetClient
 			return $this;
 		}
 
-		if (!empty($oSettings->ProxyAuthUser) && !empty($oSettings->ProxyAuthPassword)) {
+		if (!empty($oSettings->ProxyAuthUser) && $oSettings->ProxyAuthPassword) {
 			$sLogin = $oSettings->ProxyAuthUser;
-			$sPassword = $oSettings->ProxyAuthPassword;
+			$sPassword = $oSettings->ProxyAuthPassword->getValue();
 			$sProxyAuthUser = $oSettings->Login;
 		} else {
 			$sLogin = $oSettings->Login;
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Log/Inherit.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Log/Inherit.php
index 521a1b641..a82d0b2a0 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Log/Inherit.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Log/Inherit.php
@@ -40,7 +40,10 @@ trait Inherit
 		$this->oLogger && $this->oLogger->WriteException($oException, $iType, $sName);
 	}
 
-	public function logMask(string $sWord): void
+	public function logMask(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sWord
+	): void
 	{
 		$this->oLogger && $this->oLogger->AddSecret($sWord);
 	}
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Log/Logger.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Log/Logger.php
index f447d1f72..f6aa4f608 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Log/Logger.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Log/Logger.php
@@ -107,7 +107,10 @@ class Logger extends \SplFixedArray
 		return 0 < $this->count();
 	}
 
-	public function AddSecret(string $sWord) : void
+	public function AddSecret(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sWord
+	) : void
 	{
 //		$this->bShowSecrets && $this->Write("AddSecret '{$sWord}'", \LOG_INFO, '', false);
 		$sWord = \trim($sWord);
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Net/ConnectSettings.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Net/ConnectSettings.php
index f37c3cca3..f706b99e3 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Net/ConnectSettings.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/MailSo/Net/ConnectSettings.php
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 
 namespace MailSo\Net;
 
+use SnappyMail\SensitiveString;
+
 /**
  * @category MailSo
  * @package Net
@@ -47,15 +49,29 @@ class ConnectSettings implements \JsonSerializable
 		'LOGIN'
 	];
 	public string $Login = '';
-	public string $Password = '';
+	private ?SensitiveString $Password = null;
 	public string $ProxyAuthUser = '';
-	public string $ProxyAuthPassword = '';
+	public ?SensitiveString $ProxyAuthPassword = null;
 
 	public function __construct()
 	{
 		$this->ssl = new SSLContext;
 	}
 
+	public function __get(string $name)
+	{
+		if ('Password' === $name) {
+			return $this->Password ? $this->Password->getValue() : '';
+		}
+	}
+
+	public function __set(string $name, $value)
+	{
+		if ('Password' === $name) {
+			$this->Password = \is_string($value) ? new SensitiveString($value) : $value;
+		}
+	}
+
 	public static function Host() : string
 	{
 		return \SnappyMail\IDN::toAscii($this->host);
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Actions/UserAuth.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Actions/UserAuth.php
index c6af9eb5e..4ebf93fc3 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Actions/UserAuth.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Actions/UserAuth.php
@@ -22,7 +22,10 @@ trait UserAuth
 	/**
 	 * @throws \RainLoop\Exceptions\ClientException
 	 */
-	public function resolveLoginCredentials(string &$sEmail, string &$sPassword, string &$sLogin): void
+	public function resolveLoginCredentials(string &$sEmail,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string &$sPassword,
+		string &$sLogin): void
 	{
 		$this->Plugins()->RunHook('login.credentials.step-1', array(&$sEmail));
 
@@ -113,7 +116,11 @@ trait UserAuth
 	/**
 	 * @throws \RainLoop\Exceptions\ClientException
 	 */
-	public function LoginProcess(string &$sEmail, string &$sPassword, bool $bMainAccount = true): Account
+	public function LoginProcess(string &$sEmail,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string &$sPassword,
+		bool $bMainAccount = true
+	): Account
 	{
 		$sInputEmail = $sEmail;
 
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Api.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Api.php
index 16200a64e..5b8e8796b 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Api.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Api.php
@@ -77,7 +77,11 @@ abstract class Api
 		return APP_VERSION;
 	}
 
-	public static function CreateUserSsoHash(string $sEmail, string $sPassword, array $aAdditionalOptions = array(), bool $bUseTimeout = true) : ?string
+	public static function CreateUserSsoHash(string $sEmail,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sPassword,
+		array $aAdditionalOptions = array(), bool $bUseTimeout = true
+	) : ?string
 	{
 		$sSsoHash = \MailSo\Base\Utils::Sha1Rand(\sha1($sPassword.$sEmail));
 
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Config/Application.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Config/Application.php
index 8f7bdf1a1..29773aec8 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Config/Application.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Config/Application.php
@@ -116,12 +116,18 @@ class Application extends \RainLoop\Config\AbstractConfig
 		parent::Set($sSectionKey, $sParamKey, $mParamValue);
 	}
 
-	public function SetPassword(string $sPassword) : void
+	public function SetPassword(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sPassword
+	) : void
 	{
 		$this->Set('security', 'admin_password', \password_hash($sPassword, PASSWORD_DEFAULT));
 	}
 
-	public function ValidatePassword(string $sPassword) : bool
+	public function ValidatePassword(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sPassword
+	) : bool
 	{
 		$sConfigPassword = (string) $this->Get('security', 'admin_password', '');
 		if (32 == \strlen($sPassword) && \md5(APP_SALT.$sPassword.APP_SALT) === $sConfigPassword) {
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Model/Account.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Model/Account.php
index 38b67814f..26b73bb16 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Model/Account.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Model/Account.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ namespace RainLoop\Model;
 use RainLoop\Utils;
 use RainLoop\Notifications;
 use RainLoop\Exceptions\ClientException;
+use SnappyMail\SensitiveString;
 
 abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 {
@@ -14,15 +15,15 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 
 	private string $sLogin = '';
 
-	private string $sPassword = '';
+	private ?SensitiveString $sPassword = null;
 
 	private string $sSmtpLogin = '';
 
-	private string $sSmtpPassword = '';
+	private ?SensitiveString $sSmtpPassword = null;
 
 	private string $sProxyAuthUser = '';
 
-	private string $sProxyAuthPassword = '';
+	private ?SensitiveString $sProxyAuthPassword = null;
 
 	private Domain $oDomain;
 
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 
 	public function IncPassword() : string
 	{
-		return $this->sPassword;
+		return $this->sPassword ? $this->sPassword->getValue() : '';
 	}
 
 	public function OutLogin() : string
@@ -69,14 +70,20 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 		]));
 	}
 
-	public function SetPassword(string $sPassword) : void
+	public function SetPassword(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sPassword
+	) : void
 	{
-		$this->sPassword = $sPassword;
+		$this->sPassword = new SensitiveString($sPassword);
 	}
 
-	public function SetSmtpPassword(string $sPassword) : void
+	public function SetSmtpPassword(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sPassword
+	) : void
 	{
-		$this->sSmtpPassword = $sPassword;
+		$this->sSmtpPassword = new SensitiveString($sPassword);
 	}
 
 	public function SetProxyAuthUser(string $sProxyAuthUser) : void
@@ -84,39 +91,43 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 		$this->sProxyAuthUser = $sProxyAuthUser;
 	}
 
-	public function SetProxyAuthPassword(string $sProxyAuthPassword) : void
+	public function SetProxyAuthPassword(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sProxyAuthPassword
+	) : void
 	{
-		$this->sProxyAuthPassword = $sProxyAuthPassword;
+		$this->sProxyAuthPassword = new SensitiveString($sProxyAuthPassword);
 	}
 
 	#[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
 	public function jsonSerialize()
 	{
 		$result = [
-//			'account',                   // 0
-			'email' => $this->sEmail,    // 1
-			'login' => $this->sLogin,    // 2
-			'pass'  => $this->sPassword, // 3
-//			'',                          // 4 sClientCert
+			'email' => $this->sEmail,
+			'login' => $this->sLogin,
+			'pass'  => $this->IncPassword(),
 			'name' => $this->sName
 		];
 		if ($this->sSmtpLogin && $this->sSmtpPassword) {
 			$result['smtp'] = [
 				'user' => $this->sSmtpLogin,
-				'pass' => $this->sSmtpPassword
+				'pass' => $this->sSmtpPassword->getValue()
 			];
 		}
 		if ($this->sProxyAuthUser && $this->sProxyAuthPassword) {
 			$result['proxy'] = [
-				'user' => $this->sProxyAuthUser,    // 5
-				'pass' => $this->sProxyAuthPassword // 6
+				'user' => $this->sProxyAuthUser,
+				'pass' => $this->sProxyAuthPassword->getValue()
 			];
 		}
 		return $result;
 	}
 
 	public static function NewInstanceFromCredentials(\RainLoop\Actions $oActions,
-		string $sEmail, string $sLogin, string $sPassword, bool $bThrowException = false): ?self
+		string $sEmail, string $sLogin,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sPassword,
+		bool $bThrowException = false): ?self
 	{
 		$oAccount = null;
 		if ($sEmail && $sLogin && $sPassword) {
@@ -127,7 +138,7 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 
 					$oAccount->sEmail = \MailSo\Base\Utils::IdnToAscii($sEmail, true);
 					$oAccount->sLogin = \MailSo\Base\Utils::IdnToAscii($sLogin);
-					$oAccount->sPassword = $sPassword;
+					$oAccount->SetPassword($sPassword);
 					$oAccount->oDomain = $oDomain;
 
 					$oActions->Plugins()->RunHook('filter.account', array($oAccount));
@@ -190,17 +201,17 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 				if (isset($aAccountHash['name'])) {
 					$oAccount->sName = $aAccountHash['name'];
 				}
-				$oActions->logMask($oAccount->sPassword);
+				$oActions->logMask($oAccount->IncPassword());
 				// init smtp user/password
 				if (isset($aAccountHash['smtp'])) {
 					$oAccount->sSmtpLogin = $aAccountHash['smtp']['user'];
-					$oAccount->sSmtpPassword = $aAccountHash['smtp']['pass'];
+					$oAccount->SetSmtpPassword($aAccountHash['smtp']['pass']);
 					$oActions->logMask($oAccount->sSmtpPassword);
 				}
 				// init proxy user/password
 				if (isset($aAccountHash['proxy'])) {
 					$oAccount->sProxyAuthUser = $aAccountHash['proxy']['user'];
-					$oAccount->sProxyAuthPassword = $aAccountHash['proxy']['pass'];
+					$oAccount->SetProxyAuthPassword($aAccountHash['proxy']['pass']);
 					$oActions->logMask($oAccount->sProxyAuthPassword);
 				}
 			}
@@ -208,11 +219,6 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 		return $oAccount;
 	}
 
-	// Deprecated
-	public function ImapConnectAndLoginHelper(\RainLoop\Plugins\Manager $oPlugins, \MailSo\Imap\ImapClient $oImapClient, \RainLoop\Config\Application $oConfig) : bool
-	{
-		return $this->ImapConnectAndLogin($oPlugins, $oImapClient, $oConfig);
-	}
 	public function ImapConnectAndLogin(\RainLoop\Plugins\Manager $oPlugins, \MailSo\Imap\ImapClient $oImapClient, \RainLoop\Config\Application $oConfig) : bool
 	{
 		$oSettings = $this->Domain()->ImapSettings();
@@ -234,7 +240,7 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 		$oImapClient->Connect($oSettings);
 		$oPlugins->RunHook('imap.after-connect', array($this, $oImapClient, $oSettings));
 
-		$oSettings->Password = $this->IncPassword();
+		$oSettings->Password = $this->sPassword;
 		return $this->netClientLogin($oImapClient, $oPlugins);
 	}
 
@@ -273,7 +279,7 @@ abstract class Account implements \JsonSerializable
 		$oSieveClient->Connect($oSettings);
 		$oPlugins->RunHook('sieve.after-connect', array($this, $oSieveClient, $oSettings));
 
-		$oSettings->Password = $this->IncPassword();
+		$oSettings->Password = $this->sPassword;
 		return $this->netClientLogin($oSieveClient, $oPlugins);
 	}
 
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Providers/AddressBook/CardDAV.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Providers/AddressBook/CardDAV.php
index 8c7becdcb..2833a9422 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Providers/AddressBook/CardDAV.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/RainLoop/Providers/AddressBook/CardDAV.php
@@ -130,7 +130,10 @@ trait CardDAV
 		return null;
 	}
 
-	private function getContactsPaths(DAVClient $oClient, string $sPath, string $sUser, string $sPassword, string $sProxy = '') : array
+	private function getContactsPaths(DAVClient $oClient, string $sPath, string $sUser,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sPassword,
+		string $sProxy = '') : array
 	{
 		$aContactsPaths = array();
 
@@ -291,7 +294,11 @@ trait CardDAV
 		return $bGood;
 	}
 
-	private function getDavClientFromUrl(string $sUrl, string $sUser, string $sPassword, string $sProxy = '') : DAVClient
+	private function getDavClientFromUrl(string $sUrl, string $sUser,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $sPassword,
+		string $sProxy = ''
+	) : DAVClient
 	{
 		if (!\preg_match('/^http[s]?:\/\//i', $sUrl)) {
 			$sUrl = \preg_replace('/^fruux\.com/i', 'dav.fruux.com', $sUrl);
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/crypt.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/crypt.php
index 8028bd251..c58905ee6 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/crypt.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/crypt.php
@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ abstract class Crypt
 	/**
 	 * When $key is empty, it will use the smctoken.
 	 */
-	private static function Passphrase(?string $key) : string
+	private static function Passphrase(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		?string $key
+	) : string
 	{
 		if (!$key) {
 			if (empty($_COOKIE['smctoken'])) {
@@ -55,7 +58,10 @@ abstract class Crypt
 		return \sha1($key . APP_SALT, true);
 	}
 
-	public static function Decrypt(array $data, string $key = null) /* : mixed */
+	public static function Decrypt(array $data,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) /* : mixed */
 	{
 		if (3 === \count($data) && isset($data[0], $data[1], $data[2]) && \strlen($data[0])) {
 			try {
@@ -75,7 +81,10 @@ abstract class Crypt
 		}
 	}
 
-	public static function DecryptFromJSON(string $data, string $key = null) /* : mixed */
+	public static function DecryptFromJSON(string $data,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) /* : mixed */
 	{
 		$data = static::jsonDecode($data);
 		if (!\is_array($data)) {
@@ -85,7 +94,10 @@ abstract class Crypt
 		return static::Decrypt(\array_map('base64_decode', $data), $key);
 	}
 
-	public static function DecryptUrlSafe(string $data, string $key = null) /* : mixed */
+	public static function DecryptUrlSafe(string $data,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) /* : mixed */
 	{
 		$data = \explode('.', $data);
 		if (!\is_array($data)) {
@@ -95,7 +107,12 @@ abstract class Crypt
 		return static::Decrypt(\array_map('MailSo\\Base\\Utils::UrlSafeBase64Decode', $data), $key);
 	}
 
-	public static function Encrypt($data, string $key = null) : array
+	public static function Encrypt(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		$data,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) : array
 	{
 		$data = \json_encode($data);
 
@@ -128,17 +145,30 @@ abstract class Crypt
 */
 	}
 
-	public static function EncryptToJSON($data, string $key = null) : string
+	public static function EncryptToJSON(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		$data,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		return \json_encode(\array_map('base64_encode', static::Encrypt($data, $key)));
 	}
 
-	public static function EncryptUrlSafe($data, string $key = null) : string
+	public static function EncryptUrlSafe(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		$data,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		return \implode('.', \array_map('MailSo\\Base\\Utils::UrlSafeBase64Encode', static::Encrypt($data, $key)));
 	}
 
-	public static function SodiumDecrypt(string $data, string $nonce, string $key = null) /* : string|false */
+	public static function SodiumDecrypt(string $data, string $nonce,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) /* : string|false */
 	{
 		if (!\is_callable('sodium_crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt')) {
 			throw new \Exception('sodium_crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt not callable');
@@ -151,7 +181,13 @@ abstract class Crypt
 		);
 	}
 
-	public static function SodiumEncrypt(string $data, string $nonce, string $key = null) : string
+	public static function SodiumEncrypt(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $data,
+		string $nonce,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		if (!\is_callable('sodium_crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt')) {
 			throw new \Exception('sodium_crypto_aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt not callable');
@@ -168,7 +204,10 @@ abstract class Crypt
 		return $result;
 	}
 
-	public static function OpenSSLDecrypt(string $data, string $iv, string $key = null) /* : string|false */
+	public static function OpenSSLDecrypt(string $data, string $iv,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) /* : string|false */
 	{
 		if (!$data || !$iv) {
 			throw new \InvalidArgumentException('$data or $iv is empty string');
@@ -189,7 +228,13 @@ abstract class Crypt
 		);
 	}
 
-	public static function OpenSSLEncrypt(string $data, string $iv, string $key = null) : string
+	public static function OpenSSLEncrypt(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $data,
+		string $iv,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		if (!$data || !$iv) {
 			throw new \InvalidArgumentException('$data or $iv is empty string');
@@ -214,7 +259,10 @@ abstract class Crypt
 		return $result;
 	}
 
-	public static function XxteaDecrypt(string $data, string $salt, string $key = null) /* : mixed */
+	public static function XxteaDecrypt(string $data, string $salt,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) /* : mixed */
 	{
 		if (!$data || !$salt) {
 			throw new \InvalidArgumentException('$data or $salt is empty string');
@@ -225,7 +273,13 @@ abstract class Crypt
 			: \MailSo\Base\Xxtea::decrypt($data, $key);
 	}
 
-	public static function XxteaEncrypt(string $data, string $salt, string $key = null) : string
+	public static function XxteaEncrypt(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $data,
+		string $salt,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $key = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		if (!$data || !$salt) {
 			throw new \InvalidArgumentException('$data or $salt is empty string');
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/http/request.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/http/request.php
index 301d87c34..ffbddeea3 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/http/request.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/http/request.php
@@ -48,7 +48,10 @@ abstract class Request
 		$this->user_agent = 'SnappyMail/' . APP_VERSION;
 	}
 
-	public function setAuth(int $type, string $user, string $pass) : void
+	public function setAuth(int $type, string $user,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $pass
+	) : void
 	{
 		$this->auth = [
 			'type' => $type,
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/pgp/gnupg.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/pgp/gnupg.php
index 4e420a734..19f979d69 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/pgp/gnupg.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/pgp/gnupg.php
@@ -84,7 +84,10 @@ class GnuPG
 	/**
 	 * Add a key for decryption
 	 */
-	public function addDecryptKey(string $fingerprint, string $passphrase) : bool
+	public function addDecryptKey(string $fingerprint,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase
+	) : bool
 	{
 		return $this->handler()->adddecryptkey($fingerprint, $passphrase);
 	}
@@ -100,7 +103,10 @@ class GnuPG
 	/**
 	 * Add a key for signing
 	 */
-	public function addSignKey(string $fingerprint, ?string $passphrase) : bool
+	public function addSignKey(string $fingerprint,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		?string $passphrase
+	) : bool
 	{
 		return $this->handler()->addsignkey($fingerprint, $passphrase);
 	}
@@ -218,7 +224,10 @@ class GnuPG
 	/**
 	 * Exports a key
 	 */
-	public function export(string $fingerprint, string $passphrase = '') /*: string|false*/
+	public function export(string $fingerprint,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase = ''
+	) /*: string|false*/
 	{
 		if ($passphrase) {
 			return $this->getGPG()
@@ -265,7 +274,10 @@ class GnuPG
 	/**
 	 * Generates a key
 	 */
-	public function generateKey(string $uid, string $passphrase) /*: string|false*/
+	public function generateKey(string $uid,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase
+	) /*: string|false*/
 	{
 		$GPG = $this->getGPG(false);
 		return $GPG ? $GPG->generateKey($uid, $passphrase) : false;
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/pgp/gpg.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/pgp/gpg.php
index eb02644f7..f5f51252c 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/pgp/gpg.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/pgp/gpg.php
@@ -136,7 +136,10 @@ class GPG
 	/**
 	 * Add a key for decryption
 	 */
-	public function addDecryptKey(string $fingerprint, string $passphrase) : bool
+	public function addDecryptKey(string $fingerprint,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase
+	) : bool
 	{
 		$this->decryptKeys[$fingerprint] = $passphrase;
 //		$this->decryptKeys[\substr($fingerprint, -16)] = $passphrase;
@@ -155,7 +158,10 @@ class GPG
 	/**
 	 * Add a key for signing
 	 */
-	public function addSignKey(string $fingerprint, string $passphrase) : bool
+	public function addSignKey(string $fingerprint,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase
+	) : bool
 	{
 		$this->signKeys[$fingerprint] = $passphrase;
 //		$this->signKeys[\substr($fingerprint, -16)] = $passphrase;
@@ -419,7 +425,10 @@ class GPG
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	public function addPassphrase($keyId, $passphrase)
+	public function addPassphrase($keyId,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		$passphrase
+	)
 	{
 		$this->passphrases[$keyId] = $passphrase;
 		return $this;
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/cram.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/cram.php
index 4ed7f6b7e..f321496bd 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/cram.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/cram.php
@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@ class Cram extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 		$this->algo = $algo;
 	}
 
-	public function authenticate(string $authcid, string $passphrase, ?string $challenge = null) : string
+	public function authenticate(string $authcid,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase,
+		?string $challenge = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		return $this->encode($authcid . ' ' . \hash_hmac($this->algo, $this->decode($challenge), $passphrase));
 	}
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/login.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/login.php
index 52608a49f..2f0441fcb 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/login.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/login.php
@@ -2,19 +2,24 @@
 
 namespace SnappyMail\SASL;
 
+use SnappyMail\SensitiveString;
+
 class Login extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 {
 	protected
-		$passphrase;
+		SensitiveString $passphrase;
 
-	public function authenticate(string $username, string $passphrase, ?string $challenge = null) : string
+	public function authenticate(string $username,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase,
+		?string $challenge = null) : string
 	{
 		// $challenge should be 'VXNlcm5hbWU6', but broken on some systems
 		// See https://github.com/the-djmaze/snappymail/issues/693
 		if ($challenge && !\str_starts_with($this->decode($challenge), 'Username:')) {
 			throw new \Exception("Invalid response: {$this->decode($challenge)}");
 		}
-		$this->passphrase = $passphrase;
+		$this->passphrase = new SensitiveString($passphrase);
 		return $this->encode($username);
 	}
 
@@ -24,7 +29,7 @@ class Login extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 		if ($challenge && 'Password:' !== $this->decode($challenge)) {
 			throw new \Exception("invalid response: {$challenge}");
 		}
-		return $this->encode($this->passphrase);
+		return $this->encode($this->passphrase->getValue());
 	}
 
 	public static function isSupported(string $param) : bool
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/oauthbearer.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/oauthbearer.php
index 66bfb84a2..e6e8dc1a2 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/oauthbearer.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/oauthbearer.php
@@ -4,12 +4,15 @@
  * https://developers.google.com/gmail/imap/xoauth2-protocol
  */
 
-
 namespace SnappyMail\SASL;
 
 class OAuthBearer extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 {
-	public function authenticate(string $username, string $passphrase, ?string $authzid = null) : string
+	public function authenticate(string $username,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase,
+		?string $authzid = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		return $this->encode("n,a={$username},\x01auth=Bearer {$passphrase}\x01\x01");
 	}
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/plain.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/plain.php
index dca6aa103..92ccc0d4f 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/plain.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/plain.php
@@ -5,7 +5,10 @@ namespace SnappyMail\SASL;
 class Plain extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 {
 
-	public function authenticate(string $username, string $passphrase, ?string $authzid = null) : string
+	public function authenticate(string $username,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase,
+		?string $authzid = null) : string
 	{
 		return $this->encode("{$authzid}\x00{$username}\x00{$passphrase}");
 	}
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/scram.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/scram.php
index a74c4ecc8..10e824741 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/scram.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/scram.php
@@ -4,16 +4,16 @@
  * https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7677
  */
 
-
 namespace SnappyMail\SASL;
 
+use SnappyMail\SensitiveString;
+
 class Scram extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 {
-
+	protected ?SensitiveString $passphrase;
 	protected
 		$algo,
 		$nonce,
-		$passphrase,
 		$gs2_header,
 		$auth_message,
 		$server_key;
@@ -31,13 +31,17 @@ class Scram extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 		$this->algo = $algo;
 	}
 
-	public function authenticate(string $authcid, string $passphrase, ?string $authzid = null) : string
+	public function authenticate(string $authcid,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase,
+		?string $authzid = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		// SASLprep
 		$authcid = \str_replace(array('=',','), array('=3D','=2C'), $authcid);
 
 		$this->nonce = \bin2hex(\random_bytes(16));
-		$this->passphrase = $passphrase;
+		$this->passphrase = new SensitiveString($passphrase);
 		$this->gs2_header = 'n,' . (empty($authzid) ? '' : 'a=' . $authzid) . ',';
 		$this->auth_message = "n={$authcid},r={$this->nonce}";
 		return $this->encode($this->gs2_header . $this->auth_message);
@@ -67,7 +71,7 @@ class Scram extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 			throw new \Exception('Server invalid salt');
 		}
 
-		$pass = \hash_pbkdf2($this->algo, $this->passphrase, $salt, \intval($values['i']), 0, true);
+		$pass = \hash_pbkdf2($this->algo, $this->passphrase->getValue(), $salt, \intval($values['i']), 0, true);
 		$this->passphrase = null;
 
 		$ckey = \hash_hmac($this->algo, 'Client Key', $pass, true);
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/xoauth2.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/xoauth2.php
index bf1563013..48eb3fa40 100644
--- a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/xoauth2.php
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sasl/xoauth2.php
@@ -4,12 +4,15 @@
  * https://developers.google.com/gmail/imap/xoauth2-protocol
  */
 
-
 namespace SnappyMail\SASL;
 
 class XOAuth2 extends \SnappyMail\SASL
 {
-	public function authenticate(string $username, string $passphrase, ?string $authzid = null) : string
+	public function authenticate(string $username,
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $passphrase,
+		?string $authzid = null
+	) : string
 	{
 		return $this->encode("user={$username}\x01auth=Bearer {$passphrase}\x01\x01");
 	}
diff --git a/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sensitivestring.php b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sensitivestring.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..449215c1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/snappymail/v/0.0.0/app/libraries/snappymail/sensitivestring.php
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace SnappyMail;
+
+function xorIt(
+	#[\SensitiveParameter]
+	string $value
+) : string
+{
+	$key = APP_SALT;
+	$kl = \strlen($key);
+	$i = \strlen($value);
+	while ($i--) {
+		$value[$i] = $value[$i] ^ $key[$i % $kl];
+	}
+	return $value;
+}
+
+class SensitiveString /* extends SensitiveParameterValue | SensitiveParameter */ implements \Stringable
+{
+	private string $value, $nonce;
+
+	public function __construct(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $value
+	)
+	{
+		$this->setValue($value);
+	}
+
+	public function getValue(): string
+	{
+		if (\is_callable('sodium_crypto_secretbox')) {
+			return \sodium_crypto_secretbox_open($this->value, $this->nonce, APP_SALT);
+		}
+		return xorIt($this->value);
+	}
+
+	public function setValue(
+		#[\SensitiveParameter]
+		string $value
+	) : void
+	{
+		if (\is_callable('sodium_crypto_secretbox')) {
+			$this->nonce = \random_bytes(\SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETBOX_NONCEBYTES);
+//			$this->key = \sodium_crypto_secretbox_keygen();
+			$this->value = \sodium_crypto_secretbox($value, $this->nonce, APP_SALT);
+		} else {
+			$this->value = xorIt($value);
+		}
+	}
+
+	public function __toString(): string
+	{
+		return $this->getValue();
+	}
+
+	public function __debugInfo(): array
+	{
+		return [];
+	}
+
+	public function __serialize(): array
+	{
+		throw new \Exception("Serialization of 'SensitiveString' is not allowed");
+	}
+
+	public function __unserialize(array $data): void
+	{
+		throw new \Exception("Unserialization of 'SensitiveString' is not allowed");
+	}
+}